臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

本研究主要目的在探討鐵路列車行進時，其所產生環境噪音振動之分析模式。並推估相關土建支承結構及軌道參數對輪軌輻射音之影響。輪軌輻射音之分析係利用歐洲鐵道研究學會(ERRI)及其它相關研究團體所開發之TWINS軟體進行，分析結果包括輪軌交接處之聲功率、軌道旁特定受音點處之環境總音壓位準，總音壓位準中各成分音之位準，包括鋼軌輻射音、鋼輪輻射音、軌枕輻射音、軌道版輻射音及土建支承結構輻射音等。探討相關參數包括車速、軌道結構、扣件及土建支承結構包括高架段、路堤段、及道碴段等之噪音分佈，及各參數對輻射噪音的貢獻程度，進而進行低噪音量之參數探討。
軌道車輛所引起之地盤振動分析，係利用美國運輸部所發展之方法，由軌道路線量測之地質特性，如動性、加速性等轉移函數與軌道車輛行進時之激振頻譜計算出地盤振動量，再按Gordon設備廠房之允許振動準則評估該振動量是否可接受。
由高速鐵路噪音模擬結果可知，當列車行駛於道碴段、高架段、路堤段及LVT軌道上，以道碴段輻射噪音最小，其次為LVT軌道，再來為路堤段及高架段。
台北捷運列車之落錘振動，距軌道中心線93m處高科技廠房預測結果可得，於地下段之振動峰值為31.5Hz～40Hz之間，會超過Gordon建議之VC-D曲線。
關鍵詞：高速鐵路、軌道系統、噪音、振動、輪軌互制

The aim of the thesis is mainly to establish the analysis model for environmental noise and vibration induced by a moving track vehicle. Also the related parameters, such as the characteristics of the track supporting structure and the track itself, on the rail/wheel radiation noise level have been discussed by this model. Basically the rail/wheel noise is analyzed by use of software TWINS(Track-Wheel Interaction Noise Software), which was developed by the ERRI(European Rail Research Institute) and some other related groups for the development of low noise track systems. The analysis results encompass the sound power generated at the rail/wheel interface, the environmental sound level at any receiving point alongside the track, component sound level such as noise radiated from rail, wheel, sleeper, slab and supporting structure respectively. And discussion of the relevant parameter to speed , track structure , fastener. analyse noise of viaducts , embankment , ballasted track.
Groundborne vibration generated by track vehicle is predicted by the method developed by the Federal Transit Administration(FTA) of USA. In which groundborne vibration can be analyzed by the transfer function such as mobility or Accelerance spectrum of the geology at the track route and the excitation force spectrum induced by a moving track vehicle. Such groundborne vibration can be assessed by the Gordon’s vibration criterion for the requirement of sensitive equipment manufactures.
From the simulation results of the noise of Taiwan High Speed Rail, it shows that the noise level is the smallest when the train is moving on the ballast section, the next is on LVT track and then followed by embankment section and viaduct section.
From the simulation results of the gorundborne at a high-tech manufacture 93m away from the track of the Taipei Rapid Transport system, it shows that the vibration level, in the frequency range of 31.5Hz～40Hz for the underground section, has exceeded the Gordon VC-D criterion curve.
Keyword: High-speed railway, track system, noise, vibration, rail-wheel interaction

第一章 緒論 1
1-1 研究動機與背景 1
1-2 文獻回顧 2
1-3 研究目的與範圍 3
第二章 軌道結構系統之噪音模擬 10
2-1 使用軟體介紹 10
2-2 TWINS程式之理論基礎 10
2-2-1 鋼輪振動模態分析 12
2-2-2 車輪之導納函數分析 14
2-2-3 車輪之振動反應 16
2-2-4 鋼軌之導納函數分析 16
2-2-5 軌枕之導納函數分析 30
2-2-6 鋼軌之振動反應 31
2-2-7 輪軌交互作用模式 32
2-2-8 輪軌音輻射 39
2-2-9 由聲功率計算音壓 44
第三章 軌道結構系統之噪音數值分析 48
3-1 高鐵軌道系統不同土建段對音場影響分析 48
3-2 高鐵輪軌噪音輸入資料 50
3-3 分析結果 66
3-3-1 平面道碴段之輪軌輻射音 66
3-3-2 高架段版式軌道扣件A情況之輪軌輻射音 77
3-3-3 高架段版式軌道扣件B情況之輪軌輻射音 87
3-3-4 路堤段版式軌道扣件A情況之輪軌輻射音 98
3-3-5 路堤段版式軌道扣件B情況之輪軌輻射音 108
3-3-6 高架段版式軌道扣件C情況之輪軌輻射音 119
3-3-7 低振動軌道LVT(Low Vibration Track)之輻射音 129
3-4輪軌輻射音彙總討論 147
第四章 軌道系統環境振動分析 152
4-1 振動基本概念 152
4-2 地盤振動實驗 153
4-3 地盤振動實驗設備 157
4-4 實驗數據處理 158
4-5 地下段量測及地盤振動分析 159
4-5-1 激振力頻譜 162
4-5-2 地下段落錘頻譜圖 163
4-5-3 地下段頻率響應函數計算 171
4-5-4 列車駛於地下段之地盤振動評估 184
4-6 高架段量測及地盤振動分析 191
4-6-1 捷運高架段實際量測 193
4-6-2 高架段落錘頻譜圖 194
4-6-3 高架段頻率響應函數計算 204
4-6-4 高架段振動評估 208
4-7 振動實驗分析討論 209
第五章 結論 211
參考文獻 213

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