臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

亞伯提在其著作《建築十書》(De Re Aedificatoria) 中認為：建築藝術中「和諧」與「美」的展現，來自於能遵行「自然本質」(nature) 所要求之「絕對與基本的原則」，而此原則可能即是亞伯提的“concinnitas”概念。亞伯提認為在建築藝術中「美」的展現必須透過concinnitas來達成，因此本研究生認為concinnitas的概念可能為影響亞伯提建築美學觀或建築藝術作品之關鍵，故本文作者欲藉由歸結亞伯提concinnitas概念中之原則與對照觀看亞伯提之建築作品來對此議題加以論述。
本文作者針對「亞伯提《建築十書》中concinnitas概念之研究」一題，擬將本論文整體架構分為五章探討。首先比較國內外研究背景現況，再闡述本論文探討之動機、目的與研究方法，簡單評析與本論文議題相關之國內外文獻的內容。續而探討亞伯提這位藝術家生平、其《建築十書》內容與其建築美學觀，並由亞伯提對「建築藝術」與「美」的觀點建構出「亞伯提之建築美學觀」，推論亞伯提的concinnitas概念在其建築美學觀中可能存在之位置與意義價值。接著進一步探討亞伯提建築藝術觀中之concinnitas概念，從學者達達基茲 (Tatarkiewicz) 與塔弗納 (Robert Tavernor) 研究中對亞伯提concinnitas概念之分析，進一步歸納出本研究對亞伯提concinnitas之詮釋。本研究歸結亞伯提認為在建築藝術中之concinnitas三項原則為：〈一〉協調統合建築輪廓設計與結構秩序之適當手法；〈二〉建築藝術在符合本質之共通法則中展現美的方法；〈三〉建築師、建築藝術品與自然三者合一並達成和諧之途徑。再經由檢視亞伯提的五個建築作品實踐 ─【馬拉帖斯提亞諾教堂】(Tempio Malatestiano)、【盧且萊宅邸】(Palazzo Rucellai)、【新聖母堂】(Basilica di Santa Maria Novella)、【聖塞巴斯提亞諾教堂】(Basilica di San Sebanstiano)、【聖安德烈亞教堂】(Basilica di Sant’ Andrea) 之立面設計，比對與分析亞伯提《建築十書》中concinnitas之原則與其藝術實踐間之契合度與差異性。最後試就亞伯提建築美學觀之核心concinnitas與其建築藝術作品之貢獻作一總結。

In the book, De Re Aedificatoria, Leon Battista Alberti believes that expression of harmony and beauty result from the compliance of absolute and fundamental principle of nature demands. The principle might be the concept of concinnitas by Alberti. Alberti holds that beauty in architectural art must be achieved with concinnitas. Thus, the researcher infers that the concept of concinnitas may be the key to the influence of architectural aesthetics or architecture works by Alberti. The researcher attempts to expound the issue with conclusion of the principles of concinnitas and contrast views on architecture works by Alberti.
The paper, based on the title, The Study on the Concept of Concinnitas of Leon Battista Alberti’s De Re Aedificatoria, divides into five chapters. To begin, the researcher discusses domestic and foreign research background, expounds the motives, purposes and study methods in this paper with simple analysis and domestic and foreign papers on this issue. Later, the researcher explores the life of the artist, contents of the book and the architectural aesthetics. To establish architectural aesthetics of Alberti in view of architectural art and beauty in order to infer the possible position and meaning values of the concept of concinnitas in his architectural aesthetics. The concept of concinnitas is then further discussed in architectural art of Alberti. From analysis of Tatarkiewicz and Robert Tavernor on the concept of concinnitas, the researcher further concludes the interpretation of the concept of concinnitas of Alberti. This paper concludes the three principles of concinnitas of Alberti in architectural art: 1) appropriate methods for coordination and integration orders of lineaments and structures, 2) corresponding with common laws of nature, methods of beauty expression of architectural art, and 3) the way of architects, architectural art works and Nature united in one to reach harmony. The researcher then reviews façade design of five works of Alberti, Tempio Malatestiano, Palazzo Rucellai, Santa Maria Novella, San Sebanstiano and Sant’ Andrea to be compared with the agreement and differences between the principle of concinnitas and art practice. Conclusion is made at last on the contribution of core concinnitas concept of architectural aesthetics and works of Alberti.

目錄

中文摘要 i
英文摘要 ii
致謝 iii
目錄 iv

第一章 前言 1
1.1研究背景與現況探討 4
1.2研究動機與研究目的 6
1.3研究方法 9
1.4文獻探討 11
1.4.1研究亞伯提建築之相關書籍 12
1.4.2研究亞伯提建築之期刊文獻 18
1.5研究架構 21
第二章 亞伯提與其建築美學觀 25
2.1亞伯提的生平簡介 25
2.2亞伯提《建築十書》簡介 28
2.2.1亞伯提《建築十書》之初版與譯版 28
2.2.2亞伯提《建築十書》撰寫之動機與目的 29
2.2.3亞伯提《建築十書》之內容綱要 30
2.3亞伯提《建築十書》之建築美學觀 32
2.3.1建築藝術比為由建築師設計與構成之建築身體 33
2.3.2從輪廓設計到結構：建築身體之美的展現 34
2.3.3六個建築構件在和諧的關係中合為單一建築身體 38
2.3.3.1部分與整體之和諧關係 39
2.3.3.2部分與部分之對應關係 42
2.3.4學習古人 45
2.3.5小結 47
第三章 亞伯提建築藝術觀中的concinnitas概念 49
3.1達達基茲對亞伯提concinnitas概念之闡釋 50
3.1.1 concinnitas：由「和諧」而展現「美」的律法 50
3.1.2 concinnitas：將「各部分協調合為一致」的「單一結構」之準則 52
3.1.3 concinnitas：以「完美的比例」做為「形式」之規範 53
3.1.4小結 54
3.2塔佛納對亞伯提concinnitas概念之闡釋 55
3.2.1 concinnitas概念組成要素之一：數 57
3.2.2 concinnitas概念組成要素之二：形廓 59
3.2.3 concinnitas概念組成要素之三：位置 60
3.2.4小結 61
3.3本研究對亞伯提concinnitas概念之歸納與詮釋 61
3.3.1 concinnitas：協調統合建築「輪廓設計」與「結構」秩序之適當手法 62
3.3.2 concinnitas：建築藝術在符合「本質」之共通法則中展現「美」的方法 65
3.3.3 concinnitas：「建築師」、「建築藝術品」、「自然」三者「合一」並達成「和諧」之途徑 67
3.4小結 70
第四章 亞伯提concinnitas概念在其建築實踐中的落實與差異 73
4.1檢視亞伯提設計之【馬拉帖斯提亞諾教堂】立面與其concinnitas概念間之關係 74
4.1.1【馬拉帖斯提亞諾教堂】的建築背景簡介 75
4.1.2亞伯提concinnitas概念於【馬拉帖斯提亞諾教堂】立面上之應用與落差 76
4.2檢視亞伯提設計之【盧且萊宅邸】立面與其concinnitas概念間之關係 80
4.2.1【盧且萊宅邸】的建築背景簡介 81
4.2.2亞伯提concinnitas概念於【盧且萊宅邸】立面上之應用與落差 82
4.3檢視亞伯提設計之【新聖母堂】立面與其concinnitas概念間之關係 85
4.3.1【新聖母堂】的建築背景簡介 86
4.3.2亞伯提concinnitas概念於【新聖母堂】立面上之應用與落差 86
4.4檢視亞伯提設計之【聖塞巴斯提亞諾教堂】立面與其concinnitas概念間之關係 89
4.4.1【聖塞巴斯提亞諾教堂】的建築背景簡介 90
4.4.2亞伯提concinnitas概念於【聖塞巴斯提亞諾教堂】立面上之應用與落差 91
4.5檢視亞伯提設計之【聖安德烈亞教堂】立面與其concinnitas概念間之關係 93
4.5.1【聖安德烈亞教堂】的建築背景簡介 94
4.5.2亞伯提concinnitas概念於【聖安德烈亞教堂】立面上之應用與落差 95
4.6小結 100
第五章 結論 103
參考書目 105
圖表目錄 109
圖版 113
附錄 159

中文書籍
喬治•瓦薩里 (Giorgio Vasari) 著，劉明毅 譯，《著名畫家、雕塑家、建築家傳》(Lives of the Most Eminent Painters，Sculptors，and Architects)，北京：中國人民大學出版社，2004。
漢諾─沃爾特•克魯夫特 (Hanno-Walter Kruft) 著，王貴祥 譯，《建築理論史─從維特魯威到現在》，北京：中國建築工業出版社，2005。
彼德•莫瑞 (Peter Murray) 著，蔡毓芬 譯，《義大利文藝復興建築》，臺北市：地景，2000。
達達基茲 (Władysław Tatarkiewicz) 著，《西洋六大美學理念史》，劉文潭 譯，臺北市：丹青，1987。
---，《西洋古代美學》，劉文潭 譯，臺北市：聯經，1981。
褚瑞基，《建築之書I： 建築師、建築歷史》，臺北市：田園城市文化，1999。

中文期刊
傅朝卿，〈魔術般的數學分析板─亞伯提和佛羅倫斯聖母堂正立面〉，《炎黃藝術》，76期，1996年4月，頁100-106。
顧家鈞，〈文藝復興人文主義的完人─阿爾卑提〉，《藝術家》，43卷2期，1996年8月，頁298-303。
馬其方，《義大利文藝復興教堂門面的發展─從阿爾卑提到德拉•波爾塔》，臺北市：國立藝術學院美術史研究所碩士論文，1996年6月。
---，〈從阿爾卑提設計的四座教堂門面上觀察文藝復興在建築風格上的復古運動〉，《藝術學》，19期，1998年3月，頁83-136 & 138。
英文書籍
ALBERTI, Leon Battista. Translated by Rykwert, Joseph & Leach, Neil & Tavernor, Robert. On the Art of Building in Ten Books. Cambridge, Mass.: MIT Press, 1988.
---. The Ten Books of Architecture : the 1755 Leoni edition. Translated into Italian by Cosimo Bartoli; translated into English by James Leoni. New York: Dover Publications, 1986.
---. L’Architecttura (De Re Aedificatoria) 2 vols. Translated into Italian by Giovanni Orlandi; introduction and note by Paolo Portoghesi. Milano: Edizioni il Polifilo, 1966.
BLUNT, Anthony. Artistic Theory in Italy 1450-1600. Oxford ; New York: Oxford University Press, 1994.
JARZOMBEK, Mark. On Leon Baptista Alberti : His Literary and Aesthetic Theories. Cambridge, Mass. and London: MIT Press, 1989.
JOHNSON, Eugene J. S. Andrea in Mantua: The Building History. London: Pennsylvania State University Press, 1975.
KRUFT, Hanno-Walter. A History of Architectural Theory: from Vitruvius to the present. London: New York: Zwemmer; Princeton Architectural Press, 1994.
MURRAY, Peter. The Architecture of the Italian Renaissance. London: Thames and Hudson, 1986.
PANOFSKY, Erwin. Renaissance and Renascences in Western Art. New York: Haper & Row, 1972.
PAOLETTI, John T. Art in Renaissance Italy. London: Laurence King, 2001.
POLLIO, Vitruvius. On Architecture. Edited from the Harleian manuscript 2767 and translated into English by Frank Granger. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press; London: W. Heinemann, 1931-1934.
---. Ten Books On Architecture. Translated by Ingrid D. Rowland, Thomas Noble Howe, Michael J. Dewar. Cambridge; New York: Cambrige University Press, 2001.
---. The Ten Books On Architecture. Translated by MORGAN, Morris Hicky. New York: Dover, 1960.
SMITH, Christine. Architecture in the Culture of Early Humanism: Ethics, Aesthetics, and Eloquence 1400-1470. New York: Oxford University Press, 1992.
TATARKIEWICZ, Władysław. History of Aesthetics, 3 vols. The Hague: Mouton, vols.1-2, 1970 ; vol. 3, 1974.
---. A History of Six Ideas : An Essay in Aesthetics. Poland: University of Warsaw Polish Academy of Sciences, 1980.
TAVERNOR, Robert. On Alberti and the Art of Building. New Haven: Yale University Press, 1998.
VASARI, Giorgio. Lives of the Most Eminent：Painters, Sculptors, and Architects. New York: Modern Library, 1959.
WITTKOWER, Rudolf. Architectural Principles in the Age of Humanism. Chichester,
West Sussex: Academy editions, 1998.
英文期刊
WESTFALL, Carroll William. “Society, Beauty, and the Humanist Architect in Alberti’s De Re Aedificatoria,” in Studies in the Renaissance, Vol. 16 (1969) : pp. 61-79.
MACK, Charles Randall. “S. Andrea in Mantua: The Building History,” in Renaissance Quarterly, Vol. 31, No.1 (Spring, 1978) : pp. 77-79.
KUNTZ, Marion Leathers. “Renaissance Man and Creative Thinking: A History of Concepts of Harmony, 1400-1700,” in Renaissance Quarterly, Vol. 33, No.3 (Autumn, 1980) : pp. 424-427.
MARSH, David. “On the Art of Building in Ten Books; On Leon Baptista Alberti: His Literary and Aesthetic Theories,”in Renaissance Quarterly, Vol. 44, No.4 (Winter, 1991) : pp. 828-832.
AIKEN, Jane Andrews. “On Leon Baptista Alberti: His Literary and Aesthetic Theories,” in Speculum, Vol. 67, No. 1 (Jan., 1992) : pp. 162-164.
COFFIN, David R. “Architecture in the Culture of Early Humanism: Ethics, Aesthetics, and Eloquence 1400-1470,” in The American Historical Review, Vol. 98, No.4 (Oct., 1993) : pp. 1280-1281.