臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

在傳統的CAD軟體環境中，咬合板的建構會因對咬牙需全部接觸以及犬齒導引之設計需求難以達成等因素令使用者操作不易，本研究透過結合傳統手工製作咬合板之流程，提出咬合板的數位設計流程，並應用於顳顎障礙症治療。
本論文目的為開發一套快速設計數位咬合板(Digital Occlusal Split Design System)的CAD系統。此系統包含齒模處理系統、咬合板主體建構系統以及數位咬合模擬系統；可透過三角網格修補、新增及移除網格點進行齒模倒凹區修補，利用曲線偏移與曲面建構製成咬合板之主體，接著使用布林操作與網格變形技術將咬合板成品製作完成，再應用咬合模擬技術進行成品模擬驗證，最後套用積層製造(Additive Manufacturing, AM)技術快速輸出成品；此外，搭配數位咬合器系統可提供建構咬合板所需之參數，如齒模開口大小、真實病患咬合路徑與犬齒導引位置及所需高度，並在成品設計完成後進行咬合模擬與驗證，以降低成品出錯之可能性，進而達成快速設計與建構咬合板之目的。

When it comes to the design of occlusal splint, particular in the analysis of cusp contact between the opposing teeth and the canine guidance, traditional CAD software has serious limitations and missing functions. Therefore, we follow the design principles of the traditional hand-made occlusal splint, create the digital design flow, and apply on the temporomandibular disorders.
The purpose of this thesis is to develop a quickly design CAD system for digital occlusal splint. This system includes tooth mold repair system, occlusal splint construction and occlusion simulate system. To block out the tooth mold by the triangle mesh repair function, curve offset and surface construction function can manufacture the principle part of occlusal splint and use mesh deform, Boolean operation to finished the occlusal splint. At last, apply on the additive manufacturing to archive the purpose of construct quickly. In addition, the digital occlusion simulate system can provide the parameters which the occlusal splint needed, like the distance between upper and lower jaw, the real occlusal path and the location and require height of canine guidance. When the digital occlusal splint has finished, the occlusion simulate system used to check if the interference happened between tooth and splint or not. Finally obtain a good result and archive the purpose of quickly design the occlusal splint.

目錄
摘要 I
Abstract II
目錄 IV
圖目錄 VI
表目錄 VIII
第一章 緒論 1
1.1 前言 1
1.2 研究動機 2
1.3 研究目的 3
1.4 文獻回顧 4
1.4.1 顳顎障礙症 4
1.4.2 治療方法 5
1.4.3 曲線及曲面建構 7
1.4.4 三角網格變形及編修 8
1.4.5 整合CAD與積層製造技術之咬合板設計發展 10
1.5 研究方法 11
1.5.1 齒模處理系統 12
1.5.2 主體建構系統 12
1.5.3 咬合模擬系統 13
1.5.4 3D列印成品 14
第二章 咬合板簡介 15
2.1 治療原理與應用範圍 15
2.2 咬合板的構成要素 18
2.2.1 中心自由區(Freedom in centric) 18
2.2.2 全牙覆蓋與垂直高度 18
2.2.3 犬齒導引(Canine guidance) 19
2.3 傳統咬合板的製作流程 21
第三章 齒模前處理 23
3.1 齒模補倒凹 23
3.1.1 切層佈點法 24
3.2 齒模修補 28
3.2.1 三角網格膨脹變形 29
3.2.2 網格自相交判斷 32
3.2.3 破洞縫補 34
第四章 數位咬合板主體建構 38
4.1 點偏移演算法 38
4.1.1 上顎頰側點偏移 38
4.1.1 下顎咬頭點偏移 40
4.1.2 下顎頰側點偏移 43
4.1.3 曲線點擴張偏移 44
4.2 咬合板主體曲面建構 46
4.2.1 直紋曲面 47
4.2.2 舉昇曲面 49
4.3 導圓角建構 51
4.4 曲面實體化 53
4.5 布林操作 55
第五章 數位咬合板平面犬齒導引 57
5.1 犬齒移動路徑 57
5.2 犬齒導引定位 59
5.3 三角網格平滑化 60
5.4 咬合模擬 62
5.4.1 球裝填 62
5.4.2 碰撞路徑預側 64
第六章 研究成果 66
6.1 數位咬合板設計範例 66
第七章 結論與未來展望 80
7.1 結論 80
7.2 未來展望 80
參考文獻 82

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