臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

近年來由於高亮度發光二極體LED技術的突破，使得高亮度LED製成的光源、裝飾燈與中大型廣告看板被廣泛的使用，由於目前在臺灣LED廣告看板管制方面並無有效規範和標準，在大量且氾濫的使用下，不知不覺中已造成光汙染的現象，甚至影響人的生活及健康。目前大部分的文獻都以主觀評價的方式來評估光汙染產生的眩光與閃爍所造成人眼不舒適之影響。因此本研究嘗試採用較客觀的方式，並不涉及人體健康與生理影響，利用腦電圖來分析人體受到LED廣告看板時腦波的影響，進一步藉由腦波的分析結果來探討LED廣告看板對人體所產生的生理反應。
本研究實驗設計中，使用2種LED看板亮度(1000 cd/m2, 5000 cd/m2)、3種曝照時間(60秒, 120秒, 180秒)及10段不同影片類型，實驗參與人數共20人，一共收集14400筆資料進行分析。藉此得知人腦之α波、β波、注意力及冥想力觀看LED廣告看板動態影片時所受的影響。此外，藉由各項腦波頻段、畫面平均亮度與笛波爾評價分數來探討受試者在觀看LED看板時，主觀評價方式與客觀評價方式兩者之間是否有相關性。
研究結果顯示高亮度的LED看板會抑制β波，受試者觀看LED廣告看板越久，α波、β波和注意力皆會下降，而影片類型並不會造成各項腦波頻段的影響。然而，由各項腦波頻段與感知主觀評價結果得知，腦波生理指標與感知主觀評價相關度低，表示利用腦波訊號作為客觀的生理指標並無法有效分辨民眾對眩光與閃爍的感受程度，因此還需要努力的空間，建議仍可以從基礎研究方向來探討未來腦波與感知主觀評價之研究。

The influence of the RGB LED signage and large-format displays on our cognitive-performance seems to be more critical in the modern life. Discomfort glare is one of nuisances, wherein, most people walk or drive in urban area at night. In recent years, brainwave has been paid attention to medical research. Brainwaves are produced by synchronized electrical pulses from masses of neurons communicating with each other. From the earlier research, we understand that people's brainwaves will change as delighted, depressed, nervous, pay attention or work etc. Research has also identified brainwave patterns associated with all sorts of emotional and neurological conditions.
This study aims is to explore the brainwave of the screen luminance and exposed time as watching motion pictures on a RGB LED large-format display (LFD) by using electroencephalogram (EEG). Twenty subjects ranged from 21 to 60 years old who were normal color vision and normal vision included were recruited to participate in the experiments. Each subject attended 6 experimental sessions. In each session, a different set of viewing conditions was applied. The viewing parameters included 2 levels of LED billboard (1000 cd/m2, 5000 cd/m2) and 3 exposed time (60sec, 120sec,180 sec), and each session was presented in a random order to each subject. Each subject assessed the same 10 video clips in each session. In total, they assessed 60 clips. For each clip, the subject rated his or her discomfort glare using the de Boer scale. Subject rated one condition during the video playing. Meanwhile, The EEG power spectrums of alpha waves and beta waves of the participant were recorded by a commercial device. The device’s reference and ground electrodes are on the ear clip and the EEG electrode is on the sensor arm, resting on the forehead above the eye (FP1 position). The process was repeated until all clips of one session were presented. In average, each session took about 20 minutes. The experiment was based on a randomized factorial design with measures on 3 factors including luminance of LED LFD, exposed time and video.
Results revealed that the main effect of luminance of LED was significant. The beta waves were inhibited as increasing the luminance of LED. And the alpha waves were slight decreased at the high luminance level. Results also demonstrated that alpha, beta waves and attention were decreased as the long exposed time. Therefore, attention will be decreased causing visual fatigue during the test. However, brainwave and cognitive evaluation are not significant related. Therefore, we have the improvement on objective measurement with brainwave. We suggested the further refinement of the experiment parameters and subsequent exploration of cognitive-modulation. It will be necessary to facilitate our cognitive of discomfort glare.

圖目錄
表目錄
第1章 緒論
1.1 研究背景及目的
1.2 研究流程與大綱
第2章 文獻探討
2.1 腦波
2.1.1 人體大腦
2.1.2 腦電訊號背景
2.1.3 心智活動對腦電訊號之影響
2.1.4 亮度對腦電訊號之影響
2.2 照明與視覺疲勞
2.3 光汙染定義
2.4 眩光
2.5 閃爍
2.6 不舒適之客觀或生理評價
2.7 重要因子選定原則
第3章 研究方法
3.1 實驗設備及軟體
3.2 全彩 RGB LED 廣告看板色彩特性
3.3 腦波量測方法
3.4 實驗設計
3.4.1 實驗環境
3.4.2 操控變項
3.4.3 測試動態影片/畫面的選擇與條件
3.4.4 受試者
3.4.5 實驗流程
第4章 分析方法
4.1 腦電訊號分析方法與流程
4.2 多變量變異數分析
第5章 結果與討論
5.1 腦波分析結果
5.1.1 LED亮度對腦波影響分析結果
5.1.2 曝照時間對腦波影響分析結果
5.1.3 畫面平均亮度與腦波分析結果
5.2 腦波生理指標與感知主觀評價相關分析
5.2.1 腦波、畫面平均亮度與眩光主觀評價分析結果
5.2.2 腦波、畫面平均亮度與閃爍主觀評價分析結果
第6章 結論與建議
6.1 腦波分析總結
6.2 未來工作與建議
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