臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

　　傳統以升壓式轉換器實現之小型風力發電機轉換器具有效率低、震
動及噪音等問題;在都會區風場快速變化之場合則有最大功率點追蹤
(MPPT)之速度及精確度問題;在高風速下亦有煞車及定功率控制不易等
問題。為解決上述限制，本論文研擬一使用變頻及定轉速控制之變流器
以驅動永磁同步發電機，免除高損耗之橋式整流器並使發電機電流為正
弦，克服效率低、震動及噪音等問題。其次基於定轉速控制提出MPPT
快速追蹤方法，克服風速變化快速之限制，並利用將工作點偏移至低轉
速區作定功率控制以降低高風速下電阻煞車之需求。本論文亦設計三相
市電併聯變流器，將風力機所發電力以高功因及三相平衡方式饋入市電。
最後實際研製一5kW 系統，並透過一些模擬與實驗結果來驗證所提方法
之可行性。

　Small wind turbine generator has the disadvantages of low efficiency,
vibration and acoustic noise by using conventional boost-based driver. The
maximum power point tracking (MPPT) precision and response speed is also
a critical problem in fast wind speed variation region. The braking and
constant power control in high speed region raises the reliability problem,
too. To cope with these problems, this thesis proposes a variable speed
three-phase inverter-based drive for PMSG wind turbine generator. Due to
sinusoidal and continuous conduction mode current the low efficiency,
vibration and acoustic noise problems is alleviated. A fast MPPT method and
an operating point deviation approach to reduce the requirement of resistor
braking are presented along with the constant speed control. This thesis also
develops a grid-connected inverter, through which the wind power can feed
to the grid with low distorted and three-phase balanced manner. A 5kW
prototype system is designed and implemented, the effectiveness of the
proposed methods is confirmed with some simulation and experimental
results.

中文摘要 I
英文摘要 II
目錄 IV
圖目錄 VII
表目錄 XII
第一章 緒論 1
1.1 研究背景 1
1.2 研究動機與目的 3
1.3 文獻探討 3
1.3.1 橋式整流濾波加升壓式架構 3
1.3.2 橋式整流加DCM PFC升壓式架構 4
1.3.3 無橋式DCM PFC升壓式架構 5
1.3.4 全橋式SPWM變流器 5
1.4 論文架構 6
第二章 三相變頻式小型風力發電併市電系統之原理 7
2.1簡介 7
2.2 工作模式 8
2.3 轉換器電路架構及工作原理 10
2.3.1 市電併聯變流器控制架構 11
2.3.2 三相變頻式小型風力發電控制架構 12
第三章 三相變頻式小型風力發電系統之分析與設計 14
3.1 風力發電機之原理 14
3.1.1 簡介 14
3.1.2 風機種類介紹 15
3.1.3 風機原理與分析 17
3.1.4永磁式同步發電機之原理與分析 22
3.2風力發電系統之市電併聯電路架構 31
3.3 三相變頻式小型風力發電系統之設計 33
3.4 最大功率點追蹤(MPPT)法之分析 36
3.4.1 擾動觀察法 36
3.4.2 三點權位比較法 39
3.4.3 責任週期微調控制法 41
3.4.4 爬坡搜尋法 43
3.4.5 本文所提之最大功率追蹤法 44
3.5 三相風力發電系統之模擬 46
第四章三相市電併聯變流器之分析與設計 54
4.1三相市電併聯變流器之模型推導 54
4.2直交軸轉換原理 57
4.3三相市電併聯變流器之控制器設計 58
4.4三相市電併聯變流器之模擬 60
第五章 所提三相變頻式小型風力發電系統之整合、實現與驗證 64
5.1 整合系統之模擬驗證 65
5.2系統之實現 66
5.3 DSP-based系統之實現 69
5.3.1 數位訊號處理器TMS320LF2812A之簡介 69
5.3.2數位訊號處理器TMS320LF2812A之各功能說明 72
5.4 數位控制演算法之實現 80
5.5 三相市電併聯變流器之實驗結果 82
5.6 風力發電之實驗結果 89
5.7系統整合之實驗結果 94
第六章 結論與未來展望 101
6.1 結論 101
6.2 未來展望 101

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