臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

近年來出生率的下降及國民平均壽命的增加，老年人及兒童的安全漸受重視，而跌倒之行為是老年人及兒童經常發生之意外，本文欲偵測此一情形，以監視系統偵測人物在活動時是否有跌倒之可能，利用此偵測結果，可便利醫護或看護人員進行相關治療及改善行人活動環境。
隨著電腦軟、硬體技術的進步，電腦視覺領域的應用也越來越廣泛，近十年來，研究者對於辨識分析人體的動作或行為的研究也相當有興趣，目前學術界在人體運動姿勢（站立、行走、蹲下、臥倒）辨識上已經有相當良好的研究結果，本文提出一套偵測系統判斷行人臥倒是否為異常行為或只是人物本身自主性的臥倒或趴下。
本論文主要分作兩個重點：1.人物個體辨識，2.跌倒行為偵測。在人物個體辨識中，我們先找出移動人物資訊並定義上半身資訊加以紀錄為模型，以此作為追蹤人物的方法，並藉由對人物帶有膚色資訊來濾除其他類型的移動物體。在跌倒行為偵測的部分，本研究藉由將人物資訊切分成多個區域，並依據各區域的水平、垂直投影量加以分析，根據連續影像中人物的動作是否屬於跌倒。
本系統之弁鄍i以進行人物追蹤並偵測是否發生跌倒的行為，而不必先定義模型以及大量的數學函式運算，即可達到此目的。

In recent years, because the decline in birth rate and the increase of national average life span, special attention is gradually shifting to the security of the elderly people and children, fall is one of the often seen accidental among them. The purpose of this thesis is to detect the situation and to examine the possibility whether or not the personages fall while moving by a monitoring system. Based on a result of detection, the doctor and medical treatment-nursing group could put forward a medical treatment plan and carry on improvement of the pedestrian''s activity environment.
The application of computer vision systems has widely spread along with the progress of the computer software and hardware. In the recent ten years, the researchers show their interest in the research of identifying and analyzing the humans'' motions or behaviors. The academia has a quite good result of study in the distinguishing of human motion posture at present. This thesis proposed a detection system on examining and judging of the pedestrian who falls for the abnormal behavior or personage''s own independence.
This thesis mainly divides into two focal points: the fist is individual distinguish personages and the second is the detection of fall. Firstly, the personage''s information and definition of the upper part of the body information were found, this result was carry on and be the method for human tracking. Due to the complexional information of human, the group of other moving objects could be leach out. Besides, the part of fall detection, we detect the person in video who falls based on the information of its horizontal, vertical projections.
The function of this system can be used on human tracking and fall detection, and it could be achieved without define models and large number of mathematics operation.

中文摘要
英文摘要
目錄
圖目錄
第一章 簡介
1.1 研究動機
1.2 相關研究
1.3 系統簡介
第二章 前景物偵測
2.1 背景建立
2.2 前處理
2.2.1 相機晃動補償
2.2.2 型態學運算
2.2.3 連通元件分析
2.2.4 人體膚色偵測
2.2.5 陰影去除
2.2.6 人物破碎區域補償
2.3 前景物追蹤
2.3.1 目標物狀態
2.3.2 人物交錯情形偵測
2.3.3 人物分離偵測
2.3.4 人物模型建立
2.3.5 模型建立與更新
2.3.6 人物交錯後比對
第三章 人體跌倒姿勢辨識
3.1 人物身體傾斜
3.2 腳步動作
3.3 人物整體型態分析
第四章 實驗結果
4.1 實驗環境與設備
4.2 實驗結果
4.2.1 背景建立
4.2.2 雜訊消除
4.2.3 標示人物
4.2.4 人物模型建立與更新
4.2.5 交錯過程及分離過程
4.2.6 跌倒行為偵測
4.2.7 類似跌倒之動作分析
第五章 結論與未來工作
5.1 結論
5.2 未來工作與發展
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