臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

街燈是城市建設中必要之項目，卻無任何有效管理監控系統以維護街燈之正常運作。在台灣，每當遇到大型地震或豪雨時，常造成電力中斷。此時山區會因電線桿倒塌，使街燈無法提供第一時間緊急照明。為了達到省電、緊急照明以及監測的目的，本研究提出以LED（Light Emitting Diode）為照明基礎，搭配MSP430微控制器、太陽能電池、各種感測器及Zigbee無線傳輸系統。希望能夠提高街燈管理及維修效率，可智能改變照明亮度且於停電時能夠提供緊急照明。相關感測器訊號交由MSP430微控制器作處理控制，最後使用Zigbee無線傳輸之網狀拓墣方式，將各街燈相關訊息回傳至中繼站。
中繼站及終端監控站之監控系統使用VB（Visual Basic）及Google Map搭配Ajax（Asynchronous JavaScript and XML）技術，將接收到之各街燈相關資訊以XML格式傳回終端監控站，並顯示於Google Map上，監控者可選擇監控之區域或是路段之全街燈狀態。此外，監控者可於Google Map上直接點選街燈圖示觀看相關資訊。本文以總消耗功率為2.88W之LED燈模擬街燈，當LED燈無法正常運作時，監控軟體上會將故障LED燈標示為紅色，正常白天運作下，圖示為綠色，夜間為黃色。

Streetlights are necessary for an urban area. However, there is no an effective monitoring system to maintain their functions for normal operating. In Taiwan, power outages occur frequently in the mountain areas whenever a typhoon or earthquake strikes. The lamppost fixed in mountain areas often collapse so that the streetlights are unable to provide emergency lighting. For the purpose of energy saving, emergency lighting and monitoring, we proposes an LED based light monitoring system, which combines an MSP430 microcontroller, solar cells and various sensing elements with a Zigbee radio transmission. We hope to enhance the performance efficiently in the management and maintenance of streetlights. This can be done by changing the luminance intelligently and providing emergency lighting in times of power outages.
All of signals taken from sensors are processed in the MSP430 microcontroller. Finally, using the Zigbee wireless transmission of the mesh topology approach, the information relative to lights will be transmitted back to a relay station.
Relay station and the terminal control station of the monitoring system that uses VB (Visual Basic) and Ajax (Asynchronous JavaScript and XML) technology by means of Google Map will receive information of each streetlight to XML format, and then send to the terminal control station and display on the Google Map. Users can monitor the streetlight of within the selected region. In addition, user can directly click the light icons on the Map to view their information. In this dissertation, the simulated LED light whose total power consumption is 2.88W. When the LED light is not working, the LED lights will be marked a red icon as a fault; and the icon is green under normal operation in the daytime but yellow at night.

中文摘要 I
英文摘要 III
誌謝 V
圖目錄 IX
表目錄 XIII
一、序論 1
1.1 研究背景 1
1.2 研究動機與目的 2
1.3 文獻回顧與探討 3
二、街燈發展概況與相關規範 5
2.1 道路照明監控管理概況 5
2.2 傳統路燈與LED路燈比較 7
2.3 街燈設計與架設相關規定 9
三、系統設計 12
3.1 系統架構 12
3.2 硬體設計 13
3.2.1 感測裝置 14
3.2.1.1 CdS光敏電阻 14
3.2.1.2 溫度感測器 16
3.2.1.3 濕度感測器 18
3.2.1.4 人體紅外線感測器 21
3.2.2 太陽能電池 26
3.2.3 Zigbee無線傳輸裝置 29
3.2.3.1 Zig-100b簡介 30
3.2.3.2 Zig-100b操作方式 33
3.2.3.3 Zig-100b 工作模式 34
3.2.4 微控制器MSP430 36
3.2.4.1 ADC設定與轉換 40
3.2.4.2 LED之PWM輸出控制 41
3.3 軟體設計 43
3.3.1 Google Map 43
3.3.2 Google Map基本設置 44
3.3.3 使用GMarker地標 47
3.3.4 新增資訊視窗GInfoWindow物件 50
3.3.5使用GXmlHttp物件 54
3.3.6 軟體流程圖 56
3.3.7 Visual Basic 57
四、系統整合與驗證 60
4.1 硬體架設與測試 60
4.2 軟硬體整合測試 66
五、討論與未來發展 69
5.1 討論 69
5.2 未來發展 70
六、參考文獻 71
附錄A 73

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