臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

本文旨在以描述性語法探討雅美語字詞結構.雅美語是台灣蘭嶼雅美人說的語言,
是南島語的一種.
本文定意並討論了十五個動詞前綴,六個名詞前綴,兩個後綴,兩個不連續詞綴及
兩個中綴.這些詞綴可出現在動詞,名詞和疑問詞上. 所有詞綴,依據五個標準,區分為
屈折詞綴和衍生詞綴.結果顯示大部份詞綴並不符合所有的標準,證明有些詞綴不能清楚地
劃分為屈折詞綴或衍生詞綴.
同一個字根在不同動詞類中,動詞意義的改變會展現出不同的詞綴.顯示詞綴是有
意思的.同一類動詞有固定的詞綴.共有四類動詞: 靜態動詞,動態動詞,完
成動詞,表始動詞.
這些詞綴有規則性且常出現,是主要詞綴.
以Bybee 的相關原則檢驗詞綴彼此間和字根間之相對位置,建立的層次關係為:
時式 > 語態 > 焦點 > 衍生詞綴 > 情態 -- 動詞字根.
重複通常是字根(莖)的現象.雅美語除了動詞,名詞的字根重複,詞綴也有重複.
有全部重複及部份重複.
詞音位轉換有(1)相同母音刪略 (2) 滑音加插 (3)同位刪略 (4) 母音遺失
(5) 顎音化 (6) 中央化 　

This paper aims to make a descriptive study of Yami word structure.Yami
is one of the Austronesian languages spoken by people on Lanyu
Island in Taiwan.
This paper defines and discusses fifteen verbal prefixes, six nominal
prefixes, two suffixes, two discontinuous affixes and two infixes. These
affixes occur in verbs, nouns, and the interrogative word.
All affixes are divided into derivational and inflectional morphemes
based on five criteria. The results show that most affixes are
not corresponding
to all of the criteria, which proves that not all of the affixes can be divided
into inflectional and derivational affixes discretely.
The paper adopts Bybee's relevance principle to examine the relative
order of the affixes in relation to verb stems and establish the hierarchical
relations of the categories, like tense, aspect, focus and mood etc. The
relations among them are:
Tense > Mood > Focus > Derivations > Aspect -- verb root
The change of verb semantics in different verb classes manifests
different kinds of affixes. There are four verb classes. They
are stative verbs,
activity verbs, accomplishment verbs and achievement verbs. Stative verbs are
marked by the affix ma-; volitional activity verbs are indicated by the affix
paN- and non-volitional activity verbs are by the affix um- (or -um-); the
accomplishment verbs are suffixed by the affixes -en or -an; the achievement
verbs are marked by the affix pipa-. These affixes occur frequently and very
regular. They are called major affixes different from minor affixes, which
occur less frequently.
Reduplication is a property of stem. But infixes are reduplicated
in Yami. The verb and noun stems can be reduplicated completely or partially.

Yami undergoes morphophonemic alternations: (1) Identical vowel
deletion (2) Glide insertion (3) Deletion (4) Loss of vowel (5) Palatalization
(6) Centralization.