臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

目的：本研究旨在以覺知當下之觀點探討覺察與正念實為不同概念。由於英文mindfulness之原文本意為中性且無偏見之覺知，此與佛教八正道的正念之帶有正確、正當之涵義完全不同，近廿年來運動學術領域中的運動教育學、動作行為學、以及運動心理學經常以正念來指稱及運用mindfulness減壓技巧，如此則已誤解mindfulness之覺察原意。本研究以嚴謹之文獻分析法及探索性因素分析，分析mindfulness之中譯現況，討論與正念相關之南北傳重要佛典文獻，以釐清並確認mindfulness之中譯為覺察。之後進一步以覺察及正念二個面向發展覺察判準量表。方法：立意取樣大台北地區之七到九年級學生338位，其平均年齡13.8 ± 0.9歲，使其填寫本研究自行發展之覺察判準量表。結果：1. 覺察判準量表之Cronbach's α值為 .86，信度極佳。2. 探索性因素分析發現此量表之KMO值為 .89，說明此量表由覺察及正念兩個不同面向所構成。3. 覺察與正念具低度相關。4. 有運動習慣者之正念得分較高。結論：1. Mindfulness中譯釐正為覺察，且覺察與正念確實為不同概念。2. 覺察判準量表可用以區分覺察與正念為不同面向。3. 正念確實有正確、正當之正向的積極之意。正念可包含覺察，但覺察卻無法代表正念，覺察與正念有關，但不能混為一談。4. 有運動習慣者或許能從運動經驗中正向感受人生，故其正念程度較高。

Purpose: The current study aimed to distinguish the concepts between mindfulness (覺察) and right mindfulness (應譯為正向覺察，惟常被誤譯為正念). The concepts of the original textual meaning of mindfulness (a nonjudgmental state being aware of something) and the right mindfulness in the Buddhist eightfold path are completely different. In recent years, however, mindfulness has often been translated as right mindfulness in Mandarin. Exercise pedagogy, motor behavior, and exercise/sport psychology particularly applied the mindfulness based stress reduction (MBSR) in the academic and clinical fields; in fact the original ideas of mindfulness was misunderstood for decades. The study cautiously reviewed the Mandarin translation of the word mindfulness from its related research and examined its real aspects via the exploratory factor analysis (EFA). The important Buddhist literatures of the southward Nikāya and northward Āgama were also analyzed so that the researcher clarify the word mindfulness as being aware of certain situation. The Mindfulness Criterion Scale (MinderS) was further developed from two aspects: mindfulness and right mindfulness. Methods: Three hundred and thirty-eight middle school students in Taipei were recruited as the participants, with mean age at 13.8 ± 0.9 years old. Results: 1) the Cronbach's alpha of MinderS was .86, so that the reliability of the scale was excellent; 2) via the EFA, the KMO value of the scale was .89 suggesting that the MinderS was composed of mindfulness and right mindfulness; 3) there was a low significant correlation between mindfulness and right mindfulness; and 4) the level of right mindfulness was higher in regular exercisers. Conclusion: 1) the word mindfulness was explicitly translated as “覺察” in Mandarin; and mindfulness (覺察) and right mindfulness (正念) were two different concepts. 2. The MinderS successfully differentiated the aspects of mindfulness (覺察) and right mindfulness (正念). 3) The “right mindfulness (正念)” in Buddhism does have correct, proper, and positive meanings. The right mindfulness (正念) could comprise mindfulness (覺察), but the later definitely could not represent the former. And 4) Those who can regularly exercise seemed to obtain positive feelings in life so that they had higher right mindfulness.

中文摘要........................................ i
ABSTRACT....................................... ii
目 次.................................... iv
表 次.................................... vi
第一章 緒論.................................. 1
第一節 研究背景................................. 1
第二節 研究目的與假說............................ 3
第三節 名詞操作型定義............................ 4
第四節 研究限制................................. 4
第二章 理論基礎與相關文獻探討................... 5
第一節 釐清mindfulness之中譯問題................. 5
第二節 覺察量表之相關文獻探討..................... 25
第三章 研究方法................................ 44
第一節 研究參與者............................... 44
第二節 研究工具................................. 44
第三節 研究流程................................. 48
第四節 資料處理與統計方法........................ 48
第四章 結果與討論.............................. 49
第一節 研究參與者之基本資料...................... 49
第二節 覺察判準量表之預試分析結果................. 52
第三節 討論..................................... 60
第五章 結論與建議.............................. 63
第一節 結論..................................... 63
第二節 建議..................................... 64
參考文獻
佛典參考文獻.................................... 65
一般參考文獻.................................... 65
附錄一 預試覺察判準量表.......................... 75
附錄二 學生及家長 (監護人) 知情同意書............. 79
附錄三 覺察判準量表之正式量表..................... 82

佛典參考文獻
本文佛典引用主要是採用「中華電子佛典協會」(Chinese Buddhist Electronic Text Association, 簡稱CBETA)的線上電子佛典集成，網址：http://tripitaka.cbeta.org/，2018。
《長阿含》，T01, no. 1。
《中阿含》，T01, no. 26。
《雜阿含》，T02, no. 99。
《長部》，N07, no. 4。
《中部》，N09, no. 5。
《相應部》，N17, no. 6。

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