臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

尋找可以替代性的能源是目前全球的重要課題，其中生質能源被認為是具有潛力的替代能源。在這樣的氛圍下，生質丁醇再度受到關注，丁醇的生產可藉由微生物將農業廢棄物水解糖化後發酵獲得。目前發現利用離子液體在較溫和的條件下將木質纖維素水解後釋出糖類以利微生物利用，但是，水解液內含的離子液體也許對後端的微生物丁醇發酵是否有抑制或促進的作用尚未有足夠的探討。
本研究的目的在探討不同種類的離子液體與不同濃度的離子液體對Clostridium saccharoperbutylacetonicum N1-4行acetone-butanol-ethanol (ABE)發酵的影響。由研究結果中可發現，批次實驗中添加濃度為1.0 g/L的離子液體[BMIM-Cl]可以幫助丁醇的產量從原來的3530 mg/L提升至5820 mg/L，然而，丁醇的生產速率提升最多卻是濃度為1.0 g/L [EMIM-Cl]，其[EMIM-Cl] 的丁醇生產速率可以從原來的2220 mg/L/day提升至8890 mg/L/day(約增加了305%)；而添加濃度為1.0 g/L的離子液體[EMIM-DEP]則可以幫助總ABE產量的提升，其總ABE產量可從原來的6210 mg/L提升至9910 mg/L，但是[EMIM-DEP]的總ABE生產速率並沒有離子液體[EMIM-Cl]的高，其[EMIM-Cl]的生產速率可以從原來的3640 g/L/day提升至7400 mg/L/day；另外，添加濃度為 1.0 g/L離子液體[EMIM-DEP]也可促使葡萄糖的利用率從原來的74%提升至90%，且添加離子液體[EMIM-DEP] 隨著添加濃度的增加促使細胞濃度上升。
離子液體濃度增加相對的延長C. saccharoperbutylacetonicum N1-4啟動丁醇發酵的時間，但是對於最終的丁醇產量影響並不會太大。最後，添加離子液體雖有些微的幫助，不過如果濃度太高反而會減少丁醇與總ABE的產量與產率，以及使葡糖糖利用率下降。

Due to energy shortage and environmental impact, renewable energy has been draw lots of attentions in the last decade. Bioenergy is considered a potential renewable energy that converts biomass into either biofuel or biogas. In particular, acetone-butanol-ethanol (ABE) fermentation from biomass has regained lots of attentation lately. Before ABE fermentation, biomass should be hydrolyzed for releasing fermentable sugars. This relies on physical, chemical, or biological treatment to break down the matrix structure of biomass. Using ionic liquids (ILs) for biomass hydrolysis is developed due to its multiadvan -tages. ILs after hydrolysis can be collected from hydrolysate for reuse. However, there still have some residuals. The influence of the residuals of ILs in the hydrolysate on fermentation is barely reported.
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of different ILs on butanol fermentation by Clostridium saccharoperbutyl -acetonicum N1-4. The results show that the addition of 1.0 g/L [BMIM-Cl] in the fermentation broth increased butanol concentration from 3530 mg/L to 5820 mg/L. However, the presence of [EMIM-Cl] exhibitssignificant influence on butanol production. The butanol production rate increased from 2220 mg/L/day to 8890 mg/L/day (approximately 305% increase) when [EMIM-Cl] of 1.0 g/L was added. This concentration also increased ABE production rate from 3640 to 7400 mg/L/day. For [EMIM- DEP], it was observed that [EMIM- DEP] of 1.0 g/L increased ABE concentration from 6210 mg/L to 9910 mg/L, comparing to that of no ILs addition. This added concentration also resulted in an incease of glucose consumption efficiency from 74 to 90%. Meanwhile, the addition of [EMIM- DEP] was also found to improve the cell growth.
In sum, the existence of ILs extended the lag time of ABE fermentation. In addition, ILs with low concentration magnified either butanol or ABE production. On the contrary, the high ILs concentration led to an inhibitory effect on ABE fermentation.

中文摘要 I
Abstract II
誌 謝 III
目錄 IV
表目錄 VII
圖目錄 VIII
第一章 緒論 1
1-1 研究背景 1
1-2 研究目的 2
第二章 文獻回顧 4
2-1 生質能源 4
2-2 Acetone-Butanol-Ethanol (A-B-E) 發酵 6
2-2-1 A-B-E發酵歷史 6
2-2-2 醇化梭狀芽孢桿菌 6
2-2-3 影響Clostridia於發酵中的因子 7
2-3 纖維素的糖化 11
2-3-1 預處理步驟 12
2-3-2 水解步驟 13
2-4 離子液體 16
2-4-1 定義 16
2-4-2 離子液體歷史發展 16
2-4-3 離子液體基本特性 17
2-4-4 離子液體常見用途 18
2-4-5 離子液體對纖維素的糖化處理 19
第三章 研究方法 20
3-1 研究架構 20
3-2 實驗流程 21
3-3 實驗器材 22
3-4 實驗步驟 27
3-4-1 菌種來源 27
3-4-2 Peptone-Yeast-Glucose (PYG) 培養液配置 27
3-4-3 種源培養 29
3-4-4 植種培養 30
3-4-5 批次實驗 30
3-5 化學分析 31
3-5-1 pH 32
3-5-2 酸醇 32
3-5-3 葡萄糖檢測 32
3-5-4 細胞濃度 33
3-6 數據分析 34
3-6-1 Modified Gompertz Model分析 34
第四章 結果與討論 36
4-1 添加不同種類IL於批次發酵下之比較 36
4-1-1 離子液體於不同濃度下之丁醇的比較 36
4-1-2 離子液體於不同濃度下之丙酮的比較 41
4-1-3 離子液體於不同濃度下之總ABE的比較 45
4-1-4 離子液體於不同濃度下之葡萄糖濃度的比較 49
4-2 動力學比較 53
4-2-1 丁醇之動力學分析比較 53
4-2-2 丙酮之動力學分析比較 57
4-2-3 總ABE之動力學分析比較 61
4-2-4 與空白之相對比較 65
第五章 結論與建議 70
5-1 結論 70
5-2 建議 71
參考文獻 72
附錄 84

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