臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

本文為有關高功率變流器效率改善之研究。文中採用數位化脈寬調變控制方法，使調變波保持於最大值或最小值，控制功率電晶體在負載電流峰值時開關不切換。此外，本文亦提出並聯式變流器之分析及設計，利用分離的脈寬調變信號，分別觸發並聯的功率開關元件，將開關切換損失分配於各個並聯的功率開關元件上，以減少變流器的溫升，俾於同樣條件下可提高變流器切換頻率，改善電動機等效定子側電感 過小，以及電動機切換損失過大的問題。
本文之系統以數位信號處理器(DSP TMS320F240)為控制核心，完成實體製作，其變流器控制策略皆用軟體程式完成，以減少硬體電路。本文採用150 kW之交流永磁式同步電動機作測試，在開關切換次數方面，數位化脈寬調變比正弦脈寬調變及電壓空間向量脈寬調變減少 切換次數。在開關切換損失方面，當輸出功率為28 kW時，採用本文之方法較諸採正弦脈寬調變，變頻器效率提高1.3%。

This thesis is concerned with efficiency improvement of high power inverter. A digital scalar pulse-width-modulation algorithm is proposed to reduce switching frequency of power transistors operated at peak load current. In addition, a novel shunt-type three-phase power inverter, which contains two power-transistor pairs in each phase, is presented so that each transistor pair shares only one-half of the switching loss. This will largely reduce the operating temperature of the power transistors and thereby increase the inverter capacity to twice as large as that of single power-transistor pair structure.
In order to reduce complexity of circuit design, a digital control system for 150 kW ac permanent-magnet synchronous motor is realized by using a digital signal processor (DSP TMS320F240). Experimental results show that the required switching frequency of the proposed modulation is one-third lower than those of sinusoidal pulse-width-modulation and voltage space-vector pulse-width-modulation. The overall operation efficiency of the inverter is increased by 1.3% for 28 kW output through the proposed modulation technique.

中文摘要 I
英文摘要 II
誌 謝 III
目 錄 IV
圖表索引 VI
符號索引 VIII
第一章 緒論 1
1.1 簡介 1
1.2 系統架構 2
1.3 本文大綱 2
第二章 交流永磁式同步電動機之數學模式 4
2.1 前言 4
2.2 轉子旋轉座標軸系統下之電壓及電磁轉矩方程式 4
2.3 交流永磁式同步電動機之控制 7
2.4.1 轉速調節器 7
2.4.2 交軸、直軸電流控制器 7
2.5 結語 8
第三章 變流器之分析及控制 10
3.1 前言 10
3.2 三相全橋式開關型變流器之架構 10
3.2.1 功率電晶體之驅動級電路 11
3.2.2 變流器之數學模式 15
3.3 正弦脈寬調變策略 17
3.4 電壓空間向量脈寬調變策略 18
3.5 數位化脈寬調變策略 20
3.6 變流器之並聯控制 25
3.7 模擬結果 26
3.8 結語 26
第四章 實體製作及實測結果 31
4.1 前言 31
4.2 硬體電路 31
4.3 控制軟體規劃 35
4.3.1 轉速及電流閉迴路控制系統之控制程式 36
4.3.2 正弦脈寬調變、電壓空間向量脈寬調變和數位化
脈寬調變之控制程式 36
4.4 實測結果 41
4.5 結語 41
第五章 結論與建議 47
5.1 結論 47
5.2 建議 47
參考文獻 48
附錄A 交流永磁式同步電動機之規格及參數 51
作者簡介 52

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