臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

感應加熱較傳統加熱擁有較高效率及高安全性，因此近年來感應加熱應用越來越廣泛，其中以電磁爐居多。傳統電磁爐的切換頻率約為20kHz至50kHz，但因切換頻率較低僅適用於鐵鍋等導磁材料之鍋具，對於非導磁材料之銅鍋及鋁鍋加熱效果有限。本論文是以半橋串聯諧振及半橋LCLR電路作為實現電磁爐電源轉換器之架構；首先，以GaN及MOSFET功率晶體分別建構半橋串聯諧振電路，切換頻率40kHz至50kHz及功率800W，對鐵鍋進行效率比較。隨後，研製GaN所建構之半橋LCLR電路，以200kHz切換頻率對銅鍋進行加熱特性探討。
另外，使用ANSYS Maxwell分析電磁爐之磁路分布，並針對不同切換頻率、氣隙及輸入電流，探討對電氣參數(自感、等效電阻及功率)之影響。為降低因GaN高速切換特性所造成dv/dt及di/dt問題，利用ANSYS Q3D Extractor軟體協助電路佈線，並以SIMetrix/SIMPLIS建構Spice模擬環境，分析雜散電感對電路切換行為之影響。
所提轉換器是以數位訊號處理器TI TMS320F28035做為控制核心，研製切換頻率40kHz及200kHz之電磁爐，並以實驗證明研製系統之正確性。

Since the induction heating provides both higher efficiency and more safety compared with traditional heating methods, induction heating are gradually used in wide-range fields wherein the induction cooker is the majority in recent years. The switching frequency of conventional induction cooker is operated from 20kHz to 50kHz. Due to the lower switching frequency, it is only applicable to the pots made by magnetic material, such as steel and iron. For the non-magnetic material making pots, like aluminum and copper, the effect of heating is by far not obviously. In this thesis, both half-bridge serial resonant converter and half-bridge LCLR converter are carried out to implement the induction cooker. Firstly, the half-bridge serial resonant converter with range from 40kHz to 50kHz and 800W is constructed by MOSFET and GaN separately to compare the efficiency on an stainless pot. After that, a LCLR half-bridge converter implemented by GaN with 200 kHz is used to investigate the heating characteristics of copper pot.
Moreover, the Maxwell 3D computer-aided design software is adopted to analysis the magnetic characteristics of induction cooker during heating and the effects of different switching frequency, air gap and current on the electrical parameters, such as self-inductance, equivalent resistance and effective power of pot and cooker’s winding. In order to reduce the troubles caused by higher dv/dt and di/dt which is generated by the turn-off transient of GaN, the Q3D Extractor software is used to assist PCB layout to reduce stray inductance of main power flow trace for reducing the voltage stress on GaN. Then, a circuit-level simulation environment based on Spice model of GaN was built to analysis the influence of the stray inductance on GaN during switching.
And finally, a converters with 1kW rated power and controlled by a digital signal processor TI TMS320F28035 is constructed and some experimental results are carried out to verify the correctness of proposed converter for induction cooker.

摘 要 i
ABSTRACT ii
誌 謝 iv
目 錄 v
表目錄 viii
圖目錄 x
第一章 緒論 1
1.1 研究背景與動機 1
1.2 用於電磁爐之感應加熱研究現況 7
1.2.1 導磁鍋具 7
1.2.2 非導磁鍋具 9
1.2.3 電磁場分析用於感應加熱 11
1.2.4. GaN用於電磁爐上相關研究 11
1.3 研究目的與方法 12
1.3.1 導磁鍋具 12
1.3.2 非導磁鍋具 13
1.4 論文架構 15
第二章 感應加熱原理 16
2.1 感應加熱原理 16
2.2 電磁爐等效電路 17
2.3 線圈於高頻下之效應 22
第三章 半橋串聯諧振轉換器研製 26
3.1 半橋串聯諧振轉換器電路特性 26
3.1.1 電路分析 26
3.2 半橋串聯諧振轉換器之硬體設計 28
3.2.1 GaN元件介紹 28
3.2.2 半橋電路設計 32
3.2.3 諧振槽電路設計 40
3.3 半橋串聯諧振轉換器之控制架構 46
3.3.1 數位訊號處理器介紹 46
3.3.2 軟體規劃 48
3.4 實驗結果與討論 50
3.4.1 額定點測試結果 51
3.4.2 效率比較 54
3.4.3 功率控制測試結果 58
第四章 半橋LCLR諧振轉換器研製 60
4.1 半橋LCLR諧振轉換器電路特性 60
4.1.1 電路分析 60
4.2 半橋LCLR諧振轉換器之硬體設計 62
4.2.1 半橋電路設計 62
4.2.2 諧振槽電路設計 63
4.3 半橋LCLR諧振轉換器之控制架構 68
4.4 實驗結果與討論 70
4.4.1 穩態測試結果 71
4.4.2 鍋電磁爐輸出功率及等效參數量測 75
4.4.3 定功率控制測試結果 79
4.4.4 鍋具磁通密度分布之模擬結果 80

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