臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

ABSTRACT
The word change is inevitable as the climate is changing, now indisputable, so it must be included in Architecture. According to a recent survey by famous a leading bank in Asia, the Philippines is ranked third among the four countries in the world most vulnerable to climate change due to being susceptible to extreme weather events, such as storms and flooding. An average of 20 major storms hit the Philippines a year and on November 8, 2013, major destruction occurred particularly in the Visayas region brought by Typhoon Haiyan, which is referred to as a Super Typhoon, and was one of the most devastating and intense tropical storm systems on record. Since of these events, many Filipinos suffered loss of life and homes were severely damaged or destroyed. The pursuance of this paper had created a resilient house that adapted to the effects of natural disasters such as the rise of water and typhoon events. The design development was based upon the analysis of qualitative and quantitative data collected and synthesize into a responsive architecture that focused on the occupant-centered context. The design outcomes was presented through architectural plans, structure loads, selected building materials, and design floating systems that are easily adaptable to changing needs, holistic in acknowledging adjacencies and local affect, as climate change takes its toll on Philippines sea levels and weather patterns as a result of heavy rainfall with the likely event that, at some point, these house will create an impact to the country in preparation for the next few decades and beyond. Now, consider the water as an asset not a liability and make architecture adapt to the effects of the changing climate.

Keywords: Climate Change, Resilient Design, Flood, Amphibious Architecture

ABSTRACT
The word change is inevitable as the climate is changing, now indisputable, so it must be included in Architecture. According to a recent survey by famous a leading bank in Asia, the Philippines is ranked third among the four countries in the world most vulnerable to climate change due to being susceptible to extreme weather events, such as storms and flooding. An average of 20 major storms hit the Philippines a year and on November 8, 2013, major destruction occurred particularly in the Visayas region brought by Typhoon Haiyan, which is referred to as a Super Typhoon, and was one of the most devastating and intense tropical storm systems on record. Since of these events, many Filipinos suffered loss of life and homes were severely damaged or destroyed. The pursuance of this paper had created a resilient house that adapted to the effects of natural disasters such as the rise of water and typhoon events. The design development was based upon the analysis of qualitative and quantitative data collected and synthesize into a responsive architecture that focused on the occupant-centered context. The design outcomes was presented through architectural plans, structure loads, selected building materials, and design floating systems that are easily adaptable to changing needs, holistic in acknowledging adjacencies and local affect, as climate change takes its toll on Philippines sea levels and weather patterns as a result of heavy rainfall with the likely event that, at some point, these house will create an impact to the country in preparation for the next few decades and beyond. Now, consider the water as an asset not a liability and make architecture adapt to the effects of the changing climate.

Keywords: Climate Change, Resilient Design, Flood, Amphibious Architecture

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Title Page
Acknowledgements i
Abstract ii
Table of Contents iii
List of Figures vii
List of Tables xii

Chapter One: Introduction 1
Background 1
1.1 The motivation of study 3
1.2 The purpose of Study 4
1.3 Objectives of the study 4
1.4 Research Problem 4
1.5 Limitation of study 5
1.6 Methodology 5
1.8 Scope and Parameters 7
1.8.1 Economical 7
1.8.2 Functional 7
1.8.3 Performance 8
1.8.4 Sustainable 8
1.8.5 Safety 9
1.9 Benefit of Study 9

Chapter Two: Related Literature Review 11
2.1 Metamorphosis of climate change 11
2.1.1 Geography 12
2.1.2 Development 14
2.1.3 Adaptation and Mitigation 15

2.2 Flood 16
2.2.1 Kinds of flood 16

2.3 Resilience Design 20
2.3.1 Philippine Traditional Disaster-Resilient Architecture 21
2.3.1.1. Nipa Huts 24
2.3.1.2 Ifugao Houses 26
2.3.1.3 Torongon Houses 28
2.3.1.4 Badjao Houses 31
2.3.1.5 Ivatan Houses 34
2.4 Amphibious Architecture 40
2.4.1 Water Houses Typology 40
2.4.1.1 Terp Houses 41
2.4.1.2 Static Elevation Houses 42
2.4.1.3 Pile Houses 43
2.4.1.4 House Boats 46
2.4.1.5 Amphibious Houses 48

2.4.2 The Precedents of Amphibious Houses 50
2.4.2.1 Amphibious housing in Maasbommel, Netherlands 50
2.4.2.2 Baca Architects in United Kingdom 53
2.4.2.3 Float House by Morphosis 54
2.4.2.4 H & P Architects’ Designs 55
2.4.2.5 Between Art and Technology Studio 56
2.4.2.6 The Lift House in Dhaka, Bangladesh 57

2.5 Summary and Implication 59
2.5.1 Conceptual Framework 60
2.5.2 Hypothesis 61

Chapter Three: Methodology 62
3.1 Research Methodology 63
3.1.1 The locale for the study 63
3.1.2 Geographic Location 64
3.1.3 Study Population 65
3.1.4 Observational Method 65
3.1.4.1 Field Observation 65
3.1.5 Interview Method 66
3.1.5.1 Face-to-face Interveiw 66
3.1.5.2 Respondents of the study 67
3.1.5.3 Open-ended Questionnaire 67
3.1.5.4 Experts Interview 68
3.2 Design Methodology 69
3.2.1 Architectural Program 69
3.2.1.1 Site Analysis 69
3.2.1.2 The climate of Talisay City 69
3.2.1.3 Disaster Characteristics 72
3.2.2 Synthesis 75
3.3 Research Methodology Outcomes 77
3.3.1 Research Implications 77
3.3.2 Demographic Respondents profile 78
3.3.3 Risk Profile 80
3.3.4 Perceptions Profile 82

Chapter 4: Design of Resilient House 87
4.1 Site Plan 87
4.2 Floor Plans 88
4.3 Conceptual Ideation Results 89
4.4 Resilience Features to Natural Disaster 90
4.4.1 Floating Concept of the House 91
4.4.2 Floating Calculations 94
4.4.2.1 Unit of Measures 94
4.4.2.2 Density of Water 95
4.4.2.3 The Principle of Stability 95
4.4.2.4 The Stability of the House 97
4.5 Building Materials 97
4.5.1 Electrical Cables 98
4.5.2 Sanitary and Waterline System 99
4.6 Determining Structural Loads 100
4.6.1 Dead Loads 100
4.6.2 Live Loads 101
4.6.3 Wind Loads 101
4.7 Cost Estimate 102
4.8 Comparison between Conventional Houses to the Proposed House 102

Chapter 5: Conclusion and Recommendations 105
5.1 Summary of Findings 105
5.2 Conclusion 107
5.3 Anticipated Impacts 108
5.4 Recommendations 108

References 109
Appendices
Appendix A: Respondents’ Questionnaire 116
Appendix B: Validation Sheet of Questionnaire 206
Appendix C: Validation Sheet of Interview 209
Appendix D: Expert’s Interview Raw Data 212
Appendix E: Hydrostatic Properties Multihull of the House 220

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