臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

本論文主要研製一恆定導通時間控制之降壓型轉換器，使用數位FPGA調控輸出電壓，並在設定的頻率範圍下工作。恆定導通時間控制方法優點在於負載變化時，可以快速響應回升輸出電壓避免電壓下降過深；而設定頻率區間之恆定導通時間控制的操作方式，輸出電容也可以選用MLCC並保持輸出電壓的穩定，輕載時也有較好的效率。
本文所研製的恆定導通時間降壓型轉換器規格包含：輸出功率90 W，輸入電壓6 V，輸出電壓1.8 V，單相切換頻率範圍設定在1~ 2 MHz之間，兩相輸出電容440 μF；等效串聯電阻(ESR)2 mΩ。實驗項目包含量測負載10%-100%的實際切換控制與負載10%至50%的加減載測試。實驗結果顯示輸出電壓在各個負載下皆維持輸出電壓穩定，在加載測試中PI控制之輸出電壓的暫態響應之下降深度為5%；遲滯PI控制的暫態響應之下降深度為3.1%。

This thesis mainly implements a constant on-time controlled buck converter, which uses FPGA controller to regulate the output voltage, and works in a setting frequency range. One of the advantages of the constant on-time control method is that when the load transient, it can quickly respond to rising output voltage to avoid the voltage drop too deep. The MLCC can be used on the output terminal with this method, and keep the output voltage stable, has better efficiency even in the light load.
The specification of the implemented constant on-time buck converter developed in this thesis includes output power 90 W, input voltage 6 V, output voltage 1.8 V, and single-phase switching frequency 1~2 MHz. The load varying from 10% to 100% of the actual switching control and load change from 10% to 50% are mwasured. Experimental results show that the output voltage can be regulated well despite of load changes and the transient magnitude of the output voltage response, in PI control is less than 5%, in hybrid PI control is less then 3.1%.

摘要 i
Abstract ii
致謝 iii
目錄 iv
表目錄 vi
圖目錄 vii
第一章 緒論 1
1.1 研究背景與動機 1
1.2 文獻探討 5
1.3 研究目的 7
1.4 本文綱要 8
第二章 降壓型轉換器與恆定導通時間控制 9
2.1 降壓型轉換器之轉移函數 9
2.2 兩相降壓型轉換器之切換分析 12
2.3 恆定導通時間控制 15
第三章 系統研製與設計 20
3.1 元件與硬體電路設計 20
3.1.1 功率開關元件 21
3.1.2 輸出電壓回授電路 22
3.1.3 恆定導通時間設計 23
3.1.4 輸入電感 24
3.1.5 輸出電容 24
3.2 數位控制器 25
3.2.1 控制器設計 25
3.2.2 數位控制方法 29
3.3 程式流程規劃 30
第四章 實驗結果 33
4.1 實驗平台 33
4.2 實測波形結果 34
4.3 實驗數據 42
第五章 結論與未來研究方向 44
5.1 結論 44
5.2 未來研究方向 44
參考文獻 45
附錄 47
符號彙編 49

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