臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

為了因應全球化的經濟市場趨勢，國內製造業相繼轉移至低成本的地區生產，就業/工作機會少了，白領主管、藍領員工也隨著失去工作的機會；面對M型社會失業的危機，部分的人士選擇了創業，開始新的人生階段。能否成功創業除了機運之外，更重要的是了解創業將會面臨的問題，事先作好規劃，以及善用政府提供的相關資源，協助自己走出困境，邁向成功的未來。

經濟部中小企業處，自86年起鼓勵公民營機構設置中小企業創新育成中心，提供中小企業空間與設備，以及技術、人才、商務、資訊及行政支援、資金及管理諮詢服務，降低創業及研發初期的成本風險，提高新創事業營運成功的機會。並於民國93年推出創業家圓夢坊計畫，遴聘百名創業顧問師(以下簡稱創業顧問)，協助有明確創業計畫方向之創業家，或成立3年內的新創事業家提升經營體質。提供到場診斷、短期顧問輔導、新創事業品牌藍圖規劃與提升經營品質四項診斷輔導方式。

本文首先透過問卷調查與重要性分析擬定3個主準則層、21個評選子準則，並結合模糊集合理論，建構一個系統化之創業顧問模糊多準則評選模式。利用此一評選模式，將可在模糊決策環境下，評選出合適之創業顧問

For reflecting the globalization economical market trend, the domestic manufacturing industry shifted one after another to the lower cost areas for production, the employment/job opportunity has been shorter, the white-collar and the blue collar staff also along with to lose the work opportunity. Facing unemployment's crisis to the M society, someone have chosen the undertaking, and start the new life stage. Whether can make the undertaking succeed, besides the opportunity, understanding more important question the undertaking will face, finishing the plan beforehand, as well as making good use of the related resources provided by the government, will assist itself to break-through the difficult situation, and will advance to the successful future.
Small and Medium Enterprise Administration, Ministry of Economic Affairs, encourage the privately organization to establish the small and medium enterprise innovation start-up and incubation center since 1997, provide the space and the equipment, as well as technical, the talented person, commercial, the information and the administrative support, the fund and the management consultation service, for small and medium enterprise to reduce cost risk in the initial period to the undertaking and the research and development, and enhance the newly creation enterprise successful opportunity. In 2004 the government promoted the undertaking to interpret a dream the work place plan, selected and hired hundred undertaking entrepreneur consultants, assisted to have clear direction about undertaking of the business plan, or established 3 years in the newly creation enterprise promoted the management. These entrepreneur consultants provide the on-site diagnosis, short-term consultant to counsel, the newly creation enterprise brand blueprint plan and the management quality.
First stage of the study is to construct the 3 main criteria, and 21 sub-criteria through the questionnaire survey and the importance analysis. Then, the fuzzy set theory is used to develop a systematic Fuzzy MCDM which will be a suitable way for evaluating an Entrepreneur Consultant.
We expect this evaluation model can successfully evaluate a qualified Entrepreneur Consultants during the evaluating meeting in the future.

謝 辭 i
摘要 ii
Abstract iii
表 目 錄 vi
圖 目 錄 viii
第一章 緒論 1
1.1研究動機 1
1.2研究目的 2
1.3研究流程 3
1.4章節架構 4
第二章 文獻探討 5
2.1 創業家之探討 5
2.1.1 創業家的意涵 5
2.1.2 創業的動機 7
2.1.3 創業的類型 10
2.1.4 創業面臨的問題 12
2.2 創業顧問之探討 14
2.2.1 管理顧問業的意涵 15
2.2.2 管理顧問業的發展 15
2.2.3 創業顧問的意涵 17
2.2.4 創業顧問的發展 18
2.3服務品質與服務品質之衡量 18
2.3.1 服務品質 18
2.3.2服務品質之衡量 23
2.4創業顧問評選準則之初擬 24
第三章 研究設計與方法 27
3.1研究觀念性架構 27
3.2問卷設計與調查 27
3.2.1問卷設計 27
3.2.2調查對象 28
3.2.3問卷回收 28
3.2.4信度與效度分析 32
3.3重要性分析 33
3.4模糊集合理論 33
3.4.1模糊集合 33
3.4.2三角形模糊數 33
3.4.3口語值 35
3.4.4三角形模糊數之排序 35
第四章 創業顧問評選模式之建構 36
4.1模式建立流程 36
4.2創業顧問師評選之層級分析 38
4.2.1創業顧問評選準則之篩選 38
4.2.2創業顧問之擬定 40
4.2.3創業顧問評選之層級結構 40
4.3衡量各評選準則重要性之評估尺度與各待評創業顧問之優勢評比尺度 43
4.4創業顧問評選主準則與子準則權重之計算 45
4.5創業顧問在各評選子準則下之優勢評比值的計算 46
4.6創業顧問在所有評選主準則下之綜合優勢評比值的計算 47
4.7待評創業顧問綜合優勢評比之排序 48
第五章 創業顧問評選模式之應用 49
5.1問題陳述 49
5.2創業顧問評選準則權重之求解 49
5.3待評創業顧問在評選子準則下之優勢評比值的計算 53
5.4待評創業顧問在所有評選主準則下之綜合優勢評比值的計算 56
5.5待評創業顧問之綜合優勢評比的排序 57
第六章 結論與建議 58
6.1結論 59
6.2建議 60
6.2.1對實務界的建議 60
6.2.2後續研究的建議 60
參考文獻 61
一、 中文部分 61
二、 英文部分 62
三、 網路部分 65
研究問卷 66

一、 中文部分

1.王志銘 (2004) ，知識型服務業創業精神與行動歷程之探討─以工業設計公司為
例。國立雲林科技大學企業管理系碩士論文。
2.吉福．賓區特 (1985) ，內部創業。長河出版社譯。
3.李書政、張邵農翻譯(2006)， 創業管理-策略與資源(原著，Marc J. Dollinger)，
劉常勇審定，智勝文化出版。
4.邱皓政（2002），「量化研究與統計分析」，雙葉書廊有限公司，台北市。
5.張筱貞(民84)，”台灣企管顧問業經營特質與國際化之研究”國立台灣大學國際企
業研究所。
6.翁崇雄(1993)，「評量服務品質與服務價值之研究－以銀行業為實證對象」，博
士論文，國立台灣大學商學研究所，台北市。
7.陳輝吉 (1993) ，創業家─迎接全方位創業挑戰。台北市：麥田。
8.黃俊英、林震岩（1997），「SAS 精析與實例」，華泰書局，台北。
9.許士軍 (1990)，管理學，東華書局。
10.劉常勇 (2002)，「創業管理的12堂課」，天下雜誌出版。
11.歐建益 (2001)，「創業家特質、動機與創業問題之研究」，國立台灣大學會計
研究所碩士論文。






二、 英文部分

1.Benjamin, G. and Philip, L. (1986), “A Behavioral Model of Entrepreneurial Supply,” Journal of Small Business Management, pp. 45-53。
2.Bolton, R. N. and Drew, J. H. (1991), “A longitudinal analysis of the impact of service changes on customer attitudes,” Journal of Marketing, Vol. 55, January, pp. 1-9.
3.Campbell, J. P. and Pritchard, B. R. (1976), Motivation Theory in Industrial and
Organizational Psychology, Chicago: Rand McNally.
4.Carsrud, A. L. K. W., and Eddy, G. G. (1986), Entrepreneurship: Research in
quest of a Paradigm, Encyclopedia, pp. 367-378.
5.Chen, S. H. (1985), “Ranking Fuzzy Numbers with Maximizing Set and Minimizing
Set,” Fuzzy Sets and Systems,” Vol. 17, pp. 113-130.
6.Chen, S. H. and Hsieh, C. H. (2000), “Representation, ranking, distance, and
similarity of L-R type fuzzy number and application,” Australian Journal of Intelligent Processing System, vol. 6,pp. 217-229
7.Christian, B. and Julien, P. A. (2000), “Defining the field of research
inentrepreneurship,” Journal of Business Review, Vol. 16, pp. 165-180.
8.Drucker, P. (1985), Entrepreneurship and innovation: practice and principles, Harper
Business, New York, NY.
9.Dubini, P. (1989), “The influence of motivations and environment on business
start-ups: Some hints for public policies,” Journal of Business Venturing, Vol. 4, No.
1, January, pp. 11-26.

10.Dubois, D. and Prade, H. (1978), “Operations on fuzzy number,” The International
Journal of Systems Science, Vol. 9, pp. 613-626.
11.Gartner, W. B., Mitchell, T. R., and Vesper, K. H. (1989), “A Taxonomy of New
Business Ventures,” Journal of Business Venturing, Vol. 4, No. 3, pp. 169-186.
12.Ghosh, B. C. and Kwan, W. (1996), An Analysis of Key Success Factors of SMEs: A
Comparative Study of Singapore/Malaysia and Australia/New Zealand, Unpublished
doctoral dissertation, Nan-yang Technological University.
13.Greenberger, D. B. and Sexton, D. L. (1988), “An Interactive Model of New Venture
Initiation,” Journal of Small Business Management, Vol. 26, No. 3, pp. 1-7.
14.Greiner, L. and Metzger, R. (1983), Consulting to Management, Englewood Cliffs,
N. J., Prentice-Hall.
15.Herbert, T. T. (1976), Dimensions of organizational behavior, New York: Collier
Macmillan.
16.Kim, K. and Park, K. S. (1990), “Ranking fuzzy numbers with index of optimism”,
Fuzzy sets and systems, Vol. 35, No. 2, pp. 143-150.
17.Maslow, A. H. (1943), “A theory of human motivation”, Psychological Review, Vol.
50, pp. 370-396
18.McClelland, D. C., Atkinson, J. W., Clark, R. A., and Lowell, E. L. (1975), The
Achievement Motive, New York: Irvington Publishers, Inc.
19.Parasuraman, A., Zeithaml, V. A., and Berry, L. L. (1985), “A conceptual model of
service quality and its implications for future research,” Journal of Marketing, Vol.
49, pp. 41-50.
20.Parasuraman, A., Zeithaml, V. A., and Berry, L. L. (1988), “SERVQUAL: A multiple
item scale for measuring customer perceptions of service quality,” Journal of Retailing, Vol. 64, pp. 12-40.
21.Sasser, W. E., Olsen, R. P., and Wyckoff, D. D. (1978), Management of service
operations: Text and cases, Boston, Allyn & Bacon.

22. Lovelock, C. H. (1983), “Classifying service to gain strategic marketing insights,” Journal of Marketing, Vol. 47, pp. 9-20.
23. Chumpeter, J. A. (1934), The Theory of Economic Development, Harvard University
Press, Cambridge, Mass.
24.Scott, W. G. and Mitchell, T. R. (1976), Organization theory: A structural and
behavioral analysis, N. Y., Orkm, Irwin.
25.Thomas, V. B. and Gerald, Z. (1994), Psychology for Management, Kent Pub Co.
26.Wilkin, P. H. (1979), Entrepreneurship: A comparative and historical study,
Norwood, N. J., Ablex Publishing C.
27.Zedeh, L. A. (1965), “Fuzzy sets,” Information and Control, Vol. 8, pp. 338-353.
28.Zedeh, L. A. (1975, 1976), “The concept of a linguistic variable and its application to
approximate reasoning,” Information Sciences, Vol. 8, pp.199-249(I), pp. 301-357(II); Vol. 9, pp. 43-80(III).
29. Zeithaml, V. A. and Bitner, M. J. (2000), Service marketing: Integrating customer
focus across the firm, 2nd, New York: McGraw-Hill.








三、 網路部分
1. 全美百科全書 (Encyclopedia Americana), http://go.grolier.com/。
2. 經濟部中小企業處 http://www.moeasmea.gov.tw
3. 行政院主計處 http://www.dgbas.gov.tw
4. 行政院青年輔導委員會 http://www.nyc.gov.tw/
5. 行政院勞工委員會 http://www.cla.gov.tw
6. 中華民國青年創業協會總會 http://www.careernet.org.tw
7. 中華民國中小企業協會 http://www.nasme.org.tw/
8. 中華民國管理科學學會 http://www.management.org.tw
9. 創業管理研究期刊 http://www.erj.org.tw/
10. 劉常勇管理學習知識庫 http://cm.nsysu.edu.tw/~cyliu/