臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

迴路式熱管為一種以熱管與均熱板為理論基礎的兩相變化熱導的被動式冷卻系統，其相對於傳統熱管更具有高熱傳量、傳輸距離長與低熱阻的表現，在電子科技冷卻上與其它散熱應用上皆持續成為重要的研發重點與發展空間。平版型迴路式熱管的設計可直接與發熱元件貼覆，但於啟動過程中，系統中的工作流體到達重新分布，會發生如蒸發、冷凝、沸騰等相變化現象，使得系統各元件熱流狀態極不穩定。操作過程中也因為沸騰汽泡與熱洩漏等原因，影響了系統的穩定度。故迴路式熱管的啟動與操作穩定一直是各界研究之目標。
本研究中使用兩種不同粒徑、不同材料之粉末，以刮刀成型法方式製成粗坯並燒結，製成平板型迴路式熱板之複合毛細微結構。在主微結構部份以400網目銅粉末燒結使其具有較大的毛細力與較好之熱傳量，次結構以150網目鎳粉製作，其具有良好的滲透率與較低熱傳導係數值阻擋補償室受熱影響。利用刮刀成型後之粗坯可進行單次直接燒結於平板型迴路式熱管下蓋，降低製程中之誤差。實驗中分別注水6.2g、8.6g及10.6g並量測其性能。分析測試結果呈現，此研究設計之迴路式熱管在操作循環中並無明顯的會影響元件之熱振盪，並且不受傾斜角度影響，於注水量為6.2g時有最佳的效能表現，最低熱阻值為0.21℃/W。另外對補償室額外散熱時，有助於增加操作穩定性與降低整體熱阻。

Loop Heat Pipe is a kind of heat pipe with both vapor chamber based on the theory of two-phase change thermal conductivity of the passive cooling system. Compared to the conventional heat pipe, loop heat pipe has a high heat transfer capacity, transmission distance of a long and low thermal resistance performance in cooling, space technology or military technology and other thermal applications. The flat loop heat heating element can be placed on the heat source directly without using saddle. During the startup process, the working fluid in the system will be distributed and phase transition including evaporation, condensation and boiling will occur, leading to the thermal status for each component unstable. In addition, boiling bubbles and thermal leakage also influence the system stability. Therefore, the start up and stable operation for the loop heat pipe is the aim to investigate in various research fields.
In this study, two different sizes, different material powder were used. The wick structure of flat loop heat pipe can be fabricated to green tape with sinter process by using doctor blade casting. The first part, the sintered 400 mesh copper powders have higher capillarity and the better the heat transfer rate. In secondary part, 150 mesh nickel powders, have good permeability and lower capillarity to resist heat leaking to compensation chamber. The green tape made by doctor blade casting can be sintered to chamber of flat loop heat pipe for single time. It can decrease the error during the manufacturing. In the experiment, various water contents of 6.2g, 8.6g and 10.6g were injected to measure the performance. According to the characterization, the flat loop heat pipe has no obvious thermal oscillation and performs freely during the operation. The results show that the 6.2g water content injection has the lowest heat resistance of 0.21 ℃ / W. In addition, the compensation chamber for additional cooling can increase the operation stability and decrease the system thermal resistance.

摘要 i
ABSTRACT ii
誌謝 iv
目錄 v
表目錄 viii
圖目錄 ix
第一章 緒論 1
1.1 前言 1
1.2 文獻回顧 4
1.3 研究動機與目的 9
第二章 實驗原理與理論分析 10
2.1 迴路式熱管工作原理 10
2.1.1 迴路式熱管 10
2.1.2 工作原理 10
2.2 迴路式熱管操作限制 12
2.2.1 黏滯限制 12
2.2.2 音速限制 14
2.2.3 毛細限制 14
2.2.3.1 蒸汽溝槽壓損 16
2.2.3.2 管道內流動壓損 17
2.2.3.3 毛細結構內流動壓損 19
2.2.3.4 重力壓損 21
2.2.4 啟動限制 22
2.2.5 液體過冷度限制 22
2.4 迴路式熱管其他變數之影響 23
2.4.1 補償室體積與工作流體填充量 23
2.4.2 不凝氣體之影響 24
2.4.3 毛細結構特性之影響 25
2.4.4 熱洩漏 27
2.5 熱振盪 28
2.6 燒結理論 30
第三章 實驗方法與步驟 33
3.1 實驗流程 33
3.2 粉末規格選擇 34
3.3 刮刀成型法 35
3.4 還原燒結試驗 37
3.5 微結構性質量測 39
3.5.1 殘留測試 39
3.5.2 收縮率 40
3.5.3 孔隙率 40
3.5.4 滲透率 41
3.5.5 毛細結構升溫速率測試 43
3.6 平板型迴路式熱管製作 43
3.6.1 毛細結構製作 43
3.6.2 接合與注水 44
3.7 性質量測 47
3.7.1 測試設備 48
3.7.2 測試步驟 49
第四章 結果與討論 52
4.1 毛細結構粉末形貌分析 52
4.2 毛細結構燒結後性質分析 53
4.2.1 殘留測試分析 53
4.2.2 收縮率分析 57
4.2.3 孔隙率分析 58
4.2.4 滲透率分析 62
4.2.5 毛細結構升溫速率分析 63
4.3 性能測試分析 64
4.3.1 操作特性分析 65
4.3.2 傾斜角特性測試 75
4.3.3 補償室冷凝特性測試 76
4.3.4 熱阻分析 79
第五章 結論 81
參考文獻 82
作者簡介 89

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