臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

設計可靠且經濟的高壓高頻變壓器，必須預先瞭解其內部的溫度分佈情形。為了解析變壓器的熱傳，本論文首先建構變壓器的模型，再利用三維有限元素法來進行分析。因為變壓器的構造複雜，使用的材料及電磁特性互異，如鐵芯、高低壓繞組、絕緣層及絕緣油等，若僅使用二維模型來分析，則無法完整地描述問題的全貌，但應用三維模型作分析時，將耗費許多計算時間。為簡化分析，本文配合適當的三維四面體元素建立，推導高低壓繞組的等效熱傳導係數，以得到合理的答案。

To design a reliable and economical high voltage and high frequency transformer, it is necessary to be able to predict accurately the temperature distribution within the transformer. For thermal analysis, this thesis presents a model for the transformer. Then, the three-dimensional finite element method is conducted to analyze. Due to the complicated physical geometry of the transformer, such as the anisotropic nature of the iron, low and high voltage windings, insulation layers and insulation oil, a two-dimensional thermal model can not describe the problem accurately. Hence, a three-dimensional thermal model is employed for this analysis. To reduce the simulation time, the equivalent thermal conductivities for low and high voltage windings are derived based on the choice of proper size of three-dimensional tetrahedral elements. Reasonable results are obtained.

摘要 i
Abstract ii
誌謝 iii
目錄 iv
圖目錄 vii
表目錄 xii
縮寫及符號對照表 xii
第一章 緒論 1
1.1 研究動機 1
1.2 文獻研讀 2
1.3 研究方法 3
1.4 本論文的貢獻 4
1.5 論文內容概述 5
第二章 三維熱傳分析 6
2.1 三維熱傳支配方程式 6
2.2三維熱傳穩態有限元素方程式推導 7
2.3 三維有限元素分析流程 9
第三章 高壓高頻變壓器模型之建構 15
3.1變壓器的規格 15
3.2變壓器之尺寸與分析模型 16
3.2.1變壓器規格與尺寸 16
3.2.2變壓器分析模型 16
3.3 等效熱傳導率 17
3.3.1變壓器鐵芯之等效熱傳導率 17
3.3.2低壓繞組之等效熱傳導率 18
3.3.3高壓繞組之等效熱傳導率 19
3.4 熱源計算 21
3.4.1變壓器鐵芯熱源分佈 21
3.4.2低壓側繞組熱源分佈 21
3.4.3高壓側繞組熱源分佈 22
3.4.4整流設備熱源分佈 22
3.5 高壓高頻變壓器分析結果 23
第四章 影響變壓器溫昇的要素 55
4.1 工作頻率對變壓器溫昇之影響 55
4.2 鐵芯材質對變壓器溫昇之影響 55
4.3 負載電流對變壓器溫昇之影響 56
4.4 二極體規格對PCB溫昇之影響 57
4.5 對整體效率之影響 58
第五章 結論 66
參考文獻 68
作者簡介 72

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