臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

今日的圖書館致力於提供以使用者為導向之服務。使用者是否能夠適應圖書館的環境，使用者在圖書館中是否會因為圖書館人員、館藏、館舍或設備而產生負面的情緒，是圖書館所應關注之議題。本研究旨在探討中興大學圖書館使用者產生圖書館焦慮之情況；不同個人背景之使用者其圖書館焦慮程度是否有所差異；以及使用者與館員對於圖書館焦慮之看法。

本研究首先藉由文獻探討瞭解圖書館焦慮之意義與內涵，而後利用圖書館焦慮量表調查圖書館使用者產生圖書館焦慮之情況。本研究以中興大學學生為主要研究對象，共計發放300份問卷，回收有效問卷222份，回收率為74%；最後，為進一步瞭解使用者以及館員對於圖書館焦慮之看法，研究者針對13位使用者以及9位第一線館員進行訪談。希冀藉由不同研究對象及研究方法來檢視使用者產生圖書館焦慮之情況。本研究結果顯示：一、中興大學圖書館使用者產生圖書館焦慮的情況並不嚴重，僅有極少數的使用者屬於高圖書館焦慮之使用者；二、不同性別、學院別及年級別的使用者在部分圖書館焦慮因素達到顯著差異；三、呈現圖書館焦慮情況之使用者對於「設備因素」之焦慮程度高於一般使用者；四、館員認為使用者有圖書館焦慮的情況，但未達嚴重焦慮之程度。

依據研究結論，針對圖書館焦慮情況，提出下列五項建議：一、圖書館應定期實施使用者研究，以掌握使用者的感受；二、圖書館利用教育課程應朝向不同使用者需求擬定課程之方向發展，以提昇使用者之圖書館使用能力；三、圖書館應主動且積極地行銷圖書館服務，以增加使用者對圖書館資源與服務的瞭解；四、館員應提昇形象與專業能力，以增加使用者與館員互動的意願；五、圖書館讀者服務部門應與技術服務部門加強溝通，以緩和使用者圖書館焦慮的情況。

As libraries are making great efforts to provide user-oriented services at present, whether users experience uncomfortable feelings resulted from encountering library staffs, library collections, library building, and library facilities has caused growing concerns among librarians. The purpose of this study is to examine if library anxiety is present among academic library users, and to discover whether groups of users experience different levels of library anxiety. Meanwhile, it also investigates the views of users and librarians about library anxiety.

The study conducted a case study at the National Chung Hsing University. The study included literature analysis, survey method with a questionnaire and interview. The purpose of literature analysis was aimed to explore the significance and context of library anxiety, and use library anxiety scale to assess levels of library anxiety experienced by users. From 300 copies of questionnaire distributed, 222 valid questionnaires were returned, with a return rate of 74.0%. Then, there were interviews with thirteen users and nine librarians, to get in a more depth opinions on library anxiety. The major findings of this study were listed as follows: 1.Library anxiety is not an overwhelming phenomenon, only few users are high-anxious users; 2.There are significant differences for some dimensions among the variables of academic user’s gender, college, and year of study; 3.Users who display signs of library anxiety tended to experience significantly higher levels of library anxiety associated with mechanical barriers than general users; 4.Librarians perceive users experience library anxiety, but consider that their level of library anxiety are not serious.

Based on results of the study, the author made the following suggestions: 1.Libraries should implement user study on a regular time to understand users’ feelings; 2.Library instructions should be customized to meet individual user’s requirements, to improve their abilities to utilize the library; 3.Libraies should actively promote library services, to raise users’ familiarity with the library services; 4.Librarians should enhance professional image and abilities, to encourage users’ willingness to interact with librarians; 5.Public services division should improve communication with technical services division, to reduce library anxiety among users.

第一章 緒論 1
第一節 研究背景與動機 1
第二節 研究目的 3
第三節 研究問題 3
第四節 研究方法 4
第五節 研究範圍與限制 4
第六節 預期貢獻 5
第七節 名詞解釋 5
註釋 7
第二章 文獻探討 9
第一節 焦慮的意義與內涵 9
第二節 圖書館焦慮的意義與內涵 12
第三節 圖書館焦慮的預防與緩和方式 32
註釋 37
第三章 研究設計與實施 46
第一節 研究方法 46
第二節 研究對象 47
第三節 研究工具 49
第四節 研究步驟 52
第五節 資料整理與分析 54
註釋 55
第四章 研究結果與分析 56
第一節 問卷基本資料分析 56
第二節 使用者圖書館焦慮情況之問卷分析 61
第三節 使用者個人背景因素與圖書館焦慮之差異分析 76
第四節 使用者圖書館焦慮之訪談分析 88
第五節 館員對圖書館焦慮看法之訪談分析 100
第六節 綜合討論 115
註釋 121
第五章 結論與建議 122
第一節 結論 122
第二節 建議 124
第三節 後續研究建議 126
參考書目 128
一、中文資料 128
二、西文資料 130
附錄一 圖書館焦慮量表 136
附錄二 使用者訪談大綱 140
附錄三 館員訪談大綱 141
附錄四 觀察記錄表 142
附錄五 研究問卷授權書 143

（一）圖書
K. T. Strongman著；游恆山譯，情緒心理學（The Psychology of Emotion）。（臺北巿：五南，民82年。
Philip C. Kendall編；康子俊等譯，兒童與青少年治療（Child and Adolescent Therapy: Cognitive-Behavioral Procedures）。臺北市：五南，民93年。
王文科。教育研究法。臺北市：五南，民91年。
光復書局大美百科全書編輯部編，大美百科全書第2冊。臺北市：光復書局，民79年。
朱敬先。健康心理學。臺北巿：五南，民81年。
亞伯•霍德（Albert B. Hood）、理查•強森（Richard W. Johnson）著；黃蘭雯等譯，諮商評量：心理學評量工具使用指南（Assessment in Counseling: A Guide to the Use of Psychological Instruments）。臺北縣新店市：桂冠，民92年。
胡述兆、吳祖善合著。圖書館學導論。台北市：漢美，民80年。
張春興、楊國樞合著。心理學。臺北市：三民書局，民58年。
理查．伍爾曼（Richard Saul Wurman）著；張美惠譯，資訊焦慮（Information Anxiety）。臺北巿：時報文化，民85年。
湯盛欽。「焦慮」。中國大百科全書出版社編輯部，中國大百科全書。臺北市：綿繡，民82年。
黃天中、洪英正合著。心理學。臺北巿：桂冠，民81年。
黃宗忠著。圖書館管理學。臺北市：天肯，1995。
楊美華。「大學圖書館」。胡述兆編，圖書館學與資訊科學大辭典，上冊。臺北市：漢美，民84年。
漢斯•莫心思基（Hans Morschitzky）、絲琴•薩托（Sigrid Sator）著；竇維儀譯，不再焦慮。臺中市：晨星，民93年。
鄧淼、李綱合編。焦慮症。臺北市：諾亞森林，民93年。
羅洛•梅（Rollo May）著，朱侃如譯，焦慮的意義（The Meaning of Anxiety）。臺北縣新店市：立緒文化，民93年。


（二）期刊論文
王子懿。「庫爾梭模式：探索讀者在資訊搜尋過程中認知與感覺的演變 (下)」。圖書與資訊學刊14卷（民84年8月）：頁43-57。
吳明德。「我國大學圖書館合作館藏發展問題探討」。大學圖書館7卷1期（民92年3月）：頁2-24。
沈勝昂。「以非語言行為表現偵測個人處於焦慮狀態的可能性」。警學叢刊29卷2期（民87年9月）：頁91-110。
陳亞寧。「步循資源共享的歷史軌跡，探討圖書館聯盟的演變與發展」。資訊傳播與圖書館學7卷1期（民89年9月）：頁51-72。
陳格理。「圖書館的標示系統」。臺北市立圖書館館訊15卷2期（民86年12月）：頁11-31。
陳格理。「圖書館尋路工作之理念與設計」。中國圖書館學會會報62期（民88年6月）：頁119-134。
楊時榮。「圖書館安全規劃之探討」。佛教圖書館館訊8期（民85年12月）：頁13-19。
鄭靜欣、林麗娟。「讀者焦慮層面分析」。國立中央圖書館臺灣分館館刊4卷1期（民86年9月）：頁 22-30。
盧荷生。「我們需要一個明確的圖書館政策」。臺北市立圖書館館訊15卷1期（民86年9月）：頁64-71。
鍾思嘉、龍長風。「修訂情境與特質焦慮量表之研究」。測驗年刊31期（民73年1月）：頁27-36。
鍾思瑩。「政大學生圖書館焦慮之探討」。圖書與資訊學刊 25卷（民87年3月）：頁73-91。

（三）博碩士論文
邱俊仁。「高雄地區國一學生數學焦慮與數學成就之相關研究」。國立高雄師範大學數學系，碩士論文，民92年。
黃郁雯。「電腦自我效能、電腦經驗及他人支持三者與電腦態度及電腦焦慮之關係」。國立政治大學心理系，碩士論文，民92年。
鄭靜欣。公共圖書館使用者焦慮相關因素之研究－以臺北市立圖書館為例。私立輔仁大學圖書資訊學研究所，碩士論文，民85年。

（四）網路資源
「大學圖書館設立及營運基準」。＜http://www.ncl.edu.tw/bbs/pdf/5-2.pdf＞（28 Sep. 2004）。
中興大學研教組，「研究生人數統計表」
＜http://140.120.1.20/home/indodep/grade/WWW/announce/StNo.htm＞ （22 May. 2005）。
中興大學圖書館，「圖書館組織章程」
＜http://www.lib.nchu.edu.tw/＞（19 Apr. 2005）。
尹國杰，「學習拖延研究述評」
＜http://cyber.swnu.edu.cn/mcjy/KAIKUANG/1/PAGES/clu
b/disp.asp?owner=A201&ID=548＞（16 Apr. 2005）。
李立維，「心理學」
＜http://memo.cgu.edu.tw/li-wei/＞（27 Feb. 2005）。
林世光，「焦慮症」< http://www.ilife.org.tw/anxiety.htm > (20 Dec. 2004)。

二、西文資料
（一）圖書
Gay, L. R. Educational Research: Competencies for Analysis and Application. New York: Merrill, 1992.
Grassian, Esther S. and Joan R. Kaplowitz. Information Literacy Instruction: Theory and Practice. New York: Neal-Schuman, 2001.
Onwuegbuzie, Anthony J., Qun G. Jiao, and Sharon Lee Bostick. Library Anxiety: Theory, Research, and Applications. Oxford: Scarecrow Press, 2004.
Spielberger, Charles Donald. Anxiety and Behavior. New York: Academic Press, 1966.

（二）期刊論文
Anwar, Mumtaz A., Charlene L. Al-Qallaf, and Noriah M. Al-Kandari. “Use of Bostick''s Library Anxiety Scale on Undergraduate Biological Sciences Students of Kuwait University.” Library and Information Science Research 26, no. 2 (2004): 266-283.
Bungard, Teresa. “Reducing Library Anxiety and Defining Teaching.” Research Strategies 5 (1987): 146-147.
Burns, David D. “The Perfectionist’s Script for Self-Defeat.” Psychology Today 14 (1980): 34-52.
Cleveland, Alison. “Library Anxiety: A decade of Empirical Research.” Library Review 53, no.3 (2004): 177-185.
Egan, Philip J. “Bridging the Gap between the Student and the Library.” College Teaching 40, no. 2 (1992): 67-70.
Ellen, Bosman and Rusinek Carol. “Creating the User-friendly Library by Evaluating Patron Perceptions of Signage.” Reference Services Review 25, no. 1 (1997): 71-82.
Fliotsos, Anne. “Anxiety Layering: The Effects of Library and Computer Anxiety on CD-ROM Use.” The Southeastern Librarian 42, no. 2 (1992): 47-49.
Gliatto, Michael F. “Generalized Anxiety Disorder.” American Family Physician 62, no. 7 (2000): 1591-1601.
Jacobson, F. F. “Gender Differences in Attitudes toward Using Computers in Libraries: An Exploratory Study.” Library & Information Science Research 13, no. 3 (1991): 267-279.
Jerabek, J. Ann, Linda S. Meyer, and S. Thomas Kordinak. “Library Anxiety and Computer Anxiety: Measures, Validity, and Research Implications.” Library & Information Science Research 23, no. 3 (2001): 277-289.
Jiao, Qun G. and Anthony J. Onwuegbuzie. “Library Anxiety among International Students.” Paper Presented at the Annual Meeting of the Mid-south Education Research Association, November 17-19, 1999.
Jiao, Qun G. and Anthony J. Onwuegbuzie. “Dimensions of Library Anxiety and Social Interdependence: Implications for Library Services.” Library Review 51, no. 2 (2002): 71-78.
Jiao, Qun G. and Anthony J. Onwuegbuzie. “Is Library Anxiety Important.” Library Review Bradford 48, Issue. 6 (1999): 278-282.
Jiao, Qun G. and Anthony J. Onwuegbuzie. “Library Anxiety and Characteristic Strengths and Weaknesses of Graduate Students’ Study Habits.” Library Review 50, no. 2 (2001): 73-80.
Jiao, Qun G. and Anthony J. Onwuegbuzie. “Perfectionism and Library Anxiety among Graduate Students.” The Journal of Academic Librarianship 24, no. 5 (1998): 365-371.
Jiao, Qun G. and Anthony J. Onwuegbuzie. “Reading Ability as a Predictor of Library Anxiety.” Library Review 52, no, 4 (2003): 159-169.
Jiao, Qun G. and Anthony J. Onwuegbuzie. “Self-Perception and Library Anxiety: An Empirical Study.” Library Review 48, no. 3 (1999): 140-147.
Jiao, Qun G. and Anthony J. Onwuegbuzie. “The Impact of Information Technology on Library Anxiety: The Role of Computer Anxiety.” Information Technology And Libraries 23, no. 4 (2004): 138-144.
Jiao, Qun G., Anthony J. Onwuegbuzie and Art A. Lichtenstein. “Library Anxiety: Characteristics of “At-Risk” College Students.” Library and Information Science Research 18, no. 2 (1996): 151-163.
Jiao, Qun G., Anthony J. Onwuegbuzie and Sharon Lee. Bostick. “Racial Differences in Library Anxiety among Graduate Students.” Library Review 53, no. 4 (2004): 228-235.
Jiao, Qun G., Anthony J. Onwuegbuzie and Sharon Lee Bostick. “The Relationship between Race and Library Anxiety among Graduate Students: A Replication Study.” Information Processing and Management 42, no. 1 (2005): 1-9.
Jiao, Qun G., Anthony J. Onwuegbuzie, and Christine E. Daley. “Factors Associated with Library Anxiety.” in Annual American Educational Research Association Conference, March 24-28 (Chicago, IL, 1997), 1-11.
Joesting, J. and G. I. Whitehead. “Relationships of State and Trait Anxiety to Grades in Educational Psychology.” Psychological Reports 40 (1979): 705-706.
Joseph, Miriam E. “The Cure for Library Anxiety: It May Not Be What You Think.” Catholic Library World 63, no. 2 (1991): 111-114.
Julien, Heidi. “A Content Analysis of the Recent Information Needs and Uses Literature.” Library and Information Science Research 18, no. 1 (1996): 53-65.
Keefer, Jane. “The Hungry Rats Syndrome: Library Anxiety, Information Literacy, And the Academic Reference Process.” RQ 32, no. 3 (1993): 333-339.
Kuhlthau, Carol Collier. “Developing a Model of the Library Search Process: Cognitive and Affective Aspects.” RQ 28 (1988): 232-242.
Kuhlthau, Carol Collier. “Inside the Search Process: Information Seeking From the User’s Perspective.” Journal of the American Society for Information Science 42, no. 5 (1991): 361-371.
Kupersmith, John. “Library Anxiety and Library Graphics.” Research Strategies (1987): 36-38.
Mark, Beth L. and Trudi E. Jacobson. “Teaching Anxious Students Skills for the Electronic Library.” College Teaching 43, no. 1 (1995): 28-32.
Mech, Terrence F. and Charles I. Brooks. “Library Anxiety among College Students: An Exploratory Study.” in 7th National Conference of the Association of College and Research Libraries Held in Pittsburgh, Pa, 30 March-2 April, 1995.
Mech, Terrence F. and Charles I. Brooks. “Anxiety and Confidence in Using a Library by College Freshmen and Seniors.” Psychological Reports 81 (1997): 929-930.
Mellon, Constance A. “Library Anxiety and the Non-Traditional Student.” In Reaching and Teaching Diverse Library User Groups, ed. Teresa Mensching (Ann Arbor: Pierian Press, 1989), 77-81.
Mellon, Constance A. “Library Anxiety: A Ground Theory and Its Development.” College & Research Libraries 47, no. 2 (1986): 160-165.
Mellon, Constance A. “Attitudes: The Forgotten Dimension in Library Instruction.” Library Journal 113, no. 14 (1988): 137-139.
Miller, Connie. “Library Anxiety: Some Additional Considerations.” College & Research Libraries 47, no. 5 (1986): 512-514.
Nelson, Rosemery O. “Realistic Dependent Measures for Clinical Use.” Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology 49, no. 2 (1981): 168-182.
Onwuegbuzie, Anthony J. “Writing a Research Proposal: The Role of Library Anxiety, Statistics Anxiety, and Composition Anxiety.” Library & Information Science Research 19, no. 1 (1997): 5-33.
Onwuegbuzie, Anthony J. “The Role of Technology in the Library Anxiety of Arkansas College Students.” Arkansas Association of Instructional Media Quarterly 30, no. 3 (1997): 6-8.
Onwuegbuzie, Anthony J. and Qun G. Jiao, “Identifying Library Anxiety through Students’s Learning-Modality Preferences.” Library Quarterly 69, no. 2 (1999): 202-216.
Onwuegbuzie, Anthony J. and Qun G. Jiao. “I''ll Go to the Library Later: The Relationship between Academic Procrastination and Library Anxiety.” College and Research Libraries 61, no. 1 (2000): 45-54.
Onwuegbuzie, Anthony J. and Qun G. Jiao. “The Relationship Between Library Anxiety and Learning Styles among Graduate Students: Implications for Library Instruction.” Library & Information Science Research 20, no. 3 (1998): 235-249.
Shoham, Snunoth and Diane Mizrachi. “Library Anxiety among Undergraduates: A Study of Israeli B.Ed Students.” The Journal of Academic Librarianship 27, no. 4 (2001): 305-319.
Swope, Mary Jane and Jeffrey Katzer. “Why Do Not They Ask Questions.” RQ 12, no. 2 (1976): 161-166.
Tidwell, Sandra L. “Reducing Library Anxiety with a Creative Video and In-Class Discussion.” Research Strategies 12, no. 3 (1994): 187-190
Van Kampen, Doris Judy. “Development and Validation of the Multidimensional Library Anxiety Scale.” College and Research Libraries 65, no. 1 (2004): 28-34.
Van Scoyoc, Anna M. “Reducing Library Anxiety in First-Year Students: The Impact of Computer-Assisted Instruction and Bibliographic Instruction.” Reference and User Services Quarterly 42, no. 4 (2003): 329-341.
Veal, Robin. “The Relationship between Library Anxiety and Off-Campus Adult Learners.” Journal of Library Administration 37, no.3/4 (2002): 529-536.
Westbrook, Lynn and Sharon DeDecker. “Supporting User Needs and Skills to Minimize Library Anxiety: Considerations for Academic Libraries.” Reference Librarian 40 (1993): 43-51.
Zahner, Jane E. “Thoughts, Feelings and Action: Integrating Domains in Library Instruction.” In Proceedings of Selected Research and Development Presentations at the Convention of the Association for Educational Communications and Technology Sponsored by the Research and Theory Division, January 13-17 1993, 1.

（三）博碩士論文
Ben Omran, Abdulaziz Ibraheem. “Library Anxiety and Internet Anxiety among Graduate Students of a Major Research University.” PhD Dissertation: University of Pittsburgh, 2001.
Bostick, Sharon Lee. “The Development and Validation of the Library Anxiety Scale.” PhD Dissertation: MIL Wayne State University, 1992.
Brannan, Joyce A. “A Study of Library Anxiety in History and Physical Education Majors.” Master Dissertation: University of Southern Mississippi, 2003.
Van Kampen, Doris Judy. “Library Anxiety, The Information Search Process and Doctoral Use of the Library.” PhD Dissertation: University of Central Florida, 2003.

（四）網路資源
Heylighen, Francis. “Complexity and Information Overload in Society: Why Increasing efficiency Leads to Decreasing Control.”
＜http://pespmc1.vub.ac.be/Papers/Info-Overload.pdf ＞ (19 Apr. 2005).
Johnson, Debra E. “Library Anxiety: Review of Literature.”
＜http://www.pages.drexel.edu/~dej24/Review of Literature.doc＞(22 May. 2005)