臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

布拉格光纖光柵的反射波長對應變和溫度變化有敏感的特性，本論文即利用此特性，在恆溫下以布拉格光纖光柵為感測頭，來量測振動頻率，因為物體的振動會使得布拉格光纖光柵產生弦波式的應變，此振動應變會使得光纖中的導光產生些微的相位差，利用干涉儀並經解調系統即可測得此相位差，進而求得振動頻率。本論文使用不平衡式馬赫—詹德干涉儀及布拉格光纖光柵來做為感測的架構，利用不同路徑的兩道光，因經過振動源需不同的時間，造成兩道光的相位差，再經由解調電路解出因振動訊號所造成的相位差，進而求得振動頻率。
本實驗架構為一新構型布拉格光纖光柵振動感測器，與原構型布拉格光纖光柵感測器比較，其訊號強度大於4dB左右，相較於傳統加速規測量振動訊號，其優點為易於實際的佈放，並且為全光路設計，對低頻振動頻率量測準確度可達99.971%，並且系統的動態範圍可達45dB以上，比原構型感測架構大9dB左右，最小可測訊號可達 0.0075rad。

The reflection wavelength of Fiber Bragg Grating is sensitive to the strain and the temperature’s variation. We use Fiber Bragg Grating to be the sensor head and measure the vibration frequency in constant temperature environment. The vibration of object can make the sinusoidal strain to Fiber Bragg Grating, and it will make a little phase difference to the light of the fiber. Using the interferometer and demodulation system, we can measure the phase difference and vibration frequency. Our sensor configuration is made up of imbalance Mach-Zehnder interferometer and Fiber Bragg Grating. The two light of different path need different time to pass through the vibration source, so they make phase difference. We use the demodulation circuit to measure the phase difference causing by vibration and get the vibration frequency.
Our experiment structure is a novel configuration of Fiber Bragg Grating vibration sensor. Its intensity of signal is larger than the intensity of original sensor configuration, about 4dB.The novel sensor configuration is easier spread than traditional accelerometer and it is designed of all fiber. The accuracy for measuring low frequency vibration is 99.971%. The Dynamic range of the system is more than 45dB. It is larger than the dynamic range of original sensor configuration, about 9dB. The smallest signal that can be measured is about 0.0075rad.

目 錄
頁次
中文摘要 i
英文摘要 ii
誌謝 iii
目錄 iv
圖目錄 vii
表目錄 xi
符號表 xii
第一章 簡介
1.1研究背景與文獻回顧 1
1.2研究動機 3
1.3 論文結構 4
第二章 光纖暨光柵基本介紹及感測原理分析
2.1光纖基本介紹 5
2.1.1結構 5
2.1.2傳遞原理 5
2.1.3傳遞損失 6
2.1.4分類 7
2.2光纖感測原理分析 8
2.2.1感測因子 8
2.2.2干涉現象 9
2.3光纖光柵基本介紹 10
2.3.1光纖光柵種類 10
2.3.2光纖光柵製作 12
2.3.3布拉格光纖光柵 13
2.3.4光纖光柵多工感測器 15
第三章 布拉格光纖光柵振動感測系統
3.1振動感測分析 18
3.1.1 振動介紹 18
3.1.2 振動感測器 19
3.2 布拉格光纖光柵振動感測系統探討 21
3.2.1 新構型布拉格光纖光柵振動感測器架構 22
3.2.2 實驗架構之數學分析 26
3.2.3 訊號處理系統 29
3.2.4 系統訊號強度分析 35
3.2.5 系統瓊斯矩陣光路分析 38
3.3 實際振動感測系統 39
3.3.1 實際振動感測器架構-直流(DC)小馬達 39
3.3.2 實際振動感測器架構-直流按摩器 40
3.4 多工感測系統 40
3.4.1 同時感測兩個振動源 40
3.4.2 同時感測三個以上振動源 46
第四章 實驗與結果討論
4.1 平板型PZT模擬振動源的量測 50
4.1.1 新構型振動感測架構之量測 50
4.1.2 原構型振動感測架構之量測 52
4.1.3 新構型和原構型振動感測架構之比較 53
4.2 實際振動源的量測 57
4.2.1 DC-3V小馬達振動量測 57
4.2.2 傳統加速規振動量測 59
4.2.3 FBG振動感測架構和傳統加速規之比較 60
4.2.4 DC-1.5V按摩器振動量測 61
4.3 多工量測 62
4.3.1 同時量測兩個振動源-模擬的振動源 62
4.3.2 同時量測兩個振動源-實際的振動源 63
4.3.3 新構型多工感測系統和其他多工感測系統之比較 65
4.4 影響訊號強度的變因 67
4.4.1 模擬振動訊號的電壓強度 67
4.4.2 FBG反射光的訊號強度 68
4.4.3 PZT相位調變器的調變頻率和相位振幅 69
第五章 結論與未來展望
5.1 結論 71
5.1.1 新構型和原構型架構量測之比較 71
5.1.2 新構型感測架構和傳統加速規量測之比較 71
5.1.3 新構型多工感測架構 72
5.2 未來展望 73
5.2.1 系統性能的改善 73
5.2.2 未來期許 74
參考文獻 76
附圖 79
附表 124
附錄 138
中英文對照表 148
作者簡介 151

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