臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

本研究主要在研製具有導熱性質之複合式塑膠平板，先以多孔質陽極氧化鋁法(Porous Anodic Aluminum, PAA)所製作出之多孔質奈米陶瓷模板與熱塑性塑膠平板以嵌入式射出成形製程結合。實驗中探討射出成形參數對複合式平板熱傳導係數的影響、比較PAA模板與塑膠表面性質的差異及複合式平板中塑膠結構的高度對結合強度的關係。實驗結果顯示使用高塑料溫度、高保壓壓力及高射出速度可得到較好的熱傳導係數，其中塑料溫度為影響熱傳導係數之主要因素。複合式PC及ABS平板成品熱傳導係數分別為4.1W/m℃和2.2 W/m℃，其熱傳導係數較PC及ABS平板提高約12倍及9倍；透過接觸角與拉伸實驗分析後發現，ABS塑料的接觸角比PC塑料較為接近PAA模板及鋁板，且其結合強度也較高，代表塑料與PAA模板結合強度與兩相表面性質有關。高塑料溫度可獲得較高的結合強度，其中ABS塑料所製成的複合式平板可得到較好的結合強度0.18 MPa，透過SEM觀察結合強度檢測的試片得知，高塑料溫度使塑料在PAA模板中有較高的結構高度，代表塑料與PAA模板的接觸面積增加可以有效提升結合強度。本研究之研究成果未來可應用於3C產品外殼，輔以協助熱傳遞。

This research is to develop a novel process with the porous anodic aluminum (PAA) to produce the nano-porous ceramic template and then combines with a thermoplastics plate by the quasi-inserted injection molding process. The composited polymer plate containing aluminum material on PAA template has the ability to enhance heat transfer capability of local heat source. Effects of injection molding parameters on the thermal conductivity coefficient of the composited polymer plate have been investigated with the height of polymer inside the PAA template by bonding strength tests Experimental results show that the higher melt temperature, packing pressure and injection velocity can acquire better thermal conductivity coefficient. The melt temperature is the more significant parameter. The thermal conductivity coefficient of composited PC and ABS plate are 4.1W/m℃, 2.2 W/m℃ separately. They are 12 and 9 time in contrast with only PC and ABS plate by injection molding. According to contact angle and tensile analysis, the contact angle of ABS is similar with that of PAA and it has higher bonding strength compared with that of PC. It means that the bonding strength of polymer and PAA template is related to their property of contact surface. The higher melt temperature can obtain the higher bonding strength. The composited ABS plate has the higher strength bonding as 0.18 MPa. According to SEM observation, the depth of polymer coated in PAA template is increased by higher melt temperature and it is contributed to the larger contact area of PAA and polymer. Result of this study can be applied to the conductive shell plate of 3C products to reduce heat damage in near future.

摘要 I
Abstract II
誌謝 III
目錄 VI
圖目錄 IX
表目錄 XVI
第一章 導論 1
1.1 研究背景 1
1.2 研究目的與方法 4
1.3 論文架構 5
第二章 文獻回顧 7
2.1 射出成形文獻回顧 7
2.2 導熱性塑膠文獻回顧 19
2.3 陽極氧化鋁製程文獻回顧 25
2.4 相關專利分析 37
2.5 文獻回顧總結 40
第三章 實驗用材與相關原理 47
3.1 聚碳酸酯(Polycarbonate, PC) 47
3.2 ABS共聚物(Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene, ABS) 49
3.3 鋁合金材料 50
3.4 射出成形製程模式 51
第四章 實驗規劃與設備 55
4.1 實驗流程規劃 55
4.1.1 多孔質陽極氧化鋁製作 55
4.1.2 模具設計與分析 63
4.1.3 射出成形實驗 67
4.1.4 實驗設計 72
4.1.5 熱傳導係數量測 79
4.1.6 結合強度檢測 80
4.2 實驗設備與材料 81
4.2.1 射出成形設備與材料 81
4.2.2 陽極處理設備與材料 83
4.2.3 量測設備 85
第五章 實驗結果與討論 95
5.1 射出成形製程參數探討 95
5.2 熱傳導係數檢測 106
5.2.1 純平板熱傳導係數量測 106
5.2.2 複合式平板熱傳導係數量測 118
5.3 結合強度檢測 127
第六章 結論與建議 136
6.1 結論 136
6.2 建議 138
第七章 參考文獻 139
附錄A 實驗模具 146
附錄B F-distribution table(α=0.01) 149
附錄C射出成形塑膠材料物性表 150
附錄D摩擦理論 152
附錄F 複合式平板剖面檢測結果 154

[1]廖俊郎，"射出壓縮成型對微型製品光學品質之影響研究"雲林科技大學，機械工程系碩士論文，2000。(Chung Lang Liao, "The Study of the Effects on the Properties of the Micro Optic Products by Injection Compression Molding Process.")
[2]陳宜正，"具補強肋之塑膠射出壓縮成型品表面凹痕與翹曲變形"雲林科技大學，機械工程系碩士碩文，2001。(Yi-Cheng Chen, "A Study on Sink Marks and Warpage of Plastic Injection Compression Molding Products with Plate-Ribs.")
[3]簡惠民，"不等行程射出壓縮應用於精密楔形板件及表面微結構成型性探討"臺灣大學，機械工程系碩士論文，2002。
[4]高旭麒，"繞射光學元件微射壓成形之研究"國立台灣科技大學，機械工程系碩士論文，2006。(Shi-chi Kao, "Study on μ-Injection Compression Molding of Diffractive Optical Elements .")
[5]林先明，"複合式光學元件微射壓成形之研究"國立台灣科技大學，機械工程系，2008。(Shian-Ming Lin, "Research on μ-Injection Compression Molding of Hybrid Optical Elements.")
[6]Y. E. Yoo, T. H. Kim, D. S. Choi, S. M. Hyun, H. J. Lee, K. H. Lee, et al., "Injection molding of a nanostructured plate and measurement of its surface properties," Current Applied Physics, vol. 9, pp. e12-e18, 2009.
[7]I. Saarikoski, M. Suvanto, and T. A. Pakkanen, "Modification of polycarbonate surface properties by nano-, micro-, and hierarchical micro–nanostructuring," Applied Surface Science, vol. 255, pp. 9000-9005, 2009.
[8]李豐吉，"多尺度複合式光學元件射出成形研究"國立台灣科技大學，機械工程研究所碩士論文，2009。(Feng-Chi Lee, "Research on Multi-Scale Hybrid Optical Elements by Injection Molding .")
[9]王志豪，"振動式射壓於複合式光學元件射出壓縮成形之研究"國立台灣科技大學，機械工程系論文，2010。(Chih-hao Wang, "Research on Hybrid Optical Elements by Vibratile Injection Compression Molding.")
[10]葉敬賢，"複合式光學元件於振動式射出壓縮成形之殘留應力及光學品質研究"國立台灣科技大學，機械工程系論文，2011。(Ching-Hsien Yeh, "Research on Residual Stress and Optical Quality in Hybrid Optical Elements by Vibratile Injection Compression Molding Process.")
[11]B. Witzigmann, K. Yamamoto, T. Yamamoto, T. Takaoka, M. Seigo, S. Kitagawa, et al., "Application of anti-reflection structures on curved surfaces," vol. 8255, pp. 82551R-82551R-10, 2012.
[12]W. Zhou, C. Wang, T. Ai, K. Wu, F. Zhao, and H. Gu, "A novel fiber-reinforced polyethylene composite with added silicon nitride particles for enhanced thermal conductivity," Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing, vol. 40, pp. 830-836, 2009.
[13]S. Azeem and M. Zain-ul-Abdein, "Investigation of thermal conductivity enhancement in bakelite–graphite particulate filled polymeric composite," International Journal of Engineering Science, vol. 52, pp. 30-40, 2011.
[14]S. Zhang, Y. Ke, X. Cao, Y. Ma, and F. Wang, "Effect of Al2O3 fibers on the thermal conductivity and mechanical properties of high density polyethylene with the absence and presence of compatibilizer," Journal of Applied Polymer Science, 2011.
[15]A. K. Mehrjerdi, B. Adl-Zarrabi, S.-W. Cho, and M. Skrifvars, "Mechanical-and-thermo-physical-properties-of-high-density-polyethylene-modified-with-talc," Journal of Applied Polymer Science, 2013.
[16]許育豪，"聚苯硫醚塑膠複材之導熱性質與機械性質在射出成形之研究"國立台灣科技大學，機械工程系論文，2013。(Yu-Hao Hsu, "Research of Thermal-Conductivity and Mechanical Properties of PPS Polymer Composites by Injection Molding.")
[17]J. P. O'Sullivan and G. C. Wood, "The morphology and mechanism of formation of porous anodic films on aluminum," Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. Series A, Mathematical and Physical Sciences, vol. 317, pp. 511-543, 1970.
[18]G. E.Thompson and G. C.Wood, "Process anodic film formation on aluminum passive films " Nature, vol. 290, pp. 230-232, 1981.
[19]V. P. Parkhutik and V. I. Shershulsky, "Theoretical modelling of porous oxide 1 growth on aluminum," Applied Physics Letters, vol. 125, pp. 1258-1263, 1992.
[20]H. Masuba and K. Fukuda, "Order meteal nanohole arrays made by a two-step replication of honeycomb structures of anodic alumina," Science, vol. 1268, pp. 1466-1468, 1995.
[21]H. Masuda and H. Yamada, "Highly ordered nanochannel-array architecture in anodic alumina," Applied Physics Letters, vol. 71, 1997.
[22]H. Masuda and H. Asoh, "Square and triangular nanohole array architectures in anodic alumina," Adv. Mater, vol. 13, 2001.
[23]N.-Q. Zhao, X.-X. Jiang, C.-S. Shi, Z.-G. Z. J-J. Li, and X.-W. Du, "Effects of anodizing conditions on anodic alumina structure," Journal of Materials Science, vol. 42, pp. 3878-3882, 2007.
[24]Y.-L. Wang, N.-W. Liu, C.-Y. Liu, and H.-H. Wang, "Focused-Ion-Beam-Based Selective Closing and Opening of Anodic Alumina Nanochannels for the Growth of Nanowire Arrays Comprising Multiple Elements," Adv. Mater, vol. 20, pp. 2547-2551, 2008.
[25]K. Nishio, T. Yoshitaka, S. Hatakeyama, H. Maegawa, and H. Masuda, "Fabrication of ideally ordered anodic porous alumina with large area by vacuum deposition of Al onto mold," The Journal of Vacuum Science and Technology B, vol. 26, pp. L10-L12, 2008.
[26]K. N. Takashi Yanagishita, and Hideki Masuda, "Anti-Reflection Structures on Lenses by Nanoimprinting Using Ordered Anodic Porous Alumina," Applied Physics Express 2, 2008.
[27]何光朗，"次微米陽極氧化鋁孔洞製作光學元件之研究"國立台灣科技大學機械工程研究所，2008。(Kuang-lang Ho, "Fabrication of Optical Elements with Sub-micron Features on Anodic Aluminum Oxide .")
[28]Y. Hu, J. Ge, and Y. Yin, "PDMS rubber as a single-source precursor for templated growth of silica nanotubes," The Royal Society of Chemistry, pp. 914-916, 2009.
[29]詹景翔，"多孔質陽極氧化鋁模板製作似蟬翼抗反射結構"國立台灣科技大學，機械工程系論文，2009。(Jing-Siang Jhan, "Fabrication of Cicada Wing Like Anti-reflection Structure by Porous Anodic Alumina Template.")
[30]M. Lillo and D. Losic, "Pore opening detection for controlled dissolution of barrier oxide layer and fabrication of nanoporous alumina with through-hole morphology," Journal of Membrane Science, vol. 327, pp. 11-17, 2009.
[31]陳建志，"鍍鋁矽晶圓之多孔質陽極氧化鋁結構製作大面積抗反射結構製程研究"國立台灣科技大學，機械工程研究所碩士論文，2010。(Jian-Zhi Chen, "Fabrication of Large Area Anti-reflection Structure by Wafer Based Porous Anodic Alumina .")
[32]李坤能，"鋁合金件與塑膠件異質結合之處理方法及塑膠及鋁合金之異質結合結構"，中華民國發明專利，專利號:200906610，2010。
[33]陳正士, 孫代育, 馮源源, and 李孔婷，"金屬與塑膠的複合體的製備方法及複合體"，中華民國發明專利，專利號:100147035，2013。
[34]蔡東霖，"異丙苯過氧化氫與氫氧化鈉分解反應之研究"國立雲林科技大學，環境與安全工程系碩士論文，2006。(Tung-Lin Tsai, "Thermal Decomposition of Cumene Hydroperoxide Catalyzed by Sodium Hydroxide .")
[35]李佳柔，"整合次波長微結構之菲涅爾聚光元件於射出成形研究"國立台灣科技大學，機械工程研究所碩士論文，2012。(Chia-Jou Lee, "Research on Fabrication of Fresnel Condenser Lens Integrated with Sub-Wavelength Micro Structures by Injection Molding .")
[36]松特格，"熱力學"，全華出版公司，2007。
[37]陳永坤，"雙面微溝槽之薄件射出成形研究"國立台灣科技大學，機械工程系碩士論文，2005。(YUNG-KUN CHEN, "Study on Injection Molding of Thin Plate with Double-Side Micro Grooves .")
[38]Z. T. and C. G, "Principles of Polymer Processing," John Wiley &Sons, New York, 1979。
[39]Y. A. Cengel and A. J. Ghajar, "Heat and Mass Transfer : Fundamentals & Applications ," 滄海書局，2011。
[40]黃建琳，"單一粗糙鋒的接觸行為分析及其模擬粗糙表面摩擦行為的研究"國立台灣科技大學，機械工程系碩士論文，2006。(Ching-Lin Huang, "Analysis the Single Asperity of Contact Behavior and Study of Simulated Rough Surface Friction Behavior.")