臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

直接甲醇燃料電池（Direct Methanol Fuel Cell, DMFC）與其它類型電源混合應用勢所難免，建立可應用於此混合電源系統之動態模型相形重要。目前直接甲醇燃料電池的動態模型多以電化學方程式建立，不論是延伸應用於混合電源或燃料電池堆的動態模擬均屬艱難。
本論文採用非線性阻抗等效電路的動態模型，其易於延伸應用於混合電源或燃料電池堆的動態模型。本等效電路結合參考Muller提出的等效電路模型及Randles提出的等效電路，形成陽極半反應等效電路模型，再將Ramesham提出具有防腐蝕鍍膜的等效電路模型進行結合，形成直接甲醇燃料電池基本的等效電路模型。為改善此等效電路在陰極端，未考慮甲醇穿透(Methanol Crossover)所產生的質傳阻抗以及反應時產生的非線性阻抗的影響。本文應用實測的極化曲線（Polari- zation Curve, I-V Curve），進行擬合出一非線性阻抗模組，以表現反應時的非線性阻抗，再將燃料電池電源與其串聯，然後與基本模型並聯，最後與表現質傳阻抗的電感串聯，以完成全反應等效電路。
依據以上的等效電路模型，本文應用Matlab/Simulink SimPower 模組，針對杜邦MEA Nafion®117 / 35cm2直接甲醇燃料電池單電池進行定電壓(Constant Voltage,CV)及變動負載的模擬，並與實際電池定電壓測試結果進行比較，於穩態反應時的誤差值低於10%，而暫態反應上昇時間誤差值雖達50%，但可表現出暫態極值的動態特質，證實本等效電路模型的可行性。

To combine with other power sources is inevitable for direct methanol fuel cell (DMFC) in most applications. The dynamic model of the DMFC for simulating or designing hybrid power system is getting more important with the growing attention to the DMFC in the world. In most present researches, dynamic models of the DMFC follow with differential equations derived from electrochemical principles, so it is relatively difficult to extend applications of these models to simulate or design hybrid power systems or fuel cell stacks.
In this thesis, a dynamic equivalent circuit model which is easier to be used to simulate or design the hybrid power system or fuel cell stack is proposed. The equivalent circuit is based on three equivalent circuit models, and discussed by Muller, Randles and Ramesham. In models of Muller and Ramesham, the effect of methanol crossover is neglected. In this thesis, the author proposes a nonlinear impedance module with an inductor in series developed by matching the measured polarization I-V curve. It is found the dynamic characteristics of mass transport effect can be improved in simulations via applying the inductor in series.
By using the simulation software tool Matlab/Simulink SimPower module the nonlinear impedance equivalent circuit model is applied to simulate the dynamic response of the DMFC circuit in the mode of step changed output voltage control. A DMFC single cell made of Dupont MEA Nafion®117 with cross sectional area 35cm2 is used to be references of the dynamic model. The simulation results are compared with experi- ments results and found having good coincidence.

中文提要 …………………………………………………………………… i
英文提要 …………………………………………………………………… iii
誌謝 …………………………………………………………………… v
目錄 …………………………………………………………………… vi
表目錄 …………………………………………………………………… viii
圖目錄 …………………………………………………………………… ix
第一章 緒論……………………………………………………………… 1
1.1 引言……………………………………………………………… 1
1.2 研究動機與目的………………………………………………… 4
1.3 文獻回顧………………………………………………………… 5
1.3.1 電化學燃料電池動態模型……………………………………… 5
1.3.2 電化學燃料電池阻抗模型……………………………………… 7
1.3.3 燃料電池等效電路模型………………………………………… 8
1.4 論文章節簡介…………………………………………………… 11
第二章 直接甲醇燃料電池特性………………………………………… 12
2.1 工作原理………………………………………………………… 12
2.1.1 操作電位分析與極化現象……………………………………… 13
2.2 交流阻抗分析…………………………………………………… 16
2.2.1 交流阻抗分析原理……………………………………………… 17
2.2.2 燃料電池交流阻抗與電子電路之關聯………………………… 18
2.2.3 電化學系統交流阻抗與等效電路之關聯……………………… 22
2.3 等效電路模型……………………………………………............ 24
第三章 直接甲醇燃料電池動態模型…………………………………… 27
3.1 直接甲醇燃料電池等效電路模型形成………………………… 27
3.1.1 直接甲醇燃料電池陽極半反應等效電路模型………………… 27
3.1.2 直接甲醇燃料電池陰極半反應等效電路模型………………… 30
3.1.3 直接甲醇燃料電池全反應等效電路模型……………………… 34
3.1.4 直接甲醇燃料電池非線性阻抗………………………………… 35
3.2 直接甲醇燃料電池定電壓負載控制模擬規劃………………… 38
3.2.1 模擬電路架構規劃……………………………………………… 38
第四章 模擬平台之建構………………………………………………… 41
4.1 MATLAB軟體環境介紹..……………………………………… 41
4.1.1. MATLAB / SIMULINK ..………………………………………. 41
4.1.2 SIMULINK / SimPowerSystem..……………………………….. 43
4.2 直接甲醇燃料電池動態模型建制於SimPowerSystem……….. 45
4.2.1 直接甲醇燃料電池非線性阻抗…………………………........... 45
4.2.2 直接甲醇燃料電池等效電路…………………………………… 50
4.2.3 直接甲醇燃料電池定電壓負載模擬…………………………… 53
4.2.4 直接甲醇燃料電池動態模型初始狀態設定…………………… 55
第五章 實驗方法……………………..………………………………….. 56
5.1 實驗架構與設備………………………………………………… 56
5.2 實驗程序………………………………………………………… 58
5.2.1 硬體組裝程序…………………………………………………… 59
5.2.2 活化程序………………………………………………………… 60
5.2.3 測試程序………………………………………………………… 61
第六章 結果與討論……………………………………………………… 64
6.1 實驗結果……………………..………………………………...... 64
6.2 穩態反應模擬結果……………………………………………… 68
6.3 暫態反應模擬結果……………………………………………… 69
第七章 結論與未來展望………………………………………………… 78
7.1 結論…………..………………………………………………….. 78
7.2 未來展望………………………………………………………… 78
參考文獻 …………………………………………………………………… 80
作者簡歷 …………………………………………………………………… 85

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