臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

本文旨在研究具有效與無效功率控制之市電併聯型太陽光電能變流器，文中分成三個部分，第一部分著重於兩倍頻瞬時功率現象之探討，並分別利用直流側濾波電路及主動式電力解耦合電路，消除在直流側所產生之兩倍市電頻率的電壓漣波，使太陽光電板在做最大功率點追蹤時，能汲取太陽光電板的最大功率。第二部分則為市電併聯型單相變流器之功率控制研究，結合直流鏈電壓控制及輸出電流控制，以調控輸出電流，並有效地穩定直流鏈電壓，達到功率控制及穩定系統電壓之需求。第三部分為市電併聯型三相變流器之功率控制分析，透過座標軸轉換，將所得電流信號做運算，進而調整輸出交流電流，達到有效與無效功率調節之功能。最後利用Psim模擬軟體進行分析與模擬，以驗證本文之理論分析及控制策略的可行性。

This thesis analyzes the common problems of grid-tied photovoltaic (PV) inverter, and mainly consists of three segments, double-line-frequency voltage ripples of traditional inverter, output power control of single-phase grid-tied PV inverter, and output power control of three-phase grid-tied PV inverter. The power mismatch between dc input and ac output will cause the PV inverter hard to track the maximum power point (MPP), and decrease the efficiency. To regulate the dc-bus voltage, the output power of single-phase grid-tied PV inverter is controlled by comparing the output current of inverter with a reference current. To simplify the power control of three-phase grid-tied PV inverter, the three sinusoidal voltages and currents will be transfer into two-dimension coordinate, which separately stands for active power and reactive power. Finally, all the control strategies will be simulated by PSIM to verify the theoretical analysis in this thesis.

中文摘要 i
Abstract ii
致謝 iii
目錄 iv
圖目錄 vi
表目錄 ix
第一章　緒論 1
　　1.1　研究動機與目的 1
　　1.2　內容大綱 4
第二章　變流器介紹 5
　　2.1　基本變流器動作原理 5
　　　　2.1.1　全橋式變流器 5
　　 2.1.2　正弦脈波寬度調變原理 7
　　2.2　變流器架構及控制原理 11
2.2.1　Z-Source變流器 11
2.2.2　五階變流器 16
2.2.3　相位配置脈波寬度調變原理 18
　　2.3　兩倍頻瞬時功率現象 21
2.3.1　直流側濾波電路 25
2.3.2　主動式電力解耦合電路 26
2.4 共模電壓影響 29
2.5 LC濾波電路設計 32

第三章　有效與無效功率控制策略 35
3.1　單相變流器之功率控制 35
3.1.1直流鏈電壓控制 36
3.1.2輸出電流控制 36
3.2　三相變流器之功率控制 37
3.2.1 參考座標軸 37
3.2.2 靜止座標軸轉換 39
3.2.3 同步旋轉座標軸轉換 41
3.2.4 功率控制設計 41
第四章　模擬結果 47
　　4.1 消除兩倍市電頻率電壓漣波 47
　　4.2 具有效與無效功率控制之市電併聯型單相變流器 54
　　4.3　具有效與無效功率控制之市電併聯型三相變流器 59
第五章　結論與未來研究方向 64
　　5.1　結論 64
　　5.2　未來研究方向 64
參考文獻 66

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