臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

本研究成功的將2-benzofuran、2-benzothiophene、3-benzothiophene以亞胺基連結於聚二噻吩一吡咯上，分別命名為PBF、PBT及PDA，以及將furan-2-carboxamide以醯胺基連結於聚二噻吩一吡咯上，命名為PFC。將四種陽極材料進行光電化學性質之探討，包含吸收光譜圖、光學對比值、轉換時間、顏色變化及著色效率。在單電極測試中，陽極材料以PFC高分子薄膜於液態 ([EPI+][TFSI-])的電解質中，波長位於900 nm處具有最大穿透差值60.5%，顏色變化為月黃色(-0.6 V)、黃褐色(0.2 V)、灰綠色(0.6 V)和灰藍色(1.4 V)。四種陽極材料(PBF、PBT、PDA及PFC)與不同之陰極材料(PProDOT-Bz2、PProDOT-Et2及PProDOT-Ph)搭配組成元件進行光譜電化學性質測試。組成元件後，以PFC/PProDOT-Et2元件位於波長580 nm下，具有最大穿透差值71.1%，著色效率達616.53 cm2/C，顏色變化為淡黃色(-0.6 V)、黃綠色(-0.2 V)、葉綠色(0.2 V)、暗青色(0.6 V)、藍色(1 V)、深藍色(1.4 V)，並擁有快速的轉換時間0.88秒(τc)與0.86秒(τb)，光學穩定性也有96%，且光學記憶的著色態變化率只有4%與去色態變化率只有0.5%。本研究證實單電極陽極與陰極組成元件後，不僅是增加了顏色的多變性，還增加光學對比值、光學穩定性及著色效率，並且縮短轉換時間。

2-benzofuran, 2-benzothiophene, and 3-benzothiophene units are incorporated as the pendants of polydithienylpyrroles by an imine linkage group, which are denominated as PBF, PBT, and PDA, respectively. On another aspect, a furan-2-carboxamide unit is incorporated to the side chain of polydithienylpyrrole, which is denominated as PFC. The optical and electrochemical properties of four anodically coloring materials, such as UV/Vis spectra, optical contrast, switching time, color variations, and coloration effiency are characterized. PFC film shows high ∆Tmax (60.5% at 900 nm) in an ionic liquid ([EPI+][TFSI-]) solution, and electrochromic behaviors reveal that PFC film displays moon yellow at -0.6 V, yellowish brown at 0.2 V, greyish green at 0.6 V, and greyish blue at 1.4 V. Electrochromic devices (ECDs) are fabricated using four anodically coloring polymers (PBF, PBT, PDA, and PFC) and three cathodically coloring polymers (PProDOT-Bz2, PProDOT-Et2, and PProDOT-Ph). PFC/PProDOT-Et2 ECD shows high ∆Tmax (71.1% at 580 nm) and high coloration efficiency (616.53 cm2/C at 580 nm), and electrochromic behaviors reveal that PFC/PProDOT-Et2 ECD shows light yellow at -0.6 V, yellowish green at -0.2 V, foliage green at 0.2 V, dark cyan at 0.6 V, blue at 1 V, and dark blue at 1.4 V. Moreover, PFC/PProDOT-Et2 ECD shows fast switching time (0.88 and 0.86 s for c and b, respectively), high optical stability (96% after the 100th switching cycles), and satisfactory optical memory (4% at colored state and 0.5% at bleached state), demonstrating that ECDs show not only multicolor electrochromisms but also higher optical contrast, higher optical stability, higher coloration efficiency, and shorter switching time than those of anodically coloring polymer films.

摘要 i
ABSTRACT ii
誌謝 iii
目錄 iv
表目錄 vi
圖目錄 viii
第一章 緒論 1
1-1前言 1
1-2研究動機 3
1-3電致變色簡介 5
1-3-1導電原理 6
1-3-2電致變色基本參數 8
1-3-3電致變色材料應用 10
1-3-4電致變色元件結構 12
第二章 文獻回顧 13
第三章 實驗步驟 24
3-1研究架構 24
3-2實驗藥品 25
3-3實驗儀器 26
3-4 ITO玻璃清洗 26
3-5實驗裝置 27
3-5-1電化學聚合 27
3-5-2薄膜在液態環境下的電化學與光學性質測試 28
3-5-3元件的電化學與光學性質測試 29
3-6實驗合成 30
3-6-1陽極材料SNS系列導電高分子單體合成 30
3-6-2陰極材料ProDOT系列導電高分子單體合成 42
3-6-3離子液體合成 48
3-7高分子電解質膜的製備 50
第四章 結果與討論 51
4-1導電高分子電化學性質 51
4-1-1導電高分子陽極之電化學聚合 51
4-1-2導電高分子陰極之電化學聚合 57
4-1-3定電位聚合法 59
4-1-4導電高分子薄膜分析 60
4-2 四種陽極材料導電高分子薄膜在液態下之光學測試 62
4-2-1導電高分子薄膜In-situ UV-Vis光學吸收值 63
4-2-2導電高分子薄膜之穿透度變化及穩定性 77
4-2-3探討四種高分子薄膜之穿透度變化、穩定性、轉換時間及著色效率 86
4-3 SNS系列薄膜組成元件之光學性質探討 95
4-3-1十二種元件In-situ UV-Vis光學吸收度 96
4-3-2十二種元件之穿透度 132
4-3-3十二種元件之穿透度、穩定性、轉換時間及著色效率 157
4-3-4十二種元件之多圈循環電化學穩定性 166
4-3-5十二種元件之光學記憶效應 173
4-3-6本研究SNS系列電致變色與文獻比較 179
第五章 結論 180
參考文獻 181

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