臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

本研究利用靜電紡絲技術分別將聚鄰甲氧基苯胺 (Poly(o-methoxyaniline), POMA) 和聚己內酯 (Poly(ε-caprolactone), PCL) 製備成隨機及順向排列之複合式奈米纖維，並摻雜樟腦磺酸 (Camphorsulfonic acid, CPSA)，探討其與心肌母細胞 (H9c2) 的相容性。掃描式電子顯微鏡 (Scanning electron microscopy, SEM) 觀察得知 POMA 纖維直徑為 219±53 nm，添加 PCL 可使其直徑增加，順向電紡與 CPSA 摻雜則會使其直徑下降。接觸角分析發現 POMA 和 PCL 電紡絲具有疏水性表面，而 CPSA 摻雜則會使其表面親水性增加。循環伏安法分析發現未摻雜 CPSA 之電紡絲不具有電活性，摻雜後可使電紡絲導電率提升到半導體範圍。原子力顯微鏡分析發現摻雜 CPSA 電紡絲的楊氏係數較高，而順向電紡絲的楊氏係數又較隨機電紡絲高。拉伸試驗分析發現順向電紡絲的機械性質較隨機電紡絲具有韌性、拉伸強度增加；CPSA 摻雜則會使其剛性增加。將電紡絲浸泡於培養基中 21 天，纖維膨潤但仍可維持纖維型態。將 H9c2 細胞培養於電紡絲上以 SEM 觀察發現，順向纖維可誘導細胞生長方向，而電場方向也會影響細胞本體延展方向。Rhodamine-phalloidin 螢光染色影像可觀察到細胞骨架排列與順向纖維的方向一致。但在隨機電紡絲上，未電刺激組的細胞骨架呈不規則排列；電刺激後，細胞骨架的排列則與電場方向平行。細胞活性分析發現 CPSA 摻雜與 POMA 比例較高的電紡絲中，細胞增生較多；而順向與隨機排列電紡絲的細胞活性則無顯著差異。施予體外電刺激則會抑制細胞生長速度，推測此時細胞可能朝向肌小管分化。本研究證實 POMA 混合 PCL 摻雜 CPSA 可紡出具導電性之順向電紡絲，細胞相容性結果顯示其具有應用於組織工程的潛能。

The specific aims of this study were to prepare random and aligned composite nanofibers containing camphorsulfonic acid (CPSA) doped poly(o-methoxyaniline) (POMA) and poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) by electrospinning technique as well as explore biocompatibility of electrospun nanofibers with cardiac myoblast (H9c2). The diameter of POMA nanofiber was 219±53 nm as shown by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Nanofiber diameter increased with increasing PCL content but decreased with CPSA doping and aligned electrospinning process. Contact angle analysis found that surfaces of POMA and PCL nanofibers were hydrophobic and became hydrophilic when doping with CPSA. Cyclic voltammetry showed no electroactivity in electrospun nanofibers without CPSA doping. Conductivity of nanofibers was raised to the range of semiconductor after CPSA doping. Atomic force microscopy analysis revealed that Young’s module of nanofiber was enhanced by CPSA doping and further increased in aligned nanofibers. Tensile test found that aligned electrospun fibers had higher toughness and tensile strength than random fibers, whereas rigidity increased by CPSA doping. The fibers became swollen but still maintained their morphology after soaking in the culture medium for 21 days. SEM images showed that direction of H9c2 cell growth on the aligned scaffolds was parallel to the direction of fiber alignment, whereas it was random on the randomly-oriented scaffolds. Direction of cell growth was also parallel to the direction of electrical field applied. Fluorescent stain of rhodamine-phalloidin found that the arrangement of cytoskeleton was parallel to the direction of fiber alignment, whereas it was random on the randomly-oriented scaffolds. Direction of cytoskeleton was also found to be parallel to the direction of electrical field applied. Cell viability analysis indicated that CPSA doping and high POMA ratio led to higher cell proliferation. No significant difference in cell viability was found between aligned and random nanofibers. In vitro electrical stimulation inhibited cell growth, which might be resulted from myotube differentiation. The study demonstrated aligned and conductive nanofibers of POMA and PCL were successfully prepared. The result of cell compatibility suggest the application potential of conductive nanofibers in tissue engineering.

摘要 I
Abstract II
致謝 IV
目錄 V
圖索引 IX
表索引 XI
附錄索引 XII
縮寫表 XIII
第一章 緒論 1
1.1 前言 1
1.2 理論基礎 2
1.2.1 靜電紡絲 2
1.2.2 導電高分子 4
1.2.3 聚苯胺 5
1.2.4 聚己內酯 10
1.3 文獻回顧 11
1.3.1 電紡絲支架於組織工程之應用 11
1.3.2 PANi 纖維支架之應用 13
1.3.3 具方向性導電高分子支架於組織工程之應用 14
1.4 研究動機與目的 16
第二章 材料與方法 17
2.1 研究架構 17
2.2 靜電紡絲奈米纖維製備 19
2.2.1 試劑配製 19
2.2.2 聚鄰甲氧苯基胺聚合 19
2.2.3 凝膠滲透層析檢測 POMA 分子量 20
2.2.4 高分子溶液黏度分析 20
2.2.5 靜電紡絲製備 21
2.3 電紡絲特性分析 23
2.3.1 掃描式電子顯微鏡 23
2.3.2 接觸角試驗 25
2.3.3 傅立葉轉換紅外線光譜分析 25
2.3.4 紫外光-可見光光譜分析 26
2.3.5 循環伏安法 26
2.3.6 四點探針導電率量測 28
2.3.7 熱失重分析 28
2.3.8 原子力顯微鏡 29
2.3.9 拉伸試驗測試 31
2.4 電紡絲之體外降解測試 33
2.5 體外電刺激系統 34
2.6 細胞培養 35
2.6.1 細胞來源 35
2.6.2 細胞培養相關試劑配製 36
2.6.3 細胞培養技術 38
2.7 SEM 細胞培養於電紡絲之型態觀察 40
2.8 細胞骨架 F-actin/Hoechst 33258 雙重螢光染色分析 40
2.9 細胞活性分析 42
2.10 統計分析 43
第三章 結果 44
3.1 POMA 分子量 44
3.2 電紡溶液黏度分析 44
3.3 電紡絲製備之最佳參數及 SEM 表面形態觀察 46
3.3.1 POMA 電紡絲之 SEM 影像 49
3.3.2 PCL 電紡絲之 SEM 影像 50
3.3.3 POMA 與不同濃度 PCL 混合電紡絲之 SEM 型態 52
3.3.4 利用平行金屬版及滾筒式收集板收集 POMA 與 PCL 混合順向電紡絲之 SEM 影像 54
3.4 電紡絲之接觸角分析 59
3.5 電紡絲之傅立葉轉換紅外光譜分析 61
3.6 電紡絲之紫外光-可見光吸收光譜分析 66
3.7 電紡絲之電化學分析 68
3.8 電紡絲的熱失重分析 71
3.9 原子力顯微鏡對電紡絲三維形貌與力學特性分析 74
3.10 電紡絲拉伸測試分析 78
3.11 電紡絲之體外降解評估 81
3.12 隨機與順向電紡絲於之體外生物性相容性評估 84
3.12.1 H9c2 細胞於電紡絲之生長型態評估 84
3.12.2 H9c2 細胞於電紡絲之細胞骨架觀察 87
3.12.3 H9c2 細胞於電紡絲細胞活性評估 90
第四章 討論 96
4.1 高分子溶液黏度對電紡絲型態之影響 96
4.2 金屬平行收集板與水平式滾筒收集板順向電紡絲型態之探討 97
4.3 樟腦磺酸摻雜與電紡絲導電率之探討 98
4.4 電紡絲之體外降解能力探討 99
4.5 隨機與順向電紡絲的生物相容性探討 99
第五章 結論與未來展望 101
參考文獻 102
附錄索引 113



 
圖索引
圖 1-1. 靜電紡絲儀器裝置簡圖 3
圖 1-2. 泰勒錐形成示意圖 4
圖 1-3. 聚苯胺結構式示意圖 6
圖 1-4. 樟腦磺酸結構式 7
圖 1-5. 樟腦磺酸與聚苯胺摻雜反應式 8
圖 1-6. 苯胺及鄰甲氧基苯胺單體的結構式 9
圖 1-7. 聚苯胺衍生物-聚鄰甲氧基苯胺結構式 9
圖 1-8. 聚己內酯結構式 10
圖 2-1. 研究架構 18
圖 2-2. 接觸角示意圖 25
圖 2-3. 循環伏安法原理示意圖 27
圖 2-4. AFM 儀器架構及工作原理示意圖 30
圖 2-5. AFM 探針受力－距離曲線圖 31
圖 2-6. ASTM 標準拉伸試片規格圖 33
圖 2-7. 本研究所架構之體外電刺激系統 35
圖 2-8. H9c2 細胞之細胞型態 36
圖 2-9. MTS 結構與反應後的產物結構 43
圖 3-1. POMA、PCL 及 POMA/PCL 電紡溶液之黏度分析 45
圖 3-2. 本研究所使用之隨機及順向電紡絲收集板 47
圖 3-3. POMA 電紡絲之 SEM 影像 49
圖 3-4. 不同濃度 PCL 電紡絲之直徑變化 50
圖 3-5. PCL 電紡絲之 SEM 影像 51
圖 3-6. 5 % POMA 與不同濃度之 PCL 混合後電紡絲之直徑變化 52
圖 3-7. 5 % POMA 與不同濃度 PCL 混合後之電紡絲 SEM 影像 53
圖 3-8. 不鏽鋼圓盤和平行金屬收集板所得之隨機或順向 POMA/PCL 電紡絲的 SEM 影像 56
圖 3-9. 以滾筒式收集板所得之 P2C8 及 P3C7 電紡絲 SEM 影像 57
圖 3-10. 以滾筒式收集板所得之摻雜與未摻雜 P2C8 及 P3C7 電紡絲SEM 影像 58
圖 3-11. POMA、PCL 和 POMA/PCL電紡絲之接觸角影像 60
圖 3-12. POMA、PCL 與 POMA/PCL 電紡絲 FTIR 圖譜 65
圖 3-13. POMA、PCL、POMA/PCL 電紡絲之 UV-Vis 吸收光譜 67
圖 3-14. P2C8、P3C7、C-P2C8 及 C-P3C7 溶液與電紡絲的 CV 曲線 69
圖 3-15. POMA、PCL 與 POMA/PCL 電紡絲熱失重分析曲線 73
圖 3-16. AFM 分析隨機與順向 POMA/PCL 電紡絲的二維及三維表面形貌影像 76
圖 3-17. POMA/PCL 電紡絲的探針受力-距離曲線 77
圖 3-18. POMA/PCL 電紡絲的應力-應變曲線 80
圖 3-19. POMA/PCL 電紡絲之體外降解現象 83
圖 3-20. H9c2 細胞生長於 POMA/PCL 電紡絲第 3 天之 SEM 影像 85
圖 3-21. H9c2 細胞生長於 POMA/PCL 電紡絲第 5 天之 SEM 影像 86
圖 3-22. H9c2 細胞生長於 POMA/PCL 電紡絲第 3 天之螢光染色影像 88
圖 3-23. H9c2 細胞生長於 POMA/PCL 電紡絲第 5 天之螢光染色影像 89
圖 3-24. H9c2 細胞於隨機與順向 POMA/PCL 電紡絲之細胞活性 92

圖 1-1. 靜電紡絲儀器裝置簡圖 3
圖 1-2. 泰勒錐形成示意圖 4
圖 1-3. 聚苯胺結構式示意圖 6
圖 1-4. 樟腦磺酸結構式 7
圖 1-5. 樟腦磺酸與聚苯胺摻雜反應式 8
圖 1-6. 苯胺及鄰甲氧基苯胺單體的結構式 9
圖 1-7. 聚苯胺衍生物-聚鄰甲氧基苯胺結構式 9
圖 1-8. 聚己內酯結構式 10
圖 2-1. 研究架構 18
圖 2-2. 接觸角示意圖 25
圖 2-3. 循環伏安法原理示意圖 27
圖 2-4. AFM 儀器架構及工作原理示意圖 30
圖 2-5. AFM 探針受力－距離曲線圖 31
圖 2-6. ASTM 標準拉伸試片規格圖 33
圖 2-7. 本研究所架構之體外電刺激系統 35
圖 2-8. H9c2 細胞之細胞型態 36
圖 2-9. MTS 結構與反應後的產物結構 43
圖 3-1. POMA、PCL 及 POMA/PCL 電紡溶液之黏度分析 45
圖 3-2. 本研究所使用之隨機及順向電紡絲收集板 47
圖 3-3. POMA 電紡絲之 SEM 影像 49
圖 3-4. 不同濃度 PCL 電紡絲之直徑變化 50
圖 3-5. PCL 電紡絲之 SEM 影像 51
圖 3-6. 5 % POMA 與不同濃度之 PCL 混合後電紡絲之直徑變化 52
圖 3-7. 5 % POMA 與不同濃度 PCL 混合後之電紡絲 SEM 影像 53
圖 3-8. 不鏽鋼圓盤和平行金屬收集板所得之隨機或順向 POMA/PCL 電紡絲的 SEM 影像 56
圖 3-9. 以滾筒式收集板所得之 P2C8 及 P3C7 電紡絲 SEM 影像 57
圖 3-10. 以滾筒式收集板所得之摻雜與未摻雜 P2C8 及 P3C7 電紡絲SEM 影像 58
圖 3-11. POMA、PCL 和 POMA/PCL電紡絲之接觸角影像 60
圖 3-12. POMA、PCL 與 POMA/PCL 電紡絲 FTIR 圖譜 65
圖 3-13. POMA、PCL、POMA/PCL 電紡絲之 UV-Vis 吸收光譜 67
圖 3-14. P2C8、P3C7、C-P2C8 及 C-P3C7 溶液與電紡絲的 CV 曲線 69
圖 3-15. POMA、PCL 與 POMA/PCL 電紡絲熱失重分析曲線 73
圖 3-16. AFM 分析隨機與順向 POMA/PCL 電紡絲的二維及三維表面形貌影像 76
圖 3-17. POMA/PCL 電紡絲的探針受力-距離曲線 77
圖 3-18. POMA/PCL 電紡絲的應力-應變曲線 80
圖 3-19. POMA/PCL 電紡絲之體外降解現象 83
圖 3-20. H9c2 細胞生長於 POMA/PCL 電紡絲第 3 天之 SEM 影像 85
圖 3-21. H9c2 細胞生長於 POMA/PCL 電紡絲第 5 天之 SEM 影像 86
圖 3-22. H9c2 細胞生長於 POMA/PCL 電紡絲第 3 天之螢光染色影像 88
圖 3-23. H9c2 細胞生長於 POMA/PCL 電紡絲第 5 天之螢光染色影像 89
圖 3-24. H9c2 細胞於隨機與順向 POMA/PCL 電紡絲之細胞活性 92

表索引
表 3-1. 電紡 POMA、PCL 及 POMA/PCL 成絲之最佳參數 48
表 3-2. POMA、PCL 及 POMA/PCL 電紡絲之接觸角 59
表 3-3. POMA、PCL、POMA/PCL 電紡絲之 FTIR 特徵吸收峰值 62
表 3-4. POMA/PCL 電紡絲之導電率 70
表 3-5. POMA/PCL 電紡絲 TGA 分析各成分之組成比例 72
表 3-6. AFM 所量測之 POMA/PCL 電紡絲楊氏係數 75
表 3-7. POMA/PCL 電紡絲之拉伸強度及楊氏係數 79
表 3-8. POMA/PCL 電紡絲之體外降解纖維直徑 82
表 3-9. H9c2 細胞培養於隨機及順向 POMA/PCL 電紡絲之細胞活性之比數表 93
表 3-10. H9c2 細胞培養於隨機及順向 POMA/PCL 電紡絲接受電刺激後之細胞活性比數表 94

 
附錄索引
附表 A 儀器表 113
附表 B 藥品資料表 115
附圖 A. FTIR 及 UV-vis 用光譜學分析 POMA 與 PANi 之化學特性 116
附圖 B. Ghasemi-Mobarakeh 所架構之電刺激裝置 117
附圖 C. Lee 所架構之電刺激裝置 117

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