臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

有鑑於定向行動能力訓練對視障者的重要性，本研究整合3D虛擬場景、環繞音效系統與體感互動裝置，建置一套數位化定向行動訓練系統，提供視障者練習探索環境物件與辨識物件發聲位置，進而協助建構其心理地圖，以對應環境空間之關係。研究者將訓練內容設定為一般人最常接觸的廚房與客廳場景，並結合遊戲元素，運用得分回饋、隨機任務、語音提示與故事題材等，增加趣味性，讓視障者漸進地學習定向行動與建構心理地圖之技能。
透過實驗，受測者在八個訓練關卡學習摸索環境物件，以及完成隨機發聲任務之物品搜尋，最後以16宮格板建構關卡場景之心理地圖，以供研究者進行訓練成效評估。研究發現，在為期一個月的追蹤實驗，四位受測者建構心理地圖的正確率有上升、耗費時間有遞減的趨勢，顯示此一訓練系統具有良好的學習效果。此外，問卷調查亦顯示視障者對本系統具有高度認同，認為可提供具體幫助。研究者進一步還發現，受測者在摸索物品尋路的過程，有愈來愈傾向使用格柵法策略之趨勢。綜觀來說，以本系統學習定向行動與建構心理地圖為一可行方案，相信能協助視障者有效學習技能，並應用於真實生活。

In view of theimportance on training of orientation and mobility skills for visually impaired people, a digital training system has been developed. The training system are integrated with 3D virtual scenes, surround sound systems and motion-sensing interactive devices. The purpose is to provide blind people the practice of exploring environmental objects and identifying the location of a detected sound in direction, and further help the construction of their psychological maps, corresponding to the space. The scenes in the training system are set to the places, kitchen and living room, where people spend much time at home. Combined with game elements, feedback score, random tasks, voice prompts and story themes, this system raises the fun to make visually impaired people progressively learn skills of orientation and mobility and the construction of psychological maps. By experiment, the participants learn to explore the surrounding objects in eight training levels and complete the tasks of searching out the objects which make sound randomly. And then, they construct psychological maps of level scenes on a 4 by 4 grid plate as an outcome for researchers to evaluate the training effectiveness. Through a month-long experiment tracking, four participants show the evidence of an increasing correct rate in the construction of psychological maps and a decreasing tendency in time-consuming. The findings display that this digital training system has a good learning effect for orientation and mobility training. The survey also shows that this system is highly valued by visually impaired people for its specific assistance. Furthermore, the result indicates an increasing tendency that participants use the grid method as the strategy in the process of way-finding. Overall, it is a practicable scheme to employ this system in orientation and mobility training and the construction of psychological maps, as well as in the technical assistance for visually impaired people in effective skill learning and in practical application for their daily life.

摘要....................................................................................................................... I
Abstract ................................................................................................................ II
誌謝.....................................................................................................................III
圖目錄............................................................................................................... VII
表目錄................................................................................................................ XI
第一章緒論.........................................................................................................1
1.1研究背景與動機.........................................................................................1
1.2研究目的......................................................................................................4
1.3研究架構......................................................................................................5
第二章文獻回顧.................................................................................................7
2.1視覺障礙者之定義與特徵.........................................................................7
2.2定向與行動................................................................................................10
2.3心理地圖....................................................................................................11
2.4尋路模式....................................................................................................12
2.5體感技術與遊戲.......................................................................................14
2.6遊戲式學習................................................................................................17
2.6.1數位遊戲之意涵.................................................................................17
2.6.2數位遊戲與學習.................................................................................18
第三章系統設計與原理...................................................................................21
3.1系統開發與工具.......................................................................................22
3.1.1環繞音響─ 5.1聲道.........................................................................22
3.1.2 Kinect感應裝置簡介..........................................................................24
3.1.3 Unity3D遊戲引擎..............................................................................25
3.2系統功能與介面.......................................................................................27
3.2.1系統功能.............................................................................................27
3.2.2系統介面.............................................................................................28
3.3學習系統的場景建構...............................................................................31
3.4系統操作流程...........................................................................................33
第四章實驗數據分析與結果...........................................................................37
4.1實驗對象....................................................................................................38
4.2實驗設計與流程.......................................................................................40
4.3實驗數據分析...........................................................................................44
4.3.1第一階段實驗數據分析.....................................................................45
4.3.2第二階段實驗數據分析.....................................................................47
4.4尋路模式與問卷調查分析.......................................................................88
4.4.1尋路模式分析.....................................................................................88
4.4.2問卷調查.............................................................................................99
4.5視障者與非視障者實驗結果比較.........................................................101
第五章結論與未來研究.................................................................................106
5.1結論..........................................................................................................106
5.2未來研究..................................................................................................107
參考文獻...........................................................................................................109
中文部分........................................................................................................109
英文部分........................................................................................................111
附錄A...............................................................................................................113

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