臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

本論文提出適用於平板電腦裝置的內藏式多頻天線設計，其設計主軸是以天線結合匹配電路的概念，在天線尺寸縮小30 % 的情形下，有效增加天線之操作頻寬，以達成天線多頻操作之目的。第一款天線設計為使用印刷式環形匹配電路來達成天線縮小化技術，其阻抗頻寬為262/1610 MHz，可涵蓋LTE/WWAN系統之操作頻帶，低高頻段之實測峰值增益及天線效率分別為2.81/4.97 dBi及79/87 %；第二款天線設計為使用G型耦合饋入的技術，在天線尺寸縮小40 % 的情況下，低高頻段之阻抗頻寬為264/1046 MHz，實測峰值增益及天線效率分別為3.61/5 dBi及67/67 %。接著針對此兩款平板電腦天線之人體電磁波特定吸收率(SAR)進行探討，其值皆能低於1.6 W/kg的規範。最後，進行多重輸出入天線之隔離度分析，此兩款天線皆具有良好隔離度特性，適用於LTE/WWAN MIMO系統。

In this dissertation, two internal multiband antenna designs for tablet computer devices are proposed. First, by adding an internal printed loop as the LC matching circuit, the antenna design provides the impedance bandwidths of 262/1610 MHz for the application of LTE/WWAN system. The proposed uniplanar antenna reduces the antenna size by at least 30% since the overall antenna size is only 40 × 15 × 0.8 mm3. Meanwhile, the measured peak gains and antenna efficiencies are about 2.81/4.79 dBi and 79/87 %, respectively. Next, the second antenna design proposes a G-shaped coupled feed structure to obtain the impedance bandwidth of 264/1046 MHz across dual operating bands to meet the specifications of the fourth generation mobile communication system. Furthermore, with more than 40% antenna size reduction, the measured peak gains and antenna efficiencies are about 3.61/5 dBi and 67/67 %, respectively. Additionally, the analysis of the body specific absorption rate (SAR) for two proposed monopole antennas are discussed and less than 1.6 W/kg for 1-g body tissue. Finally, the discussions for MIMO operations of both two proposed antenna designs are presented with good isolation.

文字目錄
頁次
文字目錄 i
圖形目錄 iii
表格目錄 viii
第一章 前言 ( Introduction )
1.1 研究背景 1
1.2 SAR之規範與量測介紹 4
1.3 文獻導覽 9
1.4 論文章結提要 11
第二章 具有印刷式環形匹配電路之平面多頻單極天線 (Planar Multi-band
Monopole Antenna with an Internal Printed Loop Matching Circuit)
2.1 簡介 12
2.2 天線設計與原理 12
2.3 實驗結果分析. ............................................................................15
2.4 SAR 模擬分析 36
2.5 MIMO 模擬分析 43
第三章 具有G型耦合饋入之平面多頻單極天線 (Planar Multi-band Monopole Antenna with a G-shaped Coupled Feed)
3.1 簡介 50
3.2 天線設計與原理 51
3.3 實驗結果分析..............................................................................53
3.4 SAR 模擬分析 73
3.5 MIMO 模擬分析 77
第四章 結論（Conclusions） 90
參考文獻 ( References ) 92
論文著作表 (Publication List) 99






















圖形目錄
頁次
圖1.1 測試特定吸收功率所需之Flat Phantom 6
圖1.2 測試位置Bottom Face .7
圖1.3 測試位置Portrait (Primary & Secondary) 7
圖1.4 測試位置Landscape (Primary & Secondary) 8
圖2.1 平面多頻單極天線；(a)結構示意圖；(b)細部尺寸圖 14
圖2.2 平面多頻單極天線之實際成品照片 15
圖2.3 平面多頻單極天線之實測與模擬結果比較；(a)返回損失；(b)輸入阻抗 17
圖2.4 圖2.4平面多頻單極天線之模擬表面電流分佈圖；(a) fc1 = 750 MHz；(b) fc2 = 940 MHz；(C) fc3 = 1970 MHz；(d) fc4 = 2560 MHz；(e) fc5 = 2910 MHz 19
圖2.5 平面多頻單極天線之饋入結構探討之返回損失比較圖 20
圖2.6 平面多頻單極天線與直接饋入的天線設計之輸入阻抗比較圖 21
圖2.7 平面多頻單極天線與未使用環形耦合器的天線設計之輸入阻抗比較圖 21
圖2.8 平面多頻單極天線與未加入較短饋入帶的天線設計之輸入阻抗比較圖 22
圖2.9 平面多頻單極天線變化迴路環大小a1與a2之模擬返回損失圖 23
圖2.10 平面多頻單極天線隨耦合間距G1變化之模擬返回損失圖 23
圖2.11 平面多頻單極天線隨較短饋入帶t2變化之模擬返回損失圖 24
圖2.12 平面多頻單極天線隨寄生短路帶長度L4變化之模擬返回損失圖 25
圖2.13 平面多頻單極天線隨較長饋入帶長度L3變化之模擬返回損失圖 25
圖2.14 平面多頻單極天線與未加寬的輻射金屬片之天線設計模擬返回損失圖比較 26
圖2.15 平面多頻單極天線隨寬的輻射金屬片寬度W3變化之模擬結果比較圖；(a) 返回損失圖；(b) 實部阻抗；(c) 虛部阻抗 28
圖2.16 平面多頻單極天線隨寬的輻射金屬片長度L5變化之模擬返回損失圖 28
圖2.17 平面多頻單極天線隨寬的輻射金屬片位置d變化之模擬返回損失 圖 29
圖2.18 平面多頻單極天線隨位置d1變化之模擬返回損失圖 30
圖2.19 平面多頻單極天線隨系統接地面大小變化之模擬返回損失圖 30
圖2.20 多具有印刷式環形匹配電路之平面多頻單極天線嵌入於平板電腦
實體機的照片 31
圖2.21 平面多頻單極天線嵌入於平板電腦實體機之返回損失比較圖 31
圖2.22 平面多頻單極天線整合視訊鏡頭之模擬返回損失比較圖 32
圖2.23 平面多頻單極天線之實測與模擬2D輻射場型比較圖 33
圖2.24 平面多頻單極天線之3D量測輻射場型圖 30
圖2.25 平面多頻單極天線在LTE700/GSM850/900操作頻帶之模擬與實
測增益及天線效率 35
圖2.26 平面多頻單極天線在GSM1800/1900/UMTS/LTE2300/2500操作頻
帶之模擬與實測增益及天線效率 35
圖2.27 平面多頻單極天線在三種測試位置的返回損失圖 37
圖2.28 平面多頻單極天線加入塑膠機殼之示意圖 40
圖2.29 平面多頻單極天線加入塑膠機殼時在Bottom Face位置測試之模
擬返回損失圖 41
圖2.30 主天線與輔助天線之相對位置示意圖 44
圖2.31 主天線與輔助天線相對位置分析之散射參數圖；(a) Case1 ~ Case4
；(b) Case5 ~ Case7 46
圖2.32 主天線於740 MHz之接地面表面電流分佈(僅主天線存在) 47
圖2.33 主天線於740 MHz之接地面電場分佈(僅主天線存在) 48
圖2.34 主天線於1970 MHz之接地面表面電流分佈(僅主天線存在) 48
圖2.35 主天線於1970 MHz之接地面電場分佈(僅主天線存在) 49
圖2.36 主天線與輔助天線相對位置分析之(Case 1 ~ Case 4) envelope
correlation coefficient (e)；(a) Low band；(b) High band 51
圖2.37 主天線與輔助天線相對位置分析之(Case 5 ~ Case 7) envelope
correlation coefficient (e)；(a) Low band；(b) High band 52
圖3.1 具有G型耦合饋入之平面多頻單極天線；(a)結構示意圖；(b)細
部尺寸圖 55
圖3.2 具有G型耦合饋入之平面多頻單極天線之實際成品照片 56
圖3.3 具有G型耦合饋入之平面多頻單極天線之實測與模擬結果比
較；(a)返回損失；(b)輸入阻抗 58
圖3.4 具有G型耦合饋入之平面多頻單極天線之模擬表面電流分佈圖；
(a) fc1 = 763 MHz；(b) fc2 = 946 MHz；(C) fc3 = 1700 MHz；(d) fc4 =
2169 MHz；(e) fc5 = 2623 MHz 60
圖3.5 具有G型耦合饋入之平面多頻單極天線結構分析之返回損失比
較圖 61
圖3.6 具有G型耦合饋入之平面多頻單極天線未加入寄生短路帶之長支路的輸入阻抗比較圖 61
圖3.7 具有G型耦合饋入之平面多頻單極天線未加入寄生短路帶之短支
路的輸入阻抗比較圖 62
圖3.8 具有G型耦合饋入之平面多頻單極天線未加入較長的饋入帶之輸
入阻抗比較圖 62
圖3.9 具有G型耦合饋入之平面多頻單極天線隨耦合間距G1變化之模
擬返回損失圖 64
圖3.10 具有G型耦合饋入之平面多頻單極天線隨較長的饋入帶長度L1
變化之模擬返回損失圖 64
圖3.11 具有G型耦合饋入之平面多頻單極天線隨較短的饋入帶長度L2
變化之模擬返回損失圖 65
圖3.12 具有G型耦合饋入之平面多頻單極天線隨寬的輻射金屬片寬度
W4變化之模擬比較圖；(a) 返回損失圖 (b) 實部阻抗 (c) 虛部
阻抗 66
圖3.13 具有G型耦合饋入之平面多頻單極天線隨寬的輻射金屬片長度
L8變化之模擬返回損失圖 67
圖3.14 具有G型耦合饋入之平面多頻單極天線隨天線位置d1變化之模
擬返回損失圖 68
圖3.15 具有G型耦合饋入之平面多頻單極天線隨系統接地面大小變化之
模擬返回損失圖 69
圖3.16 具有G型耦合饋入之平面多頻單極天線嵌入於平板電腦實體機的
照片 70
圖3.17 具有G型耦合饋入之平面多頻單極天線嵌入於平板電腦實體機之
返回損失比較圖 70
圖3.18 具有G型耦合饋入之平面多頻單極天線整合視訊鏡頭之模擬返回
損失比較圖 71
圖3.19 具有G型耦合饋入之平面多頻單極天線之實測與模擬2D輻射場
型比較圖 72
圖3.20 具有G型耦合饋入之平面多頻單極天線之3D量測輻射場型 73
圖3.21 具有G型耦合饋入之平面多頻單極天線在LTE700/GSM850/900
操作頻帶之模擬與實測增益及天線效率 74
圖3.22 具有G型耦合饋入之平面多頻單極天線在GSM1800/1900/UMTS/
LTE2300/2500操作頻帶之模擬與實測增益及天線效率 74
圖3.23 具有G型耦合饋入之平面多頻單極天線加入塑膠機殼之示意圖 76
圖3.24 具有G型耦合饋入之平面多頻單極天線在三種測試位置之模擬返
回損失圖 77
圖3.25 主天線與輔助天線之相對位置示意圖 81
圖3.26 主天線與輔助天線相對位置分析之散射參數圖；(a) Case1 ~ Case4
；(b) Case5 ~ Case7 82
圖3.27 主天線於763 MHz之接地面表面電流分佈(僅主天線存在) 84
圖3.28 主天線於763 MHz之接地面電場分佈(僅主天線存在) 85
圖3.29 主天線於1700 MHz之接地面表面電流分佈(僅主天線存在) 85
圖3.30 主天線於1700 MHz之接地面電場分佈(僅主天線存在) 86
圖3.31 主天線與輔助天線相對位置分析之(Case 1~Case 4)envelope
correlation coefficient (e)；(a) Low band；(b) High band 87
圖3.32 主天線與輔助天線相對位置分析之(Case 5~Case 7)envelope
correlation coefficient (e)；(a) Low band；(b) High band 88









表格目錄
頁次
表1.1 行動通訊技術發展演進 2
表1.2 LTE傳輸技術 FDD 之操作頻帶 3
表1.3 LTE傳輸技術 TDD 之操作頻帶 4
表1.4 Flat Phantom 之 Tissue Simulating Liquid (TSL)參數 6
表1.5 量測 SAR 之測試功率 9
表2.1 平面多頻單極天線之相關參數 14
表2.2 平面多頻單極天線在三種測試位置之SAR 38
表2.3 平面多頻單極天線在Bottom Face測試位置之SAR能量分佈 38
表2.4 平面多頻單極天線在Primary Landscape測試位置之SAR能量分佈 39
表2.5 平面多頻單極天線在Primary Portrait測試位置之SAR能量分佈 39
表2.6 平面多頻單極天線加入塑膠機殼時在Bottom Face位置測試之
SAR 42
表2.7 平面多頻單極天線加入塑膠機殼在Bottom Face測試位置之SAR
能量分佈 42
表2.8 平面多頻單極天線加入塑膠機殼在Bottom Face測試位置之SAR能量分佈 43
表2.9 主副天線在不同位置之散射參數 46
表2.10 散射參數於低頻及高頻頻帶之隔離度隨不同位置之排序 47
表3.1 具有G型耦合饋入之平面多頻單極天線之相關參數 56
表3.2 具有G型耦合饋入之平面多頻單極天線在三種測試位置之SAR 78
表3.3 具有G型耦合饋入之平面多頻單極天線在Bottom Face測試位置之SAR能量分佈… 78
表3.4 具有G型耦合饋入之平面多頻單極天線在Primary Landscape測試位置之SAR能量分佈 79
表3.5 具有G型耦合饋入之平面多頻單極天線在Primary Portrait測試位置之SAR能量分佈 79
表3.6 主副天線在不同位置之散射參數 83
表3.7 散射參數於低頻及高頻頻帶之隔離度隨不同位置之排序 83
表3.8 Proposed-1及Proposed-2在Case1 ~ Case7之S21 峰值比較 83
表3.9 Proposed-1及Proposed-2在Case1 ~ Case7之 e 峰值比較 89

[1]K. L. Wong, Y. C. Lin, and B. Chen, “Internal patch antenna with a thin air –layer substrate for GSM/DCS operation in a PDA phone,” IEEE Trans. Antennas Propagat., Vol. 55, pp.1165-1172, April 2007.
[2]H. Kaaranen, A. Ahtiainen, L. Laitinen, S. Naghian and V. Niemi (Eds.), UMTS networks: Architecture, mobility and services, 2nd edition, Wiley, New York, 2005.
[3]S. Sesia, I. Toufik and M. Baker (Eds.), LTE, The UMTS long term evolution : From theory to practice, Wiley, New York, 2009.
[4]http://www.3gpp.org/.
[5]http://web.lib.fcu.edu.tw/libstories/archives/2340.
[6]Federal Communications Commission, Office of Engineering and Technology, SAR Evaluation Considerations for Laptop Computers with Antennas Built-in on Display Screens, OET/Lab Knowledge Database publication number 626217, Federal Communications Commission, 2012.
[7]O. Kivekas, J. Ollikainen, T. Lehtiniemi and P. Vainikainen, ‘‘Bandwidth, SAR, and efficiency of internal mobile phone antenna,’’ IEEE Trans. Electromagn. Compat., vol. 46, pp. 71-86, Feb. 2004.
[8]Federal Communications Commission (FCC), ‘‘Evaluating compliance with FCC guidelines for human exposure to radio-frequency electromagnetic fields,’’ Washington, DC, OET Bulletin. 65, Aug. 1997.
[9]Commission European Communities, Council recommendation on limits for exposure of the general public to electromagnetic fields: 0 Hz-300 GHz, Brussels, Belgium, June 1998.
[10]http://www.satimo.com/content/products/flat-phantom.
[11]http://www.ntt-at.com/products_e/sar/#spec.
[12]http://www.semcad.com, SEMCAD, Schmid & Partner Engineering AG (SPEAG).
[13]K. L. Wong and L. C. Lee, ‘‘Multiband printed monopole slot antenna for WWAN operation in the laptop computer’’, IEEE Trans. Antennas Propagat., vol. 57, pp. 324-330, Feb. 2009.
[14]Z. Chen, Y. Ban, S. Sun and J. L. W. Li, ‘‘Printed antenna for penta-band WWAN tablet computer application using embedded parallel resonant structure’’, Progress In Electromagnetics Research, vol. 136, pp. 725-737, Jan. 2013.
[15]K. L. Wong, Y. W. Chang and S. C. Chen, ‘‘Bandwidth enhancement of small-size planar tablet computer antenna using a parallel-resonant spiral slit’’, IEEE Trans. Antennas Propagat., vol. 60, pp. 1705-1711, April 2012.
[16]K. L. Wong and W. J. Lin, ‘‘Body SAR study of the planar WWAN monopole slot antenna for tablet device application’’, Micro. Opt. Technol. Lett., vol. 53, pp. 1721-1727, Aug. 2011.
[17]K. L. Wong and P. J. Ma, ‘‘Small-size WWAN monopole slot antenna with dual-band band-stop matching circuit for tablet computer application’’, Micro. Opt. Technol. Lett., vol. 54, pp. 875-879, April 2012.
[18]K. L. Wong and Y. C. Liu, ‘‘Small-size WWAN tablet computer antenna with distributed and lumped parallel resonant circuits’’, Micro. Opt. Technol. Lett., vol. 54, pp. 1348-1353, June 2012.
[19]W. S. Chen and W. C. Jhang, ‘‘A planar WWAN/LTE antenna for portable devices’’, IEEE Antennas Wireless Propag. Lett., vol. 60, pp. 19-22, March 2013.
[20]K. L. Wong, Y. C. Liu and L. C. Chou ‘‘Bandwidth enhancement of WWAN/LTE tablet computer antenna using embedded parallel resonant circuit’’, Micro. Opt. Technol. Lett., vol. 54, pp. 305-309, Feb. 2012.
[21]K. L. Wong and W. J. Lin, ‘‘WWAN/LTE printed slot antenna for tablet computer application’’, Micro. Opt. Technol. Lett., vol. 54, pp. 44-49, Jan. 2012.
[22]S. H. Chang and W. J. Liao, ‘‘A broadband LTE/WWAN antenna design for tablet PC’’, IEEE Trans. Antennas Propagat., vol. 60, pp. 4354-4359, Sep. 2012.
[23]K. L. Wong, W. J. Woi and L. C. Chou, ‘‘WWAN/LTE printed loop tablet computer antenna and its body SAR analysis’’, Micro. Opt. Technol. Lett., vol. 53, pp. 2912-2919, Dec. 2011.
[24]C. L. Hu, D. L. Huang, H. L. Kuo, C. F. Yang, C. L. Liao and S. T. Lin ‘‘Compact multibranch inverted-F antenna to be embedded in a laptop computer for LTE/WWAN/IMT-E applications’’, IEEE Antenna and Wireless Propagation Lett., vol. 9, pp. 838-841, Sep. 2010.
[25]H. W. Liu, C. M. Chiang and C. F. Yang, ‘‘Planar monopole antenna with two coupled strips for internal eight-band LTE/WWAN laptop computer application’’, Progress In Electromagnetics Research C, vol. 29, pp. 123-133, May 2012.
[26]K. L. Wong and T. W. Kang, ‘‘Internal printed loop/monopole combo antenna for LTE/GSM/UMTS operation in the laptop computer’’, Micro. Opt. Technol. Lett., vol. 52, pp. 1673-1678, July 2010.
[27]K. L. Wong and C. H. Chang, ‘‘Printed 8-PIFA for penta-band WWAN operation in the mobile phone’’, IEEE Trans. Antennas Propagat., vol. 57, pp. 1373-1381, May 2009.
[28]K. L. Wong and Y. W. Chi, ‘‘Quarter-wavelength printed loop antenna with an internal printed matching circuit for GSM/DCS/PCS/UMTS operation in the mobile phone’’, IEEE Trans. Antennas Propagat., vol. 57, pp. 2541-2547, Sep. 2009.
[29]M. Tzortzakakis and R.J. Langley ‘‘Quad-band internal mobile phone antenna’’, IEEE Trans. Antennas Propagat., vol. 55, pp. 2097-2103, July 2007.
[30]K. L. Wong and T. J. Wu, ‘‘Small-size LTE/WWAN coupled-fed loop antenna with band-stop matching circuit for tablet computer’’, Micro. Opt. Technol. Lett., vol. 51, pp. 1189-1193, May 2012.
[31]K. L. Wong and F. H. Chu, ‘‘Internal coupled-fed loop antenna integrated with notched ground plane for wireless wide area network operation in the mobile handset’’, Micro. Opt. Technol. Lett., vol. 54, pp. 599-605, March 2012.
[32]K. L. Wong and S. C. Chen, ‘‘Low-profile, small-size, wireless wide area network handset antenna close integration with surrounding ground plane’’, Micro. Opt. Technol. Lett., vol. 54, pp. 599-605, March 2012.
[33]K. L. Wong, Y. C. Kao and F. H. Chu, ‘‘Small-size WWAN handset antenna disposed at a small notch in the system ground plane’’, Micro. Opt. Technol. Lett., vol. 54, pp. 2498-2503, Nov. 2012.
[34]K. L. Wong, T. W. Kang and M. F. Tu, ‘‘Internal mobile phone antenna array for LTE/WWAN and LTE MIMO operations’’, Micro. Opt. Technol. Lett., vol. 53, pp. 1569-1573, July 2011.
[35]Y. J. Ren, ‘‘Ceramic Based small LTE MIMO handset antenna’’, IEEE Trans. Antennas Propagat., vol. 61, pp. 934-938, Feb. 2013.
[36]M. Karaboikis, C. Soras, G. Tsachtsiris and V. Makios, ‘‘Compact dual-printed inverted-F antenna diversity systems for portable wireless devices’’, IEEE Antenna and Wireless Propagation Letters., vol. 3, pp. 9-14, Dec. 2004.
[37]R. A. Bhatti, S. Yi and S. O. Park, ‘‘Compact antenna array with port decoupling for LTE-standardized mobile phones’’, IEEE Antenna and Wireless Propagation Lett., vol. 8, pp. 1430-1433, Jan. 2009.
[38]Y. Cheon, J. Lee and J. Lee, ‘‘Quad-band monopole antenna including LTE 700 MHz with magneto-dielectric material’’, IEEE Antenna and Wireless Propagation Lett., vol. 11, pp. 137-140, March 2012.
[39]J. F. Li, Q. X. Chu and Z. H. Li, ‘‘Compact conventional phone antenna integrated with wideband multiple-input-multiple-output antenna’’, Micro. Opt. Technol. Lett., vol. 54, pp. 1958-1962, August 2012.
[40]J. Y. Chung, T. Yang and J. Y. Lee, ‘‘Low correlation MIMO antennas with negative group delay’’, Progress In Electromagnetics Research C, vol. 22, pp. 151-163, 2011.
[41]J. Y. Chung, T. Yang and J. Y. Lee, ‘‘Tri-band four-element MIMO antenna with high isolation’’, Progress In Electromagnetics Research C, vol. 24, pp. 235-249, 2011.
[42]J. F. Li and Q. X. Chu, ‘‘Tri-band four-element MIMO antenna with high isolation’’, Progress In Electromagnetics Research M, vol. 21, pp. 279-294, 2011.
[43]K. S. Min, M. S. Kim, C. K. Park and M. D. Vu, ‘‘Design for PCS antenna based on wibro-MIMO’’, Progress In Electromagnetics Research M, vol. 1, pp. 77-83, 2008.
[44]J. F. Li, Q. X. Chu and T. G. Huang, ‘‘A compact wideband MIMO antenna with two novel bent slit’’, IEEE Trans. Antennas Propagat., vol. 60, pp. 482-489, Feb. 2012.
[45]W. S. Chen, C. H. Lin, B. Y. Lee, W. H. Hsu and F. S. Chang, ‘‘Monopole slot antenna design for WLAN MIMO application’’, Micro. Opt. Technol. Lett., vol. 54, pp. 1103-1107, April 2012.
[46]K. K. Jayasooriya, H. M. Kwon, R. syslo, Y. K. Hong, J. Lee and G. Abo ‘‘On performance of high-efficiency ferrite meander antenna (HEMA) for MIMO commu-nications’’, Progress In Electromagnetics Research B, vol. 50, pp. 177-199, 2013.
[47]M. S. Sharawi, S. S. Iqbal and Y. S. Faouri ‘‘An 800 MHz 2×1 compact MIMO antenna system for LTE handsets’’, IEEE Trans. Antennas Propagat., vol. 59, pp. 3128-3131, August 2011.
[48]K. L. Wong, P. W. Lin and T. J. Wu, ‘‘On the isolation of two LTE700/2300/ 2500 antennas in the laptop computer’’, Micro. Opt. Technol. Lett., vol. 55, pp. 1370-1375, June 2013.
[49]S. Y. Lin and I. H. Liu, ‘‘Small inverted-U loop antenna for MIMO applications’’, Progress In Electromagnetics Research C, vol. 34, pp. 69-84, 2013.
[50]K. L. Wong, T. W. Kang, ‘‘Isolation improvement of 2.4/5.2/5.8 GHz WLAN internal laptop computer antennas using dual-band strip resonator as a wavetrap’’, Micro. Opt. Technol. Lett., vol. 52, pp. 58-64, Jan. 2010.
[51]K. L. Wong, H. J. Jiang and Y. C. Kao, ‘‘High-isolation 2.4/5.2/5.8 GHz WLAN MIMO antenna array for laptop computer application’’, Micro. Opt. Technol. Lett., vol. 55, pp. 382-387, Feb. 2013.
[52]http://www.ansys.com/products/hf/hfss/, ANSYS HFSS.
[53]W. L. Stutzman and G. A. Thiele, Antenna theory and design, Wiley, United States of America, 1998.
[54]S. Blanch, J. Romeu and I. Corbella, ‘‘Exact representation of antenna system diversity performance from input parameter description’’, Electron. Lett., vol. 39, pp. 705-707, May 2003.