臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

本試驗使用洋桔梗‘羅莎綠’（重瓣、中早生種），‘羅莎粉’（重瓣、中早生種），‘白金紫’（單瓣、中晚生種）3個品種為材料，探討短日處理與種苗來源對生長與開花之影響；以及使用‘羅莎綠’、‘羅莎粉’、‘羅莎黃’（重瓣、中早生種）3個品種之切花為材料，探討預措處理及不同採收成熟度與貯運條件，對瓶插壽命之影響。試驗結果如下：
經短日處理，不同種苗來源，對洋桔梗各種性狀影響頗大，進口種苗的簇生率是0﹪，高冷地育苗卻超過10﹪，株高是三種種苗來源無明顯差異，莖徑則以平地育苗的5.6cm最粗，節數與葉片數以進口種苗最多，平地育苗的節間長7.2cm，葉幅寬7.0cm，與進口種苗及高冷第育苗有顯著差異。第一朵花高度與花朵數及花苞數較不受種苗來源的影響，花徑也是進口種苗8.5cm較大，而花梗長以平地育苗的16.7 cm最長，盛花期74.3天最晚。不同品種會影響洋桔梗的簇生率與葉幅寬。然而對株高、莖徑、節數、節間長與葉片數則較不受影響。在開花品質方面，除盛花期外，第一朵花高、花苞數、花朵數、花徑與花梗長都會受不同品種所影響造成差異顯著。
採收成熟度以花朵開放數2朵最佳，經5℃ 7天模擬運輸後瓶插壽命達11.9天。不同貯運條件處理中；若以11℃ 7天模擬運輸，且運輸期間以含水及離水不同包裝，運輸後瓶插壽命分別為9.3及8.7天，建議含水運輸較佳。若以2℃ 7天模擬運輸，則含水與離水運輸間瓶插壽命無明顯差異，花朵開放率以含水包裝較佳，因此建議以2℃運輸可以使用離水包裝。

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of short-day treatment and seedling sources on the growth and flowering of the three cultivars of Eustoma, including ‘Rosa-Green’, ‘Rosa-Pink’, and ‘Plata-Violet’.The effects of pre-treatment, harvesting maturity, and storage technique on vase life of cut flowers in ‘Rosa Green’, ‘Rosa-Pink’ and ‘Rosa Yellow’ were also studied. The results summarized as follow:
Through the short-day treatment, seedling sources had a significant effect on the growth of Eustoma. The rosette rate of imported seedlings was 0%, while that of highland seedlings was 10%. There was no significant difference in plant height of the three different sources of seedlings. Lowland seedlings had the largest stem, with 5.6cm in diameter. Imported seedlings had the most numbers of nodes and leaves per flower stalks. Lowland seedlings had the maximum internode length of 7.2cm and leave width of 7.0cm. Compared with imported and highland seedlings, there were significant differences. The height of the first flower and number of flowers and buds were less-affected by the sources of seedlings. The imported seedlings had the largest diameter of 8.5cm, and low-land seedlings had the longest length of flower stalk of 16.7cm with the latest full blooming stage of 74.3 days. The cultivars affected rosette rate and leave width of Eustoma. However, plant height, stem diameter, number of nodes, length of internodes, number of leaves were not affected. In the aspect of blooming quality, except during full blooming stage, the height of the first flower, number of flowers and buds, lengths of flower stalks varied significantly with the effects of different cultivars.
As to harvesting maturity, 2 flower develop mental stage were the optimal. The 7-day simulated transportation under 5℃ made the vase life as long as 11.9 days. Under different storage conditions, after a 7-day and 11℃ simulated transportation, the vase life of the flowers transported with and without water were 9.3 and 8.7 days respectively. Thus, water saturation is suggested for delivery. In another simulated transportation in 7 days and under 2℃, no significant difference was observed between the vase life of flowers transported with and without water. But flowers saturated with water had a better opening rate. Hence, it is suggested to transport flowers in water-free packages under 2℃.

中文摘要 •••••••••••••••••••••••••I
英文摘要•••••••••••••••••••••••••III
目錄••••••••••••••••••••••••••• V
表目次••••••••••••••••••••••••••VI
圖目次••••••••••••••••••••••••••VIII前言 •••••••••••••••••••••••••••1
前人研究 •••••••••••••••••••••••••4
壹、洋桔梗之植物性狀及生長習性 ••••••••••••4
貳、影響洋桔梗生長與開花之因素 ••••••••••• 5
參、影響洋桔梗瓶插壽命之因素 •••••••••••••19
材料及方法••••••••••••••••••••••••33
壹、短日處理對洋桔梗不同種苗來源及品種生長與開花之影響 33
貳、採收成熟度及貯運技術對洋桔梗瓶插壽命之影響•••• 35
結果 •••••••••••••••••••••••••••42
壹、短日處理對洋桔梗不同種苗來源及品種生長與開花之影響42
貳、採收成熟度及貯運技術對洋桔梗瓶插壽命之影響•••• 53
討論•••••••••••••••••••••••••••89
壹、短日處理對洋桔梗不同種苗來源及品種生長與開花之影響89
貳、採收成熟度及貯運技術對洋桔梗瓶插壽命之影響•••• 96
參考文獻•••••••••••••••••••••••••100
表目錄

表1. 短日處理對洋桔梗不同種苗來源及品種生長與發育之影響•60
表2. 短日處理對洋桔梗不同種苗來源及品種開花品質之影響••61
表3. 不同種苗來源對洋桔梗品種生長與發育之影響••••••62
表4. 不同種苗來源對洋桔梗品種開花品質之影響•••••••63
表5. 短日處理及不同種苗來源對洋桔梗‘白金紫’生長與發育
之影響•••••••••••••••••••••••64
表6. 短日處理及不同種苗來源對洋桔梗‘白金紫’開花品質之
影響••••••••••••••••••••••••65
表7. 短日處理及不同種苗來源對洋桔梗‘羅莎綠’生長與發育
之影響 •••••••••••••••••••••••66
表8. 短日處理及不同種苗來源對洋桔梗‘羅莎綠’ 開花品質之
影響•••••••••••••••••••••••• 67
表9. 短日處理及不同種苗來源對洋桔梗‘羅莎粉’生長與發育
之影響•••••••••••••••••••••••68
表10.短日處理及不同種苗來源對洋桔梗‘羅莎粉’開花品質之
影響••••••••••••••••••••••••69
表11.不同採收成熟度對洋桔梗切花品質之影響 ••••••••70
表12.不同貯運溫度對切花品質之影響 ••••••••••••71
表13.不同成熟度、貯運條件及保鮮處理對切花品質之影響 •••72
表14.不同品種、貯運溫度及保鮮處理以離水運輸後對切花品質
之影響•••••••••••••••••••••••73
表15.11℃貯運條件下不同包裝方式對洋桔梗切花品質之影響•••••••••••••••••••••••••74
表16.2℃貯運條件下不同包裝方式對洋桔梗切花品質之影響•••75

圖目錄
圖1. 在自然日照下，不同種苗來源對洋桔梗‘羅莎綠’花莖長度
之影響•••••••••••••••••••••••76
圖2. 在自然日照下，不同種苗來源對洋桔梗‘羅莎粉’花莖長度
之影響•••••••••••••••••••••••77
圖3. 短日處理與種苗來源對洋桔梗‘白金紫’花莖長度之影響•••78
圖4. 經短日處理不同種苗來源對洋桔梗‘羅莎綠’花莖長度之影響•79
圖5. 經短日處理不同種苗來源對洋桔梗‘羅莎粉’花莖長度之影響•80
圖6. 2°C貯運7天後瓶插於25℃下7天，洋桔梗‘羅莎綠’花苞
開放情形•••••••••••••••••••••••81
圖7. 2°C貯運7天後瓶插於25℃下7天，洋桔梗‘羅莎黃’花苞
開放情形•••••••••••••••••••••••82
圖8. 2°C離水貯運7天後瓶插於25℃下8天，不同採收成熟度
的洋桔梗‘羅莎綠’花苞開放情形•••••••••••••83
圖9. 11°C離水貯運7天後瓶插於25℃下8天，不同採收成熟度
的洋桔梗‘羅莎綠’花苞開放情形•••••••••••••84
圖10. 2°C或11°C離水貯運7天後瓶插於25℃下4天，洋桔梗
‘羅莎綠’與‘羅莎粉’花苞開放情形••••••••••••85
圖11. 2°C離水貯運7天後瓶插於25℃下7天，洋桔梗‘羅莎綠’
花苞開放情形••••••••••••••••••••86
圖12. 2°C離水貯運7天後瓶插於25℃下7天，洋桔梗‘羅莎黃’
花苞開放情形••••••••••••••••••••87
圖13. 11°C離水貯運7天後瓶插於25℃下7天，洋桔梗‘羅莎黃’
花苞開放情形••••••••••••••••••••88

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