臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

過去幾年全世界拍攝了不少與航空相關的電影或是電視影集。飛航管制屬於航空業其中一環但卻鮮為人知。考量觀眾仰賴字幕並藉此獲得航空及飛航管制的相關知識，影片字幕扮演了很重要的角色。本文目的在於研究分析飛航主題相關影片之字幕翻譯策略及討論有爭議的字幕。經探討及檢視研究資料，除了歸納出合適的字幕翻譯策略外，並以身為飛航管制員的角度及經驗提出建議的字幕譯文。研究結果發現字幕譯者多採用刪除、刪節及直譯等策略翻譯航空用語及飛航管制術語。是否擁有良好的聽力及飛航專業知識會大幅影響譯文品質。劇中人物的非標準口音、影片畫面及缺乏專業知識是造成誤譯的三大主因。建議未來翻譯字幕應考量飛航管制術語特性及飛航管制員語氣，先採用詮釋闡明語意的方式再搭配影片畫面濃縮譯文以符合字幕空間限制並幫助觀眾理解劇情，確實掌握與了解飛航世界的溝通用語與相關知識。

For the past years, the film industry worldwide has shot movies and TV series about aviation. And the field of air traffic control under aviation is rarely known to the public. Since the subtitles of the films play an important role, the audience with few background knowledge of aviation even air traffic control will rely on the subtitles to comprehend the plot. The aim of the thesis is to examine and analyze the strategies used in translating the subtitles of films related to aviation and to provide more effective and practicable solutions to the problematic dialogue in the films. The aviation jargon is collected from six English films and one TV series. The suggested translations of problematic subtitles are proposed based on the perspective and what had been learned as an air traffic controller. The result shows that “deletion,” “decimation” and “direct approach” are the strategies frequently used to translate aviation jargon and terms. The quality of the subtitle translations is influenced by the listening ability and professional knowledge of the subtitle translators. The three main factors in mistranslation are caused by the misinterpretation of the nonstandard accents and the images in the films and the lack of specialized knowledge in aviation. It is suggested that subtitle translators apply strategies like “expansion” and “annotation” to clarify the meaning of the terms during the process of translation, and then “condense” the subtitles to fewer words in accordance with the images in films in order to conform to the limited space and help the audience grasp the plot easily and get immersed in the world of aviation with ease.

摘要 i
ABSTRACT ii
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS iv
TABLE OF CONTENTS v
LIST OF TABLES x
LIST OF FIGURES xii
LIST OF EXAMPLES xiii
LIST OF SUGGESTED TRANSLATIONS OF EXAMPLES xiv
CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION 1
1.1 Motivation of the Study 1
1.2 Purpose of the Study 2
1.3 Significance of the Study 3
1.4 Definition of Terms 4
1.5 Organization of the Study 6
CHAPTER TWO LITERATURE REVIEW 7
2.1 Screen Translation 7
2.1.1 Translation Theories and Subtitle Translation 9
2.2 Characteristics and Limitations of Subtitle Translation 13
2.2.1 Subtitle Translators’ Point of View 14
2.2.2 Audiences’ Point of View 14
2.2.3 Time Limitations 16
2.2.4 Space Limitations 16
2.3 Procedure for Translating Subtitles 17
2.4 Strategies of Subtitle Translation 18
2.5 Terminology Translation 25
CHAPTER THREE AIR TRAFFIC CONTROL AND THE RESEARCH MATERIALS 28
3.1 Introduction of Aviation 28
3.1.1 Civil Aviation Organizations 29
3.1.2 Airline and Airport Codes 29
3.2 Air Traffic Control 33
3.2.1 Area Control Center 33
3.2.2 Approach Control 34
3.2.3 Aerodrome Control Tower 34
3.3 The Journey of a Flight 36
3.4 Research Materials 38
3.4.1 Always 39
3.4.2 Final Descent 40
3.4.3 Blackout Effect 41
3.4.4 Ground Control 42
3.4.5 Pushing Tin 43
3.4.6 United 93 45
3.4.7 Ultimate Airport Dubai (TV Series) 45
3.5 Procedures 46
CHAPTER FOUR TRANSLATION STRATEGIES, PROBLEMS AND SOLUTIONS 48
4.1 Aviation Jargon Explained 49
4.1.1 Radiotelephony Call Signs for Aircraft 49
4.1.2 Runway Name 57
4.1.3 Altimeter Setting 61
4.1.4 Altitude and Flight Level 63
4.1.5 Nautical Mile 67
4.1.6 Airspeed 68
4.1.7 Wind 71
4.1.8 Heading 72
4.1.9 Radiotelephony Call Signs for Aeronautical Stations 74
4.1.10 Radio Communications Transfer 79
4.2 Dialogues 84
4.2.1 Example 2 (From “Ground Control”) 84
4.2.2 Example 3 (From “Ground Control”) 85
4.2.3 Example 4 (From “Ground Control”) 88
4.2.4 Example 5 (From “Ground Control”) 92
4.2.5 Example 6 (From “Blackout Effect”) 96
4.2.6 Example 7 ( From “Blackout Effect”) 98
4.2.7 Example 8 (From “Blackout Effect”) 101
4.2.8 Example 9 (From “The Ultimate Airport Dubai Episode 9”) 104
4.2.9 Example 10 (From “Always”) 106
4.2.10 Example 11 (From “United 93”) 110
4.2.11 Example 12 (From “United 93”) 112
4.2.12 Example 13 (From “United 93”) 115
4.2.13 Example 14 (From “United 93”) 118
4.2.14 Example 15 (From “Always”) 120
4.2.15 Example 16 (From “Final Descent”) 127
CHAPTER FIVE CONCLUSION 135
5.1 Summary of the Findings 135
5.2 Limitations and Suggestions for Future Research 138
WORKS CITED 140
In Chinese 140
In English 140

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