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The purposes of study were: (1)to explore Atkinson''''s dynamic theory of achievement motivation about the high and low achievers'''' subjective task difficulty of the first trial; (2)to compare the difference of the selection of objective task difficulty between high and low achievers; (3)to explore the effects of achievement motivation and win-loss on intrinsic motivation and success-failure perception; and (4)to analyze the success-failure attributions of high and low achievers. Sixty-four students (male 34, female 30) were drawn as the subjects from the Department of Athletic Training and Health of National College of Physical Education & Sport. Dart throwing was adopted as the experimental task. The subjects were divided to be high achievers group and low achievers group by the mean score of achievement motivation inventory.
The main findings of this study were as follows: (1)The success probability task difficulty selected by high achievers at the first trial was 0.6, and low achievers selected 0.49. (2)There was no difference of objective task difficulty between high and low achievers, whereas the objective task difficulty of posttset was significantly higher than that of pretest. (3)There was no effect of achievement motivation and win-loss on intrnsic motivation and success-failure perception. (4)There was no effect of achievement motivation and success-failure on intrinsic motivation. (5)Weiner''''s two dimensional attribution model could not offer reasonable explanation for success-failure cause in sport situation. (6)The tendency of success-failure attribution foe high and low achievers was concordant with Weiner''''s viewpoints.
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