臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

在一般車輛安全研究中，與機車安全性相關之成果較為少見。和汽車、大眾捷運工具相較之下，機車對於安全性改善的空間確實較少，此乃受限於其傳統架構，以及較低生產成本；即便如此，關於機車可實行的安全功能方面，仍有研究空間。
在本研究中，以兼具實用性和安全性的基本概念建立了一組機車頭盔之模型，目的是為增進使用者在騎乘時對前方路況之專注力，並且提供遭逢意外時，增進騎士本身防止被追撞的安全性。在增進專注力方面，我們認為要減少機車騎士低頭看傳統儀表 (如速度和油量表) 的次數與時間。在防止被追撞方面，資料顯示機車騎士夜間最容易被追撞。因此，本研究針對前者設計了抬頭顯示器以顯示速度，並以蜂鳴器提醒超速及油量不足；針對後者，我們設計一組車身和安全帽之間的紅外線連線裝置，一旦兩者失去連線，表示可能發生車禍，則安全帽上的閃光燈開始閃動，以表示騎士的位置。在研究中，我們實作了此頭盔的原型，並將此頭盔交由不同使用者實測於真實道路駕駛上，並騎乘配合頭盔修改儀表板之二輪機車作騎乘測試。此外，該原型之效益亦經由模擬測試，量測前方路況的反應時間。十位測試者的量測結果顯示，使用傳統儀表的反應時間平均為 1.7 秒，使用頭盔顯示器為平均 0.4 秒，後者平均增進了 1.3 秒的反應時間；而在實際道路騎乘之後，進行問卷調查的統計結果顯示，有 90% 之騎乘者認為此項研究之功能確實可增進行車之安全性。

Motorcycle driver’s safety is less addressed in the literature. In this research, a model of an advanced helmet is proposed to improve motorcycle driver’s safety. The purpose is to enhance the concentration of drivers and provide instant protection to avoid of rear-end crash. Regarding to the improvement of concentration, the frequency of bending a driver’s head to look at the speedometer had better be reduced. Therefore a head-up display is proposed to improve concentration, and a buzzer is installed to remind over-speed and exhausting fuel. Regarding to the avoidance of rear-end crashes, information shows that rear-end crashes happen most at night. Infrared is adopted as the communication media between the helmet and the motorcycle. As soon as the disconnection happens, a traffic accident is suspected. Consequently the warning flashlight attached the helmet will be activated to indicate the location of the driver.
The effectiveness of this model has been demonstrated by implementing a prototype and performing simulations and real road tests, which were taken by ten volunteers. The experimental results show that the average reaction time is 0.4 second while using the advanced helmet, and 1.7 seconds using the traditional speedometer. That is, the helmet can save about 1.3 seconds for drivers to take action. Finally, 90% of volunteers agree that this advanced helmet improve the safety of driving.

I. INTRODUCTION 1
II. REQUIREMENT AND BACKGROUND 6
2.1 Head-up display in Helmet 6
2.2 Warning flashlight for rear-end crash avoidance 12
2.3 Buzzer reminder 15
III. IMPLEMENTATION 17
3.1 System framework 17
3.2 Software Specification 18
3.2.1 Communication 18
3.2.2 Functions and Flows 19
3.2.3 Parameters 20
3.3 Circuit Diagram 21
3.3.1 Overall Schematics 21
3.3.2 Power Converter 22
3.3.3 RS232 Transistor 22
3.3.4 Micro Controller 23
3.3.5 PCB Outlet wire 24
3.3.6 7-Segment Display 25
3.4 Accomplishment 26
IV. TESTS AND RESULTS 31
4.1 Testing model 31
4.2 Testing flow 32
4.3 Scenario simulator 33
4.4 Results 36
V. CONCLUSIONS AND FUTURE WORK 39
VI. REFERENCES 42

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