臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

軍人在平時訓練或演訓時常須攜帶個人裝備及軍品，在高強度、高負重的軍事活動下，足部將比一般人承受更大的壓力。研究發現，長時間負重會改變足部組織結構及造成足部受傷，進而影響訓練成效。因此對軍人而言，足部的健康與保護是必須重視的議題。然目前我國軍用鞋類設計過程中，未論及負重對足部的影響並納入設計考量，故探討負重對軍人足部的影響有其必要性。
本研究共召募30名男性軍職人員為研究對象，運用3D掃描量測技術計算右足在微負重、半負重、前半負重及後半負重等4種負重條件下足部25項尺寸及分析足型的變化。研究結果得知，在微負重與其他3種負重條件下，足部尺寸有明顯的差異，且長、寬度尺寸會因重量增加而增長；高度相對減少；圍度則變化不大。接著將各項尺寸進行單因子變異數分析得知，在「最大跟寬、背圍寬、短跟圍寬、足弓高、短跟高、足背高、最大足趾高、內踝最凸點高、內踝下緣點高」有顯著影響，其中以「足弓高」的變化程度最大，並以事後檢定分析負重位置對足部特徵之影響，研究結果發現前、後半負重對於足部尺寸變化均無顯著差異。
本研究希望藉由不同負重對足部各項尺寸變化之分析結果，未來可提供於鞋子與足弓墊等相關鞋類產品之設計、改良及學術研究之參考。

Soldiers need to carry personal equipment and military products at ordinary times or in training. Under high-intensity and high load military activities, their feet bear much more pressure than ordinary people. The research found that the long-time load will change foot structures and cause foot injuries which play a negative role in training effects. Therefore, as for soldiers, foot health and protection should be put emphasis on. However, the domestic design of military footwear has not taken the influence of load exerting on the foot into consideration, thus, it’s necessary to discuss the effects of load playing on the foot.
The research recruited 30 male military personnel as research subjects and observed the change of foot type of right foot under slight weight-bearing load, half weight-bearing load, half weight-bearing load of front and half weight-bearing load of back with the application of 3D scanning measurement technique and then calculated 25 foot dimensions. We can learn from the research that the measurement size of foot under light load was significantly different from those under 3 other loads and the length and width would increase with weight growth; the height reduced relatively and the girth kept the same. Later, we found from one-way analysis of variance that the load had significant effects on “Maximum Heel Width, Width at Distal Instep, Width at Short Heel Girth, Arch Height, Short-Heel Height, Instep Height, Max. Toe Box Height, Height of the Most Medial Point of Medial Malleolus, Height of Sphyrion”. Among them, the foot arch height changed the most and the research analyzed the influence of weight-bearing position playing on the foot with Post-hoc Test, from the research findings, we can conclude that the loads on font and back foot have no significant difference on foot size.
This research aims at providing academic references for the designs and improvements of footwear, shank fillers and other relevant products based on the analysis results of size changes of foot.

誌謝 i
摘要 ii
Abstract iii
目錄 iv
表目錄 vii
圖目錄 ix
第一章 緖論 1
1.1 研究背景及研究動機 1
1.2 研究目的 3
1.3 研究範圍 3
1.4 研究架構 3
第二章 文獻探討 5
2.1 足部構造與特徵 5
2.1.1 骨骼構造 5
2.1.2 足弓構造 7
2.1.3 足型特徵影響因素 8
2.1.4 小結 9
2.2 足部量測方法 9
2.2.1 足部量測法應用與限制 10
2.2.2 量測精確度 12
2.2.3 小結 13
2.3 負重的影響 13
2.3.1 負重名稱及定義說明 14
2.3.2 負重對足部尺寸相關研究 15
2.3.3 負重對身體姿勢相關研究 18
2.3.4 小結 19
2.4 文獻總結 20
第三章 研究方法 21
3.1 研究對象 21
3.2 實驗儀器及設備介紹 21
3.2.1 3D足部掃描儀 21
3.2.2 量測平台 22
3.2.3 迷彩背包及砝碼 23
3.2.4 電子體重計 24
3.3 足部標記點與量測尺寸訂定 25
3.3.1 足部標記點 25
3.3.2 足部尺寸分析及訂定 26
3.4 儀器校驗與人員訓練 26
3.4.1 校正規驗證 27
3.4.2 足部模型驗證 28
3.5 實驗設計 31
3.5.1 自變項 31
3.5.2 依變項 31
3.5.3 控制變項 31
3.6 實驗流程與資料分析 32
3.6.1 準備階段 33
3.6.2 實驗階段 33
3.6.3 資料處理 36
3.6.4 數據分析 37
第四章 量測結果分析與比較 38
4.1 受試者基本資料 38
4.1.1 年齡分佈 38
4.1.2 身高分佈 39
4.1.3 體重分佈 39
4.1.4 年資分佈 40
4.1.5 官階/軍種分佈 40
4.2 負重對足部尺寸及重量分佈之敘述性統計 41
4.2.1 足部各項尺寸之敘述性統計 41
4.2.2 負重對足部承重之分析 45
4.3 負重對足部尺寸影響之結果與分析 45
4.3.1 負重對足部尺寸之影響 45
4.3.2 足部尺寸差異及變化程度 46
4.4 國內、外文獻分析資料及比較 52
第五章 結論與建議 56
5.1 結論及管理意涵 56
5.1.1 結論 56
5.1.2 管理意涵 57
5.2 研究限制 58
5.3 建議及未來研究方向 58
參考文獻 60
附錄A 66
附錄B 72
附錄C 77
附錄D 78

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