參考文獻
Acebal, C., Castillon, M. P., Estrada, P., Mata, I., Costa, E., Aguado, J., Romero, D., Jimenez, F. 1986. Enchanced cellulase production from Trichoderma reesei Q M 9414 on physically treated wheat straw. Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol. 24 : 218-223.
Ahmad, S., Scopes, R. K., Rees, G. N., Patel, B. K. 2000. Saccharococcus caldoxylosilyticus sp. nov., an obligately thermophilic, xylose-utilizing, endospore- forming bacterium. Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol. 50 : 517-523.
Ando, S., Ishida, H., Kosugi, Y., Ishikawa, K. 2002. Hyperthermostable endoglucanase from Pyrococcus horikoshi. Appl. Envir. Microbiol. 68 : 430-433.
Beguin, P., Aubert, J. P. 1993. The biological degradation of cellulose. FEMS. Microbiol. Rev. 13 : 25-58.
Bhat, M. K., Bhat, S. 1997. Cellulose degrading enzymes and their potential industrial applications. Biotechnol. Advances. 15 : 583-620.
Biely, P. 1985. Microbial xylanolytic systems. Trends. Biotechnol. 3 : 286-290.
Birsan, C., Johnson, P., Joshi, M., MacLeod, A., McIntosh, L., Monem, V., Nitz, M., Rose, D. R., Tull, D., Wakarchuck, W. W., Wang, Q., Warren, R. A., White, A., Withers, S. G. 1998. Mechanisms of cellulases and xylanases. Biochem. Soc. Trans. 26 : 156-160.
Bouveng, H. O. 1961. Phenylisocyanate derivatives of carbohydrates.Ⅱ. Location of O-acetyl groups in brich xylan. Acta. Chem. Scand. 15 : 96-100.
Bradford M. M. 1976. A rapid and sensitive method for the quantitation of microgram quantities of protein utilizing the principle of protein-dye binding. Anal. Biochem. 72 : 248-254.
Breccia, J. D., Siñeriz, F., Baigorí, M. D., Castro, G. R., Hatti-Kaul, R. 1998. Purification and characterization of a thermostable xylanase from Bacillus amyloliquefaciens. Enzyme. Microbial. Technol. 22 : 42-49.
Buchert, J., Ranua, M., Siika-aho, M., Pere, J., Viikari, L. 1994. Trichoderma reesei cellulases in the bleaching of kraft pulp. Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol. 40 : 63-78.
Christakopoulos, P., Hatzinikolaou, D. G., Fountoukidis, G., Kekos, D., Claeyssens, M., Macris, B. J. 1999. Purification and mode of action of an alkali-resistant endo-1,4-beta-glucanase from Bacillus pumilus. Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 364 : 61-66.
Christov, L. P., Prior, B. A. 1993. Esterases of xylan-degrading microorganisms: production, properties, and significance. Enzyme Microbiol. Technol. 15 : 460-475.
Claus, D., Berkeley, R. C. W. 1986. Genes Bacillus Cohn 1872. In: Bergey’s Manual of Systematic bacteriology, pp.1105-1139. vol. 2. Sneath P. H. A., Mair N. S., Sharpe M. N., Holt J. G., Eds., Williams and Wilkins, Baltimore.
Converse, A. O., Kwarteng, I. K., Grethlein, H. E., Ooshima, H. 1989. Kinetics of thermochemical pretreatment of lignocellosic materials. Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol. 20/21 : 63-78.
Copa-Patino, J. L., Kim, Y. G., Broda, P. 1993. Production and initial characterization of the xylan-degrading system of Phanerochaete Chrysosporium. Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol. 40 : 69-76.
Cosgrove, D. J. 1998. Cell Walls: Structures, Biogenesis, and Expansion. In: Plant Physiology. pp.409-443., Taiz L., Zeiger E., Eds., Sinauer Associates, Inc, Sunderland.
Coughlan, M. P. 1985. Cellulase: production properties and application. Biochem. Soc. Trans. 13 : 405-406.
Coughlan, M. P., Hazlewood, G. P. 1985. β-1,4-D-xylan-degrading enzyme systems: biochemistry, molecular biology and application. Biotech. Appl. Biochem. 17 : 231-241.
Degryse, E., Glansdorff, N., Pierard, A. 1978. A comparative analysis of extreme thermophilic bacteria belonging to the genus Thermus. Arch. Microbiol. 30 : 189-196.
Dhillon, A., Gupta, J. K., Jauhari, B. M., Khanna, S. 2000. A cellulase-poor, thermostable, alkalitolerant xylanase produced by Bacillus circulans AB 16 grown on rice straw and its application in biobleaching of eucalyptus pulp. Biore. Technol. 73 : 273-277.
Dhillon, A., Gupta, J. K., Khanna, S. 2000. Enhanced production, purification and characterisation of a novel cellulase-poor thermostable, alkalitolerant xylanase from Bacillus circulans AB 16. Process. Biochem. 30 : 849-856
Dierick, N. A. 1989. Biotechnology acids to improve feed and feed digestion: enzyme and fermentation. Aech. Arim. Nutr. Berlin. 39 : 241-261.
Endo, K., Hakamada, Y., Takizawa, S., Kubota, H., Sumitomo, N., Kobayashi, T., Ito, S. 2001. A novel alkaline endoglucanase from an alkaliphilic Bacillus isolate: enzymatic properties, and nucleotide and deduced amino acid sequences. Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol. 57 : 109-116.
Esteban, A., Gomez-Acebo, E., de la Cal, M. A. 1982. Pulsus paradoxus in acute myocardial infarction. Chest. 81 : 47-50.
Golovacheva, R. S., Karavaiko, G. I. 1978. A new genus of thermophilic spore-forming bacteria. Sulfobacillus Microbiology (English traslation of Mikrobiologiya). 47 : 658-665.
Gomes, J., Purkarthofer, H., Hayn, M., Kapplmuller, J., Sinner, M., Steiner, W. 1993. Production of a high level of cellulase-free xylanase by the thermophilic fungus Thermomyces Lanuginosus in laboratory and pilot scales using lignocellulosic materials. Appl. Micro. Biotechnol. 39 : 700-707.
Grabski, A. C. Jeffries, T. W. 1991. Production, purification and characterization of β-(1-4)-endoxylanase of Streptomyces roseiscleroticus. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 57 : 987-992.
Grohmann, K., Himmel, M., Rivard, C., Tucker, M., Baker, J. 1984. Chemical-mechanical methods for the enhanced utilization of straw. Biotechnol. Bioeng. Symp. 14 : 137-157.
Grohmann, K., Torget, R., Himmel, M. 1985. Optimization of dilute acid pretreatment of biomass. Biotechnol. Bioeng. Symp. 15 : 59-80.
Hakamada, Y., Endo, K., Takizawa, S., Kobayashi, T., Shirai, T., Yamane, T., Ito, S. 2002. Enzymatic properties, crystallization, and deduced amino acid sequence ofan alkaline endoglucanase from Bacillus circulans. Biochim. Biophys. Acta. 1570 : 174-180.
Hakamada, Y., Hatada, Y., Ozawa, T., Ozaki, K., Kobayashi, T., Ito, S. 2001. Identification of thermostabilizing residues in a Bacillus alkalinecellulase by construction of chimeras from mesophilic andthermostable enzymes and site-directed mutagenesis. FEMS. Microbiol. Lett. 195 : 67-72.
Hakamada, Y., Koike, K., Yoshimatsu, T., Mori, H., Kobayashi, T., Ito S. 1997. Thermostable alkaline cellulase from an alkaliphilic isolate, Bacillus sp. KSM-S237. Extremophiles. 1 : 151-156.
Hazlewood, G. P., Gilbert, H. J. 1993. Molecular biology of hemicellulases. Hemicelluloses and Hemicellulases. 103
Heitz, M., Capek-Menard, E., Koeberle, P. G., Gagne, J., Chornet, E., Overend, R. P., Taylor, J. D., Yu, E. 1991. Fractionation of Populus tremuloides at the pilot plant scale: optimization of steam explosion pretreatment conditions using the STAKE II technology. Bioresour. Technol. 35 : 23-32.
Hesselman, K., Aman, P. 1986. The effect of β-glucanase on the utilization of starch and nitrogen by broiler chicken fed on barley of low or high viscosity. Anim. Feed. Sci. Technol. 15 : 83-93.
Hreggvidsson, G. O., Kaiste, E., Holst, O., Eggertsson, G., Palsdottir, A., Kristjansson J. K. 1996. An Extremely Thermostable Cellulase from the Thermophilic Eubacterium Rhodothermus marinus. Appl. Envir. Microbiol. 62 : 3047 - 3049.
Hung, L., Hseu, T. H., Wey, T. T. 1991. Purification and characterization of an endoxylanase from Trichoderma koningii G-39. Biochem. J. 278 : 329-333.
Ito, S. 1997. Alkaline cellulases from alkaliphilic Bacillus: enzymatic properties, genetics, and application to detergents. Extremophiles. 1 : 61-66.
Kang, S. W., Kim, S. W., Lee, J. S. 1995. Production of cellulase and xylanase in a bubble column using immobilized Aspergillus niger KKS. Appl. Biochem. Biotechnol. 53 : 101-106.
Khasin, A., Alchanati, I., Shoham, Y. 1993. Purification and characterization of a thermostable xylanase from Bacillus stearothermophilus T-6. Appl. Envir. Microbiol. 59 : 1725-1730.
Kim, C. H. 1995. Characterization and substrate specificity of an endo-beta-1,4-D- glucanase I (Avicelase I) from an extracellular multienzyme complex of Bacillus circulans. Appl. Envir. Microbiol. 61 : 959 - 965.
Knappert, H., Grethlein, H., Converse, A. 1980. Pretreatment of wood for enzymatic hydrolysis. Biotechnol. Bioeng. Symp. 11 : 67-77.
La-Grange, D. C., Claeyssens, M., Pretorius, I. S., van-Zyl, W. H. 2000. Coexpression of the Bacillus pumilus beta-xylosidase (xynB) gene with the Trichoderma reesei beta-xylanase-2 (xyn2) gene in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisae. Appl. Microbiol. Bitechnol. 54 : 195-200.
Lee, R. L., Charles, E. W., Tillman, U. G. 1999. Biocommodity engineering. Biotechnol. Prog. 15 : 777-793.
Lindberg, B., Rosell, K. G., Svensson, S. 1973. Position of O-acetyl groups in birch xylan. Svensk. Papperstid. 76 : 30-32.
Lundgren, K. R., Bergkvist, L., Hogman, S., Joves, H., Eriksson, G., Bartfai, T., Laan, J. V. D., Rosenbserg, E., Shoham, Y. 1994. TCF Mill Trial on softwood pulp with Korsnas thermostable and alkaline stable xylanase T6. FEMS. Microbiol. Rev. 13 : 365.
Mackenzie, C. R., Schneider, H. 1998. Production of acetyl xylan esterase by Trichoderma reesei and Schizophyllum commune. Can. J. Microbiol. 34 : 767-772.
Madlala, A. M., Biossoon, S., Singh, S., Christove, L. 2001. Xylanase induced reduction of chlorine dioxide consumption during elemental chlorine-free bleaching of different pulp types. Biotechnol. Lett. 23 : 345.
Manachini, P. L., Mora, D., Nicastro, G., Parini, C., Stackebrandt, E., Pukall, R., Fortina, M. G. 2000. Bacillus thermodenitrificans sp. nov., nom. rev. Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol. 50 : 1331-1337.
Mandel, M., Reese, E. T. 1956. Induction of cellulose in Trichoderma viride as influenced by carbon sources and metals. J. Bacteriol. 73 : 263-278.
Mandels, M. 1985. Application of cellulases. Biochem Soc Trans 13 : 414-415.
Mawadza, C., Hatti-Kaul, R., Zvauya, R., Mattiasson, B. 2000. Purification and characterization of cellulases produced by two Bacillus strains. J. Biotechnol. 83 : 177-187.
Miller, G. L. 1959. Use of dinitrosalicylic acid reagent for determination of reducing sugar. Anal. Chem. 31 : 426-428.
Mohn, W. W., Westerberg, K., Cullen, W. R., Reimer, K. J. 1997. Aerobic biodegradation of biphenyl and polychlorinated biphenyls by Arctic soil microorganisms. Appl. Envir. Microbiol. 63 : 3378-3384.
Morales, P., Sendra, J. M., Perez-Gonzalez, J. A. 1995. Purification and characterization of an arabinofuranosidase from Bacillus polymyxa expressed in Bacillus subtilis. Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol. 44 : 112-117.
Nakamura, S., Wakabayashi, K., Nakai, R., Aono, R., Horikoshi, K. 1993. Purification and some properties of an alkaline xylanase from alkaliphilic Bacillus sp. strain 41M-1. Appl. Envir. Microbiol. 59 : 2311-2316.
Nazina, T. N., Tourova, T. P., Poltaraus, A. B., Novikova, E. V., Grigoryan, A. A., Ivanova, A. E., Lysenko, A. M., Petrunyaka, V. V., Osipov, G. A., Belyaev, S. S., Ivanov, M. V. 2001. Taxonomic study of aerobic thermophilic bacilli: descriptions of Geobacillus subterraneus gen. nov., sp. nov. and Geobacillus uzenensis sp. nov. from petroleum reservoirs and transfer of Bacillus stearothermophilus, Bacillus thermocatenulatus, Bacillus thermoleovorans, Bacillus kaustophilus, Bacillus thermoglucosidasius and Bacillus thermodenitrificans to Geobacillus as the new combinations G. stearothermophilus, G. thermocatenulatus, G. thermoleovorans, G. kaustophilus, G. thermoglucosidasius and G. thermodenitrificans. Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol. 51 : 433-466.
Ozaki, K., Ito, S. 1991. Purification and properties of an acid endo-1,4-beta- glucanase from Bacillus sp. KSM-330. J. Gen. Microbiol. 137 : 41-48.
Phuong, L. P., Patricia, T., Michel, D., Pierre, S. 1998. Production of xylanases by Bacillus polymyxa using lignocellulosic wastes. Industrial. Crop. Product. 7 : 195-203.
Poutanen, K., Puls, J., Ratto, M., Viikari, L. 1987. Evaluation of different microbial xylanolytic systems. J. Biotechnol. 6 : 49-60.
Puls, J., Poutanen, K. 1989. Mechanisms of enzymic hydrolysis of hemicelluloses (Xylans) and procedures for determination of enzyme activities involved. In : Enzyme systems for Lignocellulose Degradation. pp. 151-165. Coughlan, M. P., Ed., Elsevier, London.
Puls, J., Schuseil, J. 1993. Chemestry of hemicellulose : relatioship between hemicellulose structure and enzyme requred for hydrolysis. In : Hemicelluloses and Hemicellulases. pp. 1-27. Coughlan, M. P. and Hazlewood, G. P., Eds., Protland Press, London.
Ramos, L. P., Breuil, C., Saddler, J. N. 1992. Comparison of steam pretreatment of eucalyptus, aspen, and spruce wood chips and their enzymatic hydrolysis. Appl. Biochem. Biotechnol. 34/35 : 37-48.
Robson, L. M., Chambliss, G. H. 1984. Characterization of the cellulolytic activity of a Bacillus isolate. Appl. Envir. Microbiol. 47 : 1039-1046.
Shoham, Y., Schwartz, Z., Khasin, A., Gat, O., Zosim, Z., Rosenberg, E. 1992. Delignification of wood oulo by thermostable xylanase from Bacillus stearothermophilus Strain T-6. Biodegradation. 3 : 207-218.
Singh, S., Pillay, B., Dilsook, V., Prior, B. A. 2000. Production and properties of hemicellulases by a Thermomyces lanuginosus strain. J. Appl. Microbiol. 88 : 975-982.
Singh, V. K., Kumar, A. 1998. Production and purification of an extracellular cellulase from Bacillus brevis VS-1. Biochem. Mol. Biol. Int. 45 : 443-452.
Subramaniyan, S., Prema, P. 2000. Cellulase-free xylanases from Bacillus and other microorganisms. FEMS. Microbiol. Lett. 183 : 1-7.
Subramaniyan, S., Prema, P. 2002. Biotechnology of microbial xylanases : enzymology, molecular biology, and application. Crit. Rev. Biotechnol. 22 : 33-64.
Sung, M. H., Kim, H., Bae, J. W., Rhee, S. K., Jeon, C. O., Kim, K., Kim, J. J., Hong, S. P., Lee, S. G., Yoon, J. H., Park, Y. H., Baek, D. H. 2002. Geobacillus toebii sp. nov., a novel thermophilic bacterium isolated from hay compost. Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol. 52 : 2251-2255.
Sunna, A., Prowe, S. G., Stoffregen, T., Antranikian, G. 1997. Characterization of the xylanases from the new isolated thermophilic xylan-degrading Bacillus thermoleovorans strain K-3d and Bacillus flavothermus strain LB3A. FEMS Microbiol. Lett. 148 : 209-216.
Teunissen, M. J., de Kort, G. V., Op den Camp, H. J., Huis in ''t Veld, J. H. 1992. Production of cellulolytic and xylanolytic enzymes during growth of the anaerobic fungus Piromyces sp. on different substrates. J. Gen. Microbiol. 138 : 1657-1664.
Timell, T. E. 1964. Wood hemicelluloses. I Adv Carbohydr Chem 19 : 247-302.
Timothy, S. M., Don, L. C. 1997. Purification and characterization of an alkaline xylanase from Streptomyces viridosporus T7A. Enzyme Microbial. Technol. 21 : 160-164.
Toget, R., Hatzis, C., Hayward, T. K., Hsu, T. A., Philippidis, G. P. 1996. Optimization of reverse-flow, two-temperature, dilute-acid pretreatment to enhance biomass conversion to enthanol. Appl. Biochem. Biotechnol. 57/58 : 85-101.
Toget, R., Walter, P., Himmel, M., Grohmann, K. 1991. Dilute sulfuric acid pretreatment of corn residues and short rotation woody crops. Appl. Biochem. biotechnol. 28/29 : 75-86.
Wang, L., Dale, B. E., Yurttas, L., Goldwasser, I. 1998. Cost estimates and sensitivity analysis for the ammonia fiber explosion process. Appl. Biochem. Biotechnol. 70/72 : 51-66.
Whistler, R. L., Richards, E. L. 1970. Hemicelluloses. In: The Carbohydrates. pp. 447-469. Vol. 2a. Pigman, W. and Horton, D., Ed., Academic Press, New York.
White, D., Sharp, R. J., Priest, F. G. 1993. A polyphasic taxonomic study of thermophilic bacilli from a wide geographical area. Antonie. Leeuwenhoek. 64 : 357-386.
Winterhalter, C., Liebl, W. 1995. Two Extremely Thermostable Xylanases of the Hyperthermophilic Bacterium Thermotoga maritima MSB8. Appl. Envir. Microbiol. 61 : 1810-1815.
Wood, T. M. 1985. Properties of cellulolytic enzyme systems. Biochem. Soc. Trans. 13 : 407-410.
Woodword, J. 1984. Xylanases : functions, properties and applications. Top. Enzyme. Ferment. Biotechnol. 8 : 9-30.
Zarilla, K. A., Perry, J. J. 1987. Bacillus thermoleovorans, sp. nov. a spciese of obligately thermophilic hydrocarbon utilizing endospore -forming bacteria. System. Appl. Microbiol. 9 : 258-264.
吳奇生，1987。利用纖維素物質發酵生產化學合成中間產物之研究。國立台灣大學農業化學研究所碩士論文。李春蓮，2000。Bacillus licheniformis聚木糖分解酵素之純化與生化特性探討。國力屏東科技大學食品科學系碩士論文。陳乃菁、余碧、邱文石、曾浩洋，1993。碳源及培養條件對Trichoderma reesei生產纖維素脢之研究。農林學報。42, 9-17.