臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

本研究於不完美生產系統(n+1)次配送模式，探討其最佳生產批量與最佳配送之決策。在一般存貨管理課程中之案例，都以完美生產或一次配送等單一情況做探討，考量之情況與業界差距甚大，在實際生產上一定會有不良品的產生，而配送的方式並非都以全部生產完成後進行一次配送，在不同的產品，不同的生產方式下，其配送方式就有各種不同的成本考量，故學習之案例，並無法提供實際生產情況上決策的參考。
本研究以不同於已往之配送方式，製造商在t時間生產後進行第一次配送，以滿足顧客在t1時間內之需求，再以定量方式進行n次配送，數學模式建構之考量，包含製造端與顧客端二者之存貨成本進行推導，在期望年存貨總成本最小化下，求得最佳生產批量與最佳配送次數，以實例驗証分析本研究節省成本之效益，提供業界在不同情況下，決策時有更佳之模式可供參考。

This paper explores the optimal production quantity and optimal distribution strategies based on the (n+1) distribution model of imperfection production system. Generally, the cases in the inventory management course mainly focus on either perfect production or individual situation. However, the situations we take into account are very different from those actually happen in the real business field leading to defective items from the actual production. In addition, the production is not distributed together after the production process is completely finished. There are different production methods regarding different products. The distribution methods can vary while considering a variety of cost. Therefore, those cases we have studied can not provide us the actual picture of the production.
This study applies different distribution method- manufacturers will conduct first distribution after spending t time for the production in order to satisfy customer’s need within t1. Next, we will apply quantitative method to conduct n distribution. Mathematical model structure is taken into account including promoting inventory cost to both manufacturers and customers. We expect to get the optimal production quantity and optimal number of distribution with the minimum inventory cost. Therefore, cost-effectiveness from the actual cases will be analyzed to provide more options in different business situations.

中文摘要 .................................................I
Abstract ................................................II
誌謝 ...............................................III
目錄 ...............................................IV
圖目錄 ...............................................VI
表目錄 ...............................................VII
第一章 緒論 ........................................1
1.1 研究動機與目的 ........................................1
1.2 研究範圍與界定 ........................................2
1.3 研究方法 ........................................3
1.4 研究之流程與架構圖 ...............................3
第二章 文獻探討 ........................................6
2.1 經濟訂購批量(EOQ)與經濟生產批量(EPQ) .............6
2.2 多次配送相關文獻 ...............................7
2.3 整合供應商和購買者相關之文獻 ......................9
2.4 研究具有不良品相關文獻 ..............................10
2.5報廢品相關文獻 .......................................13
第三章 不完美生產系統之(n+1)次配送策略之模型建構 ..17
3.1 問題描述 .......................................17
3.2 參數符號定義 .......................................18
3.3 建立模型與公式推導 ..............................19
第四章 實例驗証與敏感度分析 ..............................37
4.1 實例驗証與敏感度分析 ..............................38
4.2. 模式分析比較 .......................................43
第五章 結論與未來研究方向 ..............................45
5.1 結論 ................................................45
5.2 未來研究方向 .......................................46
參考文獻 ................................................47

圖目錄
圖1-1 1999年美國存貨總投資金額 ......................2
圖1-2 研究流程與架構圖 ...............................5
圖3-1 n+1次配送之供應商良品存貨圖 .....................20
圖3-2 n+1次配送之供應商不良品存貨圖 .....................22
圖3-3 配送至購買者存貨圖 ..............................22
圖3-4 兩次配送之良品圖 ..............................23
圖3-5 三次配送之良品圖 ..............................24
圖3-5 四次配送之良品圖 ..............................24
圖4-1 生產批量與各項成本關係圖 .....................39
圖4-2 配送次數與各項成本相關係 .....................40
圖4-3 不良率與期望年存貨總成本相關係圖 ............41
圖4-3 不良率與最佳生產批量相關係圖 .....................41
圖4-4 不良率與各項成本相關係圖 .....................42
圖4-5生產批量與配送次數對期望年存貨總成相關曲線圖 ..43
圖4-6 n次配送與(n+1)次配送期望年存貨成本之差異分析 ..44
圖4-7 n次配送與(n+1)次配送各種成本之差異分析 ...........44


表目錄
表3-1 (n+1)次配送存貨模型之符號參數表 ...........18
表4-1 實例驗証數據假設 .............................38

[1]Aderohunmu, R., Mobolurin, A., and Bryson, N. Joint vendor-buyer policy in JIT manufacturing. (1995) Journal of the Operational Research Society, 46 (3), 375-385
[2]Agnihothri, S.R. and Kenett, R.S., “The impact of defects on a process with rework”, European Journal of Operational Research, Vol. 80, Issue 2, pp.308-327 (1995)
[3]Agnihothri, S.R.and Kenett, R.S., “Integrated production-inventory models for imperfect production processes under inspection schedules”, Computers and Industrial Engineering, Vol. 44, Issue 4, pp.633-650 (2003)
[4]Beatriz Abdul-Jalbar, Jose’ M. Gutie’ rrez, Joaquı’n Sicilia, “An integrated inventory model for the single-vendor two-buyer problem”, Int. J. Production Economics, 108, 246–258 (2007)
[5]Ben-Daya, M., Noman, S.M. and Hariga M., “Integrated inventory control and inspection policies with deterministic demand”, Computers & Operations Research 33 pp.1625–1638 (2006)
[6]Cheng, T.C.E., “An economic order quantity model with demand-dependent unit production cost and imperfect production process,” IIE Transactions, Vol. 23,No. 1, pp.23-28 (1991)
[7]Chiu, Y.P. and Chiu, S.W., “An economic production quantity model with the rework process of repairable defective items”, Journal of information & optimization sciences, Vol. 24, No. 3,
[8]Chiu, S.W., Gong, Dah-chuan and Wee, Hui-Ming, “Effects of random defective rate and imperfect Rework Process on economic production quantity model”, Janpan Journal of Industrial & Applied Mathmatics, vol. 21, No. 3, pp. 375-389 (2004)
[9]Chiu, S.W. and Chiu, Y.P., “The finite production model with the rework of defective items”, International Journal of Industrial Engineering, Vol. 12, No. 1, pp.15-20 (2005)
[10]Chiu, Singa Wang, “Determining the optimal lot size for the finite production model with an imperfect rework process of defective items”, Journal of Information & Optimization Sciences, Vol. 25, No. 1, pp. 105-119 (2004)
[11]Diponegoro, Ahmad, Sarker, Bhaba R., “Finite horizon planning for a production system with permitted shortage and fixed-interval deliveries”, Computers & Operations Research, 33, 2387–2404 (2006)
[12]Ojha, D. Sarker, B. R. and Biswas, P., “An optimal batch size for an imperfect production system with quality assurance and rework”, International Journal of Production Research, Vol. 45, No. 14, 15 July 2007, 3191–3214(2007)
[13]Ertogral, K., Darwish, M., Ben-Daya, M., “Production and shipment lot sizing in a vendor–buyer supply chain with transportation cost”, European Journal of Operational Research, 176, 1592–1606 (2007)
[14]Goyal, S.K., Huang, C.-K., Chen, K.-C. “A simple integrated production policy of an imperfect item for vendor and buyer”, Production Planning and Control, 14 (7), 596-602(2003)
[15]Goyal, S.K. “Integrated Inventory Model for a Single Supplier - Single Customer Problem”, International Journal of Production Research, 15 (1), 107-111(1977)
[16]Goyal, S.K. and Gupta, Y.P. “Integrated inventory models: The buyer-vendor coordination,” European Journal of Operational Research, 41 (3), 261-269 (1989)
[17]Goyal, S.K. and Nebebe, F. ”Determination of economic production–shipment policy for a single-vendor-single-buyer system”, European Journal of Operational Research, 121 (1), 175-178(2000)
[18]Harris, Ford.W., “How many parts to make at once?,” The Magazines of Management, Vol. 10,pp.135-152 (1913)
[19]Hayek, P.A. and Salameh, M.K., “Production lot sizing with the reworking of imperfect quality items produced”, Production Planning and Control, Vol. 12,pp.584-590 (2001)
[20]Hill R.M., “The optimal production and shipment policy for the single-vendor single buyer integrated production-inventory problem”, International Journal of Production Research, vol. 37, no. 11, 2463-2475 (1999)
[21]Huang, C.-K. “An integrated vendor-buyer cooperative inventory model for items with imperfect quality”, Production Planning and Control, 13 (4), 355-361(2002)
[22]Inderfurth, K., Kovalyov, M.Y., Ng, C.T. and Werner, F., “Cost minimizing scheduling of work and rework processes on a single facility under deterioration of reworkables”, International Journal of Production Economics, Vol. 105, pp. 345-356 (2007)
[23]Jung, Hoon and Cerry M. Klein, “Optimal inventory policies for an economic order quantity model with decreasing cost functions”, European Journal of Operational Research, 165, pp 108–126 (2005)
[24]Kim, C.H., Hong, Y. and Kim, S.Y., “An extended optimal lot sizing model with an unreliable machine”, Production Planning and Control 8 (6), 577–585 (1997)
[25]Lee, H.L. “Lot sizing to reduce capacity utilization in production process with defective items, process corrections, and rework”, Management Science, 38(9), 1314–1328 (1992)
[26]Leung, Kit-Nam Francis, “A generalized geometric-programming solution to “An economic production quantity model with flexibility and reliability considerations””, European Journal of Operational Research, 176, 240–251 (2007)
[27]Liu, J. J. and Yang, P., “Optimal lot-sizing in an imperfect production system with homogeneous reworkable jobs”, European Journal of Operational Research, Vol. 91, pp.517-527 (1996)
[28]Lu Lu, “A one-vendor multi-buyer integrated inventory model”, European Journal of Operational Research, 81, 312-323(1995)
[29]Rosenblatt, M.J. and Lee, H.L. , “Economic production cycles with imperfect production processes”, IIE Transactions, Vol. 18, pp. 48-55 (1986)
[30]Sarker, Bhaba R., Parija, Gyana R., “Optimal batch size and raw material ordering policy for a production system with a fixed-interval, lumpy demand delivery system”, European Journal of Operational Research, 89, 593-608 (1996)
[31]Siajadi, Hans, Ibrahim, Raafat N., Lochert, Paul B., “Joint economic lot size in distribution system with multiple shipment policy”, Int. J. Production Economics, 102, 302–316 (2006)
[32]Salameh, M.K. and Jaber, M.Y., “Economic production quantity model for items with imperfect quality”, International Journal of Production Economics, Vol. 64, pp.59-64 (2000)
[33]Sarker, Ruhul A., Khan, Lutfar R., “An optimal batch size for a production system operating under periodic delivery policy”, Computers & Industrial Engineering, 37, 711-730 (1999)
[34]Schwaller, R.L., “EOQ under inspection costs”, Production and Inventory Management . Vol. 29, pp.22-24 (1988)
[35]Taft, E.W., “The most economical production lot”, The Iron Age, Vol. 101, May 30, pp.1410-1412 (1918).
[36]Walter, C.D.J., Inventory control and management (Chichester. Wiley) (1994)
[37]Wu, K.S. and Ouyang, L.Y., “(Q,r,L) Inventory model with defective items”, Computers and Industrial Engineering, Vol. 39, Issue 1-2, pp. 173-185 (2001)
[38]Yang, P.C., , Wee, H.M., “A single-vendor and multiple-buyers production–inventory policy for a deteriorating item”, European Journal of Operational Research, 143, 570–581 (2002)
[39]Zhang, X. and Gerchak, Y., “Joint lot sizing and inspection policy in and EOQ model with random yield”, IIE Transactions, Vol. 22, pp. 41 (1990)
[40]王聖嘉，「探討經濟生產批量模式含不良品重工之最佳決策」，博士論文，中原大學工業工程研究所，台中(2003)。
[41]林芝安，「在不完美重工生產系統下探討定量多次配送對生產批量與配送次數之最佳決策」，碩士論文，朝陽科技大學工管所，台中(2009)。
[42]吳碧玉，「不完美品質生產系統之最佳經濟生產批量之探討」，碩士論文，朝陽科技大學工管所，台中(2002)。
[43]趙皇傑，「在含不良品重工修復程序之生產環境下的重要決策分析」，碩士論文，私立朝陽科技大學工業工程與管理所，台中(2004)
[44]蔡依齡，「允許部分欠撥下不完美生產系統之經濟批量」，碩士論文，私立真理大學管理科學研究所，台北(2003)
[45]劉尚智，「研究定量多次配送與含不良品重工失敗率因素之最佳生產批量決策」，碩士論文，朝陽科技大學工管所，台中(2008)。
[46]胡豐麟，「探討含報廢品且多次定量配送之最佳生產批量決策」，碩士論文，朝陽科技大學工管所，台中(2008)。