臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

中文摘要
資訊產品遭淘汰而被棄置時，若沒有適當的處置，便會對環境品質造成負面的影響。目前筆記型電腦塑膠外殼並未加以回收再利用，殊為可惜，若能以熱裂解法處理廢塑膠，將廢塑膠分解成有用的物質，對資源回收再利用應有相當的助益。筆記型電腦塑膠外殼主要材質為聚碳酸酯/丙烯腈-丁二烯-苯乙烯(PC/ABS)，經由元素分析儀分析碳、氫、氮與氧所佔的重量百分比分別為76.18、5.73、0.92與16.80％。動力分析方面，在氮氣/空氣中熱裂解PC/ABS樹脂，利用不同的升溫速率(分別為2、5及10℃/min)，來獲得不同加熱速率的重量消失曲線。PC/ABS在氮氣與空氣中的熱裂解反應，可分別以一個總括反應速率方程式表示：
在氮氣中
dX/dt = 0.44dX1/dt + 0.56dX2/dt
dX1/dt = 1.73×1010(1-X1)0.67exp(-36.4/RT)
dX2/dt = 3.33×1012(1-X2)0.72exp(-46.6/RT)
在空氣中
dX/dt = 0.4dX1/dt + 0.3dX2/dt + 0.3dX3/dt
dX1/dt = 1.33×107(1-X1)0.69exp(-25/RT)
dX2/dt = 3.6×108(1-X2)0.57exp(-30.7/RT)
dX3/dt = 6011(1-X3)0.51exp(-19/RT)
產物分析方面，廢電腦塑膠物質在氮氣中恆溫裂解之氣體、粗裂解油及固體殘餘物百分比分別約為29 ％、52 ％及19 ％。
關鍵字：熱裂解、PC/ABS樹脂

Abstract
When the information products were discarded, it will cause the influence to the environment if there are not treated properly. The plastic in notebook computer is one of the information wastes. If we can treat these plastics with the pyrolysis method and convert the plastics into useful materials, it will be very helpful to the recycling of the resources. The plastics in notebook computer are composed of polycarbonate/acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (PC/ABS).The principal elements in PC/ABS were analysed by Elemental Analyzer (EA). The results indicated that the percentages of carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen and oxygen were 76.18, 5.73, 0.92, and 16.8％, respectively. The analyses of the kinetics of ABS pyrolysis in nitrogen/air were performed at the heating rates of 2, 5, and 10℃/min, respectively. The kinetic parameters were obtained by the weight-losing curves. The pyrolysis of PC/ABS in nitrogen/air can be expressed by the overall rate equations, respectively, as:
in nitrogen
dX/dt = 0.44dX1/dt + 0.56dX2/dt
dX1/dt = 1.73×1010(1-X1)0.67exp(-36.4/RT)
dX2/dt = 3.33×1012(1-X2)0.72exp(-46.6/RT)
in air
dX/dt = 0.4dX1/dt + 0.3dX2/dt + 0.3dX3/dt
dX1/dt = 1.33×107(1-X1)0.69exp(-25/RT)
dX2/dt = 3.6×108(1-X2)0.57exp(-30.7/RT)
dX3/dt = 6011(1-X3)0.51exp(-19/RT)
The products of the analysis of waste plastics in notebook computer includes gas, oil, and residue, which the percentage were 29, 52, and 19％, respectively, by the pyrolysis in nitrogen.
Key Words：pyrolysis、PC/ABS

目錄
封面內頁 頁次
簽名頁
授權書 iii
中文摘要 v
英文摘要 vii
誌謝 ix
目錄 x
圖目錄 xiii
表目錄 xvi
符號說明 xvii
第一章 緒論 1
1.1 研究緣起 1
1.2 研究目的 4
1.3 研究內容與方法 4
第二章 文獻回顧與基本理論 7
2.1 PC/ABS樹脂性質之介紹 7
2.2 PC/ABS熱裂解之相關研究 9
2.3 動力學基本理論分析 16
第三章 實驗設備與分析方法 23
3.1 實驗設備與材料 23
3.1.1 熱重量分析系統(TGA)及熱裂解爐系統 23
3.1.2 實驗操作條件 29
3.1.3 實驗步驟 31
3.1.4 採樣方法 33
3.1.5 液體產物分餾 35
3.2 分析方法 35
3.2.1 三成分分析 35
3.2.2 元素分析 39
3.2.3 反應熱量測 41
3.2.4 氣體產物成分分析 41
3.2.5 液體產物成分分析 44
3.2.6 液體產物燃燒熱分析 46
3.2.7 液體產物黏度分析 47
3.2.8 固體殘餘物灰分分析 47
第四章 結果與討論 50
4.1 樣品成分分析 50
4.1.1 三成分分析 50
4.1.2 元素分析 50
4.1.3 無氧裂解反應熱量測 50
4.2 廢筆記型電腦塑膠物質反應動力模式之建立 53
4.3 氣體產物分析 76
4.4 液體產物分析 76
4.4.1 固、液體百分比組成分析 76
4.4.2 粗裂解油分餾後之產物分析 80
4.4.3 粗裂解油分餾後之產物黏度分析 85
4.4.4 液體產物燃燒熱分析 85
4.5 固體殘餘物分析 85
4.5.1 固體殘餘物之元素分析 85
4.5.2 固體殘餘物之固定碳分析 95
4.5.3 固體殘餘物之掃描式電子顯微鏡(SEM)分析 95
第五章 結論與建議 99
5.1 結論 99
5.2 建議 100
參考文獻 101
附錄A 動力學分析方法 105
附錄B 石油分餾產品 107

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