臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

本論文之目的為分析台灣河川中的魚類與市售水產品含多氯聯苯與金屬的現況，探討食
用水產品而暴露在多氯聯苯與金屬的情形，評估人體的健康風險(包括致癌性與非致癌性
風險)。並計算各種污染物在水產品中的風險基準濃度(Risk-Based Concentration，簡稱
RBC)與各種水產品的可接受攝取量。分析淡水河下游吳郭魚及烏魚肌肉含多氯聯苯的濃度
分別是3.852與6.582 ppb(濕重)。以一般民眾最大的消費量進行致癌性風險評估，若食用
淡水河的魚類其終生致癌風險分別為2.15×10-5與3.67×10-5，已超過可接受之風險(10-
6)。另外以民眾最大攝取量估計，食用魚類而暴露在多氯聯苯的RBC是0.179 ng/g，遠低
於實際測得之多氯聯苯含量。假使以本研究測得之吳郭魚與烏魚的濃度來估計，一般民眾
食用市售魚類的可接受攝取量分別是5.33與3.12 g/day，低於研究中以問卷估計之平均攝
取量60.75 g/day。以一般民眾最大的消費量進行非致癌性風險評估，食用淡水河中吳郭
魚、烏魚的AC 1254之標的危害商數(Target Hazard Quotients；簡稱THQ)，分別是0.72
與0.92。分析市售魚類、蝦類、文蛤與牡蠣中砷的含量，濃度依序是0.055、0.099、0.05
4與0.143 ppm(濕重)。如果將水產品中佔總砷10%的無機砷視為致癌物質，以一般民眾的
最大消費量進行致癌性風險評估，食用魚類、牡蠣、蝦類與文蛤的終生致癌風險由高至低
分別是6.00×10-6、1.36×10-6、1.25×10-6與7.63×10-7，除食用文蛤外，其餘均超過
可接受的風險(10-6)。食用魚類、蝦類與牡蠣而暴露在砷的RBC分別是0.009、0.079與0.1
05 ppm，低於研究中測得之水產品砷含量。以研究中測得之市售水產品砷濃度來估算，一
般民眾食用市售魚類、蝦類、文蛤與牡蠣的可容許攝取量是19.11、10.67、19.66與7.36
g/day。低於研究中以問卷估計之平均攝取量。分析市售牡蠣中銅、鋅、鉛、鎘與汞的含
量，濃度依序是20、44.2、0.011、0.056 ppm與1.04 ppb(濕重)，濃度均高於市售魚類、
蝦類與文蛤，食用市售水產品的不同金屬之THQ均小於1。

Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs) and Metals in river fish and aquatic product
s in Taiwan were analyzed. Exposure to PCBs and metals by ingesting aquatic pr
oducts were studied and human health risk (including cancer and non-cancer ris
k) evaluated .The risk-based concentration (RBC) of different pollutants and a
cceptable consumption amount of river fish and aquatic products were calculate
d .The muscle PCBs concentration of Tilapia and Mugil cephalus from downstream
Tan-Shui River were 3.852 and 6.582 ppb. If one consumes these fish from Tan-
Shui river，the lifetime cancer risk from PCBs intake were 2.15×10-5 and 3.67
×10-5 estimated by the highest fish consumption amount, presented higher then
acceptable risk (10-6). The RBC for PCBs estimated by the highest consumption
amount of fish was only 0.179 ppb , much lower than the actual PCBs concentra
tions measured. The acceptable calculated consumption of the Tilapia and Mugil
cephalus were 5.33 and 3.12 g/day, much lower than average fish consumption o
f 60.75 g/day estimated by the questionnaire. When non-cancer risk was estimat
ed by the highest fish consumption, the Target Hazard Quotients (THQ) for AC 1
254 intake from Tilapia and Mugil cephalus from Tan-Shui River are 0.72 and 0.
92. The content of arsenic in fish、shrimp、clam and oyster bought from market
were 0.055、0.099、0.054 and 0.143 ppm. Assuming inorganic arsenic accounts f
or 10% of all arsenic in seafood and cancer risk estimated by the highest fish
consumption, the lifetime cancer risk for arsenic from consuming fish、shrimp
、clam and oyster are 6.00×10-6、1.25×10-6、7.63×10-7 and 1.36×10-6 respec
tively. All aquatic products except clam in the study presented higher then ac
ceptable risk (10-6). The RBC for arsenic estimated by the highest consumption
of fish、shrimp and oyster are 9、79 and 105 ng/g respectively, were lower th
an actual arsenic concentration measured. The acceptable consumption for aquat
ic products estimated by the actual arsenic concentration of fish、shrimp、cla
m and oyster measured are 19.11、10.67、19.66 and 7.36 g/day respectively, als
o lower than actual consumption estimated by the questionnaire in the study.Th
e content of copper、zinc、lead、cadium and mercury in oyster bought from mark
et were 20、44.2、0.011、0.056 ppm and 1.04 ppb respectively on a wet weight b
asis. These metals concentration were higher than fishes、shrimp and clam. The
THQ for different metals intake by consuming aquatic products were all below
1.