臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

本研究利用雙環同軸噴流燃燒器，探討不同的側壁間距對於反置噴流擴散火焰之交互作用。結果發現，在固定側壁間距(S)與外環燃料出口速度(VF)時，逐漸增加內管空氣出口速度(VA)，火焰型態會依序出現Type A、Type B、Type C和Type D四種類型的火焰。其中Type A為單層(外層)焰端閉合之擴散火焰，Type B為內層和外層擴散火焰共存之雙層焰端閉合之擴散火焰，Type C為內層和外層擴散火焰共存之雙層焰端開口(破孔)M型擴散火焰，Type D為內層火焰上飄(lift-off)並與外層火焰連接之雙層火焰。此外亦發現摻氫比例越高，內層擴散火焰穩定性較佳，臨界速度隨之增加，然而摻氫比例增加使根部藍焰較長。在相同的VF與S下，火焰高度隨著VA的增加而逐漸降低的趨勢；而相同的VF和VA情況下，火焰高度則隨著S的減少而有逐漸升高之趨勢，此為火焰與側壁之交互作用影響。當固定徑向距離r = 50 cm、VF與VA的情況下，在輻射放熱率實驗中，隨著S的減少，輻射放熱率會隨之增加；但隨著摻氫比例增加，輻射放熱率則隨之減少。火焰流場溫度中，隨著壁面越靠近火焰面，流場溫度會靠往壁面，使流場溫度呈現不對稱。在廢氣實驗中量測CO、CO2和NOX濃度，結果得到：當火焰與側壁面貼齊時，火焰接近壁面處出現淬熄(flame quenching)現象，使CO濃度上升；此外隨著氫氣濃度增加，CO和CO2濃度會隨之降低，但NOX濃度和EINOX則隨之提高。

In this study, interaction between an inverse jet diffusion flame and a lateral wall were examined using a coaxial jet burner. The results showed that when the separation distance (S) and outer stream velocity of methane (VF) are fixed, the gradual increase in the inner stream velocity of air (VA) will result in the transition of inverse diffusion flame from a single cone-shaped flame (Type A) to a double cone-shaped flame (Type B) to a M-shpaed flame with inner and outer open tips, so-called Type C flame, to a Type D flame with lifted inner flame. When VF and S were kept constant, flame height decreased with increasing VA. As S was fixed, the critical velocities of inner air stream (VA) corresponding to the occurrence of Type B and Type C flames increased with VF, while the corresponding VA for the onset of Type D flame decreased with increasing VF. With increasing central-flow air velocity or hydrogen concentration, radiative heat transfer rate decreased for a fixed radial direction distance 50 cm at a constant fuel velocity; with the decrease of S, radiative heat transfer rate will increase. The measurement of temperature distribution showed that, with the wall closer to the flame, the interaction between an inverse diffusion flame and a lateral wall became strong, leading to asymmetrical temperature field. The measurement of pollutant emissions of CO, CO2 and NOX concentrations showed that, when the flame surface was closer to the wall, the CO increased owing to the occurrence of flame quenching. With increasing hydrogen concentration, CO and CO2 concentrations decreased, but NOX and EINOX increased.

中文摘要 -------------------------------------------------------------------I
英文摘要 -------------------------------------------------------------------III
誌謝 -------------------------------------------------------------------V
總目錄 -------------------------------------------------------------------VI
圖目錄 -------------------------------------------------------------------VIII
一、緒論----------------------------------------------------------------------1
1.1研究背景----------------------------------------------------------1
1.2文獻回顧----------------------------------------------------------3
1.2.1 同軸標準擴散火焰--------------------------------------5
1.2.2 同軸反置擴散火焰--------------------------------------6
1.3 研究目的---------------------------------------------------------7
二、實驗設備與方法-------------------------------------------------------------10
2.1 實驗設備---------------------------------------------------------10
2.2 實驗方法與步驟----------------------------------------------------13
三、結果與討論-----------------------------------------------------------------15
3.1不同側壁間距下之純甲烷反置噴流擴散火焰之火焰型態、結構和穩定性----------------------------------------------16
3.2不同側壁間距下之甲烷/氫氣反置噴流擴散火焰之火焰型態、結構和穩定性--------------------------------------------18
3.3不同側壁間距下之甲烷/氫氣反置噴流擴散火焰輻射量測分析------------------------------------------------------24
3.4不同側壁間距下之甲烷/氫氣反置噴流擴散火焰之流場溫度分析-----------------------------------------------------27
3.5不同側壁間距下之甲烷/氫氣反置噴流擴散火焰之廢氣排放分析-----------------------------------------------------32
四、結論--------------------------------------------------------------37
五、參考文獻-----------------------------------------------------------41
六、圖表---------------------------------------------------------------47

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