臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

PAHs(多環芳香羥碳氫化合物)在環境中的分布是很廣泛的，它主
要是經由石化燃料不完全的燃燒所產生的﹔汽機車的發散亦是主要
的發散源之一。根據IARC的定義，某些PAHs物質為疑似致癌物質，
若其大量存在於空氣中，對國人健康亦會產生極大的衝擊。
本研究嘗試開發以中毛細管柱配合HPLC/Fluorescence來進行
PAHs的分離分析，採樣則以高流量採樣器配合玻璃纖維濾紙，針對
台中市區大氣中的PM10粉塵中的PAHs進行採樣分析。品保品管方
面，五種PAHs物質的檢量線r值都大於0.995﹔另外，經由數次重複
分析的再現性其CV值都在1%左右﹔空白濾紙與實際採樣樣本的添
加回收率測試也都在90%以上。在偵測極限的測試方面，中毛細管柱
的分析感度比起一般管柱有更佳的表現。利用毛細管柱來作PAHs的
分離分析不但可以增加分析的效率，且可以有效的減少廢液產生。
應用在環境的實際採樣分析，針對台中市區大氣中的PM10粉塵
進行PAHs的萃取分析，樣品的前處理利用Acetonitrile(ACN)溶劑和
超音波萃取方法進行。分析結果顯示，台中市區大氣中PAHs以
B(ghi)P濃度最高，以pyrene濃度最低。針對污染來源分析方面，
B(a)P/B(ghi)P小於0.6，表示台中市區大氣中PAHs來源屬於移動性
污染源，所以應即早建立完善的大眾運輸系統，方能有效減少PAHs
的發散源。

PAHs (Polycyclic Aromatic Hydroxycarbon) , largely formed by
incomplete combustion of petrochemical fuel , have extensive sources of creation . Besides the automobile is another emission sources of PAHs . According to the definition of IARC , some PAHs are suspented as carcinogens and can produce substantial risk to human health .
In the research , we investigated the collected the PM10 solid-phase particles in Taichung by the high-volumn sampler with glass fiber filters The research goal was to develop new methods for analysis with an HPLC/fluorescence detector equipped with a semi-micro column . The result showed the cofficient of five PAHs compound was larger than 0.995 . The cofficient of varition of through ten-times repeated analysis was about 1% , and the spike recovery of samples and blank filters was 90% . The semi-micro column had the batter results than the common column in analysis sensitivity .
According to the results , the HPLC with a semi-micro column for PAHs analysis is a good method to develop . And we used this method for the environment sampler analysis .To study PAHs in the Taichung airborne particles , we use ultrasonication with Acetonitrile to extraction of the samples collected from PM10 solid-phase particles . The highest concentration of PAHs in Taichung air was B(ghi)P and the lowest was pyrene .

中文摘要…………………………………………………………………Ⅰ
英文摘要…………………………………………………………………Ⅱ
目錄………………………………………………………………………Ⅲ
表目錄……………………………………………………………………Ⅴ
圖目錄……………………………………………………………………Ⅵ
第一章 緒論………………………………………………….………1
1-1 前言………………………………………………………………1
1-2 研究目的…………………………………………………………3
第二章 文獻探討…………………………………………….………4
2-1 PAHs的物質特性…………………………………………………4
2-2 PAHs的形成機轉與反應…………………………………………5
2-3 PAHs的來源………………………………………………………6
2-3-1 自然污染源 …………………………….……………………6
2-3-2 人為污染源……………………………………………………6
2-4 PAHs的環境分布…………………………………………..……8
2-5 PAHs的粒徑分布…………………………………………………8
2-6 PAHs的暴露途徑…………………………………………………9
2-7 PAHs的致癌性與致突變性………………………………………10
2-8 PAHs的生物偵測指標……………………………………………11
2-9 PAHs萃取分析方法的比較………………………………………12
第三章 材料與方法………………………………………………….14
3-1 實驗材料與器具…………………………………………………14
3-1-1 使用試劑與溶劑………………………………………………14
3-1-2 實驗器材………………………………………………………14
3-1-3 儀器設備………………………………………………………15
3-2 分析方法與品保品管的建立……………………………………16
3-2-1 PAHs的分析條件………………………………………………16
3-2-2 檢量線的建立…………………………………………………16
3-2-3 重複分析的穩定性……………………………………………17
3-2-4 偵測極限的測試………………………………………………17
3-2-5 添加回收率試驗………………………………………………17
3-3 環境實際採樣分析………………………………………………18
3-3-1 採樣時間與地點………………………………………………18
3-3-2 樣品採集與保存………………………………………………18
3-3-3 樣品的萃取分析………………………………………………19
第四章 結果與討論………………………………………………….20
4-1 分析條件的建立…………………………………………………20
4-2 檢量線分析結果…………………………………………………21
4-3 添加回收率分析結果……………………………………………21
4-4 重複分析之再現性結果…………………………………………22
4-5 偵測極限分析結果………………………………………………22
4-6 QC樣本分析結果…………………………………………………22
4-7 台中市區大氣中粉塵濃度………………………………………23
4-8 台中市區PAHs分析結果探討……………………………………23
第五章 結論與建議………………………………………………….25
第六章 參考文獻…………………………………………………….26
表目錄
表1 16種PAHs物質的基本特性………………………………………34
表2 PAHs螢光檢測器分析波長………………………………………35
表3 一般管柱之PAHs分析條件………………………………………36
表4毛細管柱之PAHs分析條件……………………………………….36
表5 檢量線分析結果…………………………………………………37
表6 一般管柱之空白濾紙與樣本添加回收率………………………38
表7 毛細管柱之空白濾紙與樣本添加回收率………………………39
表8 一般與毛細管柱分析之再現性…………………………………40
表9毛細管柱偵測極限……………………………………………….41
表10一般管柱偵測極限………………………………………………41
表11 QC樣本再現性………………………………………………….42
表12 空氣中粉塵濃度……………………………………………….43
表13 空氣中PAHs濃度……………………………………………….43
表14 粉塵中PAHs濃度……………………………………………….43
表15 大氣中PAHs濃度比較表……………………………………….44
圖目錄
圖1 超音波萃取PAHs流程圖…………………………………………45
圖2 一般管柱與毛細管柱之分析圖譜比較…………………………46
圖3 毛細管柱檢量線圖………………………………………………47
圖4 一般管柱檢量線圖………………………………………………48
圖5 空氣中粉塵濃度分佈圖…………………………………………49
圖6 空氣中PAHs濃度分佈圖…………………………………………50
圖7 粉塵中PAHs濃度分佈圖…………………………………………51

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