臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

豬瘟病毒（classical swine fever virus, CSFV；又稱hog cholera virus, HCV）是一種豬隻嚴重的病毒性傳染病，具有高度傳染性與高致死率，對養豬業者威脅甚鉅。台灣豬瘟疫情在減毒疫苗使用後雖使疫情趨緩式微，但在田間使用疫苗之免疫適期和使用後之疫苗毒穩定性仍有待探討。本研究於台灣地區共20家豬場收集480隻豬隻樣本，每場分別於肉豬第一劑豬瘟疫苗施打前及最後一劑施打後6週，逢機選取豬隻各12頭，採取血液及扁桃腺刮取物，進行豬瘟病毒抗體檢測以及病毒E2、NS5B及3'-UTR反轉錄聚合酶鏈鎖反應（RT-PCR）及基因定序。結果顯示20家豬場免疫後之良好率約70 % ，而E2、NS5B及3’UTR基因序列分析顯示，田間分離株屬於疫苗株，且有2.08 %（5/240）豬隻於免疫前檢出疫苗毒，而此可能會對豬隻免疫適期造成影響。

中文摘要 ---------------------------------------------------------------------- i
英文摘要 ---------------------------------------------------------------------- ii
目次 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- iii
表次 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- vii
圖次 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- viii
第一章 緒論 ----------------------------------------------------------------- 1
第二章 文獻探討 ----------------------------------------------------------- 5
第一節 豬瘟之歷史背景及預防控制 ----------------------------------- 5
1.1 豬瘟之流行概況 ---------------------------------------------- 5
1.2 豬瘟之預防控制 ---------------------------------------------- 7
1.3 豬瘟疫苗免疫時機-------------------------------------------- 10
1.4 豬瘟病毒感染與免疫系統之交互關係-------------------- 12
第二節 豬瘟病毒之特性 -------------------------------------------------- 13
2.1 結構型態與理化特性 ---------------------------------------- 13
第三節 豬瘟病毒基因與蛋白之研究 ----------------------------------- 14
3.1 病毒基因 ------------------------------------------------------- 14
3.2 病毒蛋白 ------------------------------------------------------- 16
3.3 病毒結構蛋白 ------------------------------------------------- 16
3.4 病毒非結構蛋白 ---------------------------------------------- 20
3.5 病毒3´端非轉譯區之研究 ---------------------------------- 22
第四節 豬瘟之分子流行病學 -------------------------------------------- 25
第五節 豬瘟病毒感染之致病機制 -------------------------------------- 29
第六節 豬瘟病毒感染之臨床症狀 -------------------------------------- 31
6.1 甚急性及急性豬瘟 ------------------------------------------- 31
6.2 亞急性豬瘟 ---------------------------------------------------- 32
6.3 慢性豬瘟 ------------------------------------------------------- 32
6.4 遲發性豬瘟.----------------------------------------------------- 33
第七節 豬瘟病毒之診斷 -------------------------------------------------- 34
7.1 免疫學診斷技術 (抗原之偵測) ---------------------------- 34
7.2 抗體之測定 ---------------------------------------------------- 35
7.3 病毒分離 ------------------------------------------------------- 36
7.4 病毒核酸之偵測 ---------------------------------------------- 36
第三章 實驗設計與材料方法 ------------------------------------------- 40
第一節 實驗設計 ---------------------------------------------------------- 40
第二節 材料與方法 ------------------------------------------------------- 40
2.1 樣本來源 ------------------------------------------------------- 40
2.2 樣本保存 ------------------------------------------------------- 41
2.3 ELISA血清抗體檢測 --------------------------------------- 41
2.3.1 操作步驟 ---------------------------------------------- 41
2.3.2 ELISA判讀基準 ------------------------------------- 42
2.4 反轉錄聚合酶鏈鎖反應 (RT-PCR) --------------------- 43
第四章 結果 ---------------------------------------------------------------- 46
第一節 樣本收集 --------------------------------------------------------- 46
第二節 ELISA抗體檢測 ------------------------------------------------ 47
第三節 反轉錄聚合酶鏈鎖反應及定序 ------------------------------ 49
3.1 NS5B基因片段 ---------------------------------------------- 49
3.2 E2基因片段 -------------------------------------------------- 49
3.3 NS5B與E2基因片段 -------------------------------------- 50
3.4 3’UTR基因片段 --------------------------------------------- 51
第四節 序列比對分析 --------------------------------------------------- 51
4.1 NS5B基因片段 ----------------------------------------------- 51
4.2 E2基因片段 --------------------------------------------------- 52
4.3 NS5B與E2基因片段 --------------------------------------- 52
4.4 3’UTR基因片段 ---------------------------------------------- 53
第五章 討論 --------------------------------------------------------------- 55
第六章 結論 --------------------------------------------------------------- 59
參考文獻 ---------------------------------------------------------------------- 61
圖表 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- 77

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