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研究生:鄧國同
研究生(外文):Deng, Guo-Tong
論文名稱:茂谷柑之採收成熟度與低溫貯藏之研究.
論文名稱(外文):Studies on the harvesting maturity and cold storage of ''Murcott'' tangor.
指導教授:王自存
指導教授(外文):Tsu-Tsuen Wang
學位類別:碩士
校院名稱:國立臺灣大學
系所名稱:園藝學研究所
學門:農業科學學門
學類:園藝學類
論文種類:學術論文
論文出版年:1999
畢業學年度:87
語文別:中文
論文頁數:99
中文關鍵詞:茂谷柑果粒化採收期紫外線貯藏
外文關鍵詞:''Murcott'' tangorGranulationHarvesting stageUV-CStorage
相關次數:
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茂谷柑(‘Murcott’ tangor ; Honey Tangerine)為台灣新興的柑桔品種,本研究之目的為探討茂谷柑之最適採收期、採收指標、最適貯藏溫度以及紫外線照射處理對果實貯藏品質之影響。
在連續兩年不同採收期的試驗結果中發現,栽培於台中縣石岡之茂谷柑之適合採收期為二月下旬至四月中旬,此時果實之糖酸比已達18以上;而適合參考的採收指標包括了:可滴定酸度降至750 mg citrate/100 ml juice以下、糖酸比上升至18以上、果汁之Hunter 〝b〞值大於3.5。
由連續兩年的低溫貯藏試驗中得知,茂谷柑貯於0℃及5℃中皆可有效降低腐爛率,而貯藏於5℃、10℃及15℃中會發生果粒化現象(Granulation),其中以10℃最為嚴重。由官能品評結果得知,茂谷柑在0℃∼20℃溫度下貯藏四個月後風味皆變差。茂谷柑之低溫貯藏壽命約為三個月。以可售率結果來看,茂谷柑之最適合貯藏溫度為0℃。
比較總可溶性固形物含量及高效液相層析儀之個別糖類分析之結果,發現成熟後期之茂谷柑中,其果糖、葡萄糖、蔗糖之含量在總可溶性固形物中所佔之比例不變;但在不同之溫度貯藏中後,個別糖類在總可溶性固形物中之比率會發生改變,故在低溫貯藏時,茂谷柑之總可溶性固形物含量變化並不能代表其個別糖類之變化。
以紫外線照射處理並無法維持茂谷柑在20℃中貯藏時之綠蒂率,照射劑量大於1 KJ/m2可有效抑制Penicillium菌造成之腐爛,但照射劑量大於5 KJ/m2卻明顯促進蒂腐病的發生,並造成果皮之皺縮。
‘Murcott’ tangor is a fast expanding citrus cultivar in Taiwan. This study investigates the optimum harvesting stage and harvesting index of this fruit, as well as conditions for its cold storage. The potential of application of ultraviolet light-C was also studied.
Based on the results of experiments carried out in two consecutive years, the optimum harvesting period for ‘Murcott’ tangor grown in Shin-kong, Taichung was from late February to mid-April with its sugar to acid ratio reaching 18. Proper harvesting index include titratable acidity declined below 750 mg citrate/100 ml juice, sugar/acid ratio increased to 18 or higher and the Hunter “b” value is greater than 3.5.
Storing fruits at 0℃and 5℃reduce decay significantly. Granulation of juice vesicles were observed in fruits stored at 5℃, 10℃ and 15℃for over two months. This disorder symptom was most sever in fruits stored at 10℃. All fruits that were stored for more than 4 months exhibit poor flavor by panel test. It was suggested that the best storage temperature for ‘Murcott’ tangor is 0℃ and its duration not exceeding three months.
It was found that the relative ratio of fructose, glucose and sucrose within the total soluble solid content of fruit juice remained unchanged throughout maturation period. However, in the relative ratio of individual sugars varied after fruits were stored at different temperatures for one or more months, and such variation could not be represented by changes in the total soluble solid content.
The application of ultraviolet light (254 nm, UV-C) could not maintain the green button ratio of ‘Murcott’ tangor during storage. Dosages higher than 1 KJ/m2 effectively inhibited the occurrence of penicillium rot. However, dosages higher than 5 KJ/m2 promoted the incidence of stem-end rot and skin shrinkage.
中文摘要………………………………………………………… Ⅰ
英文摘要………………………………………………………… Ⅱ
圖次……………………………………………………………… Ⅴ
表次……………………………………………………………… Ⅵ
壹、前言………………………………………………………… 1
貳、前人研究…………………………………………………… 3
一、柑桔之品質……………………………………………… 3
二、柑桔採收應注意事項…………………………………… 6
三、柑桔之採後生理………………………………………… 8
四、柑桔採後及貯藏技術…………………………………… 10
五、柑桔採後病害及生理障礙……………………………… 17
參、材料及方法………………………………………………… 26
一、試驗材料………………………………………………… 26
二、試藥……………………………………………………… 26
三、儀器……………………………………………………… 27
四、試驗設計及方法………………………………………… 28
(一)最適採收期及採收指標……………………………… 28
(二)貯藏溫度與品質之關係……………………………… 33
(三)紫外光照射處理對腐爛率之影響…………………… 36
肆、結果………………………………………………………… 37
一、最適採收期及採收指標………………………………… 37
二、採收時期、貯藏溫度與品質關係……………………… 41
三、紫外線照射處理對腐爛率及綠蒂率之影響…………… 48
伍、討論………………………………………………………… 78
一、最適採收期及採收指標………………………………… 78
二、採收時期、貯藏溫度與品質關係……………………… 80
三、紫外線照射處理對腐爛率及綠蒂率之影響…………… 84
陸、結論………………………………………………………… 86
柒、參考文獻…………………………………………………… 88
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