|
As the uplifting of living standard in Taiwan, the consumption of tea is in
creasing in recent years. More and more customers expect for buying organic t
ea because of concerning about their own health. In organic farming system, fa
rmers use organic fertilizer instead of chemical fertilizer to protect the env
ironment and to maintain the ecosystem balance. However, we don''t know much a
bout the effect of tea plants growing on different organic fertilizer. The eff
ects of pea-rice hull compost and hog dung manure in acid red soil and calcare
ous soil on the growth and nutrient uptake of TTES No.12 and Chin-shin Oolong
were studied in this study. Besides, an incubation experiment was set to see t
he decomposition and nutrient releasing of the two organic fertilizers in the
two soils. In the pot experiment, two organic fertilizers, two soils, and two
kinds of tea cultivar were used and chemical fertilizer was as check treatment
. There were twelve treatments and each treatment was replicated six times and
arranged in randomized completely block design. The tea plants and soil sampl
es were sampled after nine months planting. The tea plants were separated into
root, stem and leaf and the nitrogen composition, and the concentration of ph
osphorous, potassium, calcium, magnesium, iron, aluminum, and manganese were a
nalyzed. The pH, electric conductivity of saturation extract, the concentratio
n of nitrate nitrogen, ammonium nitrogen and Bray No. 1 extractable P of soils
were also determined. There were sixteen treatments and every treatment was r
eplicatedthree times in the incubation experiment. The soils were sampled ever
y ten days and were analyzed pH, electric conductivity of saturation extract,
the concentration of nitrate nitrogen and ammonium nitrogen.In the pot experim
ent, TTES No.12 that grew in red soil and applied with hog dung manure had the
highestproduction and absorbed most nitrogen among the treatments. The tea pl
ants grew better in red soil than in calcareous soil and TTES No.12 grew bette
r thanChin-shin Oolong. The nitrogen concentration of the tea plants growing i
n redsoil was higher than that in calcareous soil. Both nitrate nitrogen and a
mmonium nitrogen concentration in the tea plants was low. Insoluble nitrogen w
as the major portion of nitrogen and the insoluble nitrogen concentration of t
he tea plants growing in red soil was higher than that in calcareous soil. The
trend of total soluble reduced nitrogen and soluble organic nitrogen concentr
ationon was similar. In acid red soil, the tea plants absorbed more phosphorou
s and the concentration were higher in organic fertilizer treatment than that
in chemicalfertilizer treatment. The concentration of potassium was also highe
r in red soil and affected by the concentration of calcium in the tea plants.
In red soil,the hog dung manure treated plant had the highest calcium concentr
ation but that in calcareous soil was higher than in red soil. The magnesium c
oncentrationwas higher in organic fertilizer treatment than that in chemical f
ertilizertreatment. The aluminum concentration of the tea plants growing in re
d soil was significantly higher and that in TTES No. 12.The aluminum concentra
tion in TTES No. 12 was higher than that in Chin-shin Oolong.Most aluminum wa
s concentrated in roots and iron, too. The manganeseconcentration of the tea p
lants growing in red soil was higher than that inother parts. The absorption o
f aluminum and manganese was also affected by calcium in the growth medium. In
the incubation experiment, the soil pH was increasing slowly at the beginning
and then decreasing. Soil with higher application rate of organic fertilizer
and higher water content had higher electric conductivity of saturation extra
ct. In red soil, the electric conductivity of saturation extract of hog dung m
anure treatmentwas higher than that of pea-rice hull compost treatment but the
reverse was true in calcareous soil. The ammonium nitrogen concentration in b
oth soils was low and decreasing by time. The nitrate nitrogen concentration i
n both soils was increasing by time and the application rate of fertilizers. T
he nitrate concentration in calcareous soil was higher than that in the red so
il.
|