臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

本研究延伸前人結合Object-Oriented High Level Petri Nets(OPNets) 和Time Petri Nets之時間延遲區間觀念所提出的模塑二維虛擬實境之研究，將其模塑二維虛擬實境中使用者漫遊、視角及物件間互動關係之方法，擴充到三維空間，並修改擴充可到達樹，提出一能求算系統中之死結、非預期結束、迴圈、與一種獨特的迴圈之時間可到達樹，並提出相關證明，最後歸納出結合可到達圖之死結偵測與前述獨特迴圈偵測優化流程。
OPNets為一具有物件導向特性之派翠網，具有一般派翠網的特性，即適用於表現平行、同步、非同步、以及不確定系統動態行為。OPNets為一圖形表示工具，且提供了一種良好的代數語法(algebraic semantic)，可用來驗證系統的行為。時間延遲區間則是Time Petri Nets中描述觸發時間區間之架構，規範了時間派翠網致能後觸發的最早與最晚時間，但是對於結合時間延遲區間之OPNets，如何偵測死結等問題並無現成之方法。本研究擴充前人的可到達樹，來偵測Time Object-Oriented Petri Nets中之死結、非預期結束、迴圈與一種獨特的迴圈。

This research extends predecessor’s research on combining Object-Oriented High Level Petri Nets (OPNets) with time delay interval of Time Petri Nets to model two-dimensional virtual reality, and advances a method of modeling user roaming, change of user view angle, and object interaction activities in three-dimensional virtual reality.We modify and extend predecessor’s reachability tree, and then put forward a time reachability tree with the ability to detect the deadlock, unexpected end, loop, and a kind of peculiar loop in the system. This thesis not only proves this method, but also compresses the optimum processes with the reachability graph to detect the deadlock and the proposed peculiar loop in the system.
OPNets are petri nets with object-oriented property, and have the general charac-teristics of Petri Nets. So, it is useful to describe parallel, concurrent, distributed systems and nondeterministic systems with dynamic behaviors. OPNets is a graphical expression tool, and offers a quality algebraic semantic that can be used for verifying the system’s behavior. Time delay interval is the structure of describing the firing time interval of the Time Petri Nets, and it also defines earliest and latest firing time of the Time Petri Nets. But the ready-made method of detecting the deadlock or other problems in the OPNets with time delay interval is not existing now. This thesis extends predecessor’s reachability tree to detect the deadlock, unexpected end, loop, and peculiar loop in the Time Object-Oriented Petri Nets.

中文摘要　．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． iii
英文摘要　．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． iv
誌謝辭　　．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． v
內容目錄　．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． vi
表目錄　　．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． vii
圖目錄　　．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． ix
第一章　　緒論．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 1
第一節　　研究背景及動機．．．．．．．．．．．． 1
第二節 研究目的．．．．．．．．．．．．． 3
第三節 研究限制．．．．．．．．．．．．． 4
第四節 研究架構與流程．．．．．．．．．． 5
第二章　　文獻探討．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 7
　　第一節　　基本派翠網探討．．．．．．．．．．．． 7
第二節 延伸型派翠網探討．．．．．．．．．．． 19
第三節 派翠網之死結．．．．．．．．．．．．． 33
第四節 Wang、Deng、與Xu之可到達樹．．．．． 34
第五節 描述虛擬實境正規化模式探討．．．．．． 40
第三章　 三維時間物件導向派翠網模型．．．．．．．． 42
　　第一節　　基本模式定義．．．．．．．．．．．．． 42
第二節 使用者漫遊、視角之描述．．．．．．．．．． 44
第四章　 時間可到達樹．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 64
第一節　　時間可到達樹之基本定義與規則．．．．． 64
第二節　　時間可到達樹之研究限制與設定．．．．． 71
第三節　　預備動作．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 71
第四節　　時間可到達樹之範例研究．．．．．．．． 72
第五節　　 時間可到達樹之演算法．．．．．．．． 93
第六節 判斷流程．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 94
第五章　 理論分析與證明．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 96
第一節　　時間可到達樹相關方法證明．．．．．．． 96
第二節　　時間派翠網理論分析．．．．．．．．．． 101
第六章　 結論與未來研究方向．．．．．．．．．．．． 103
第一節　　結論．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 103
第二節　 未來研究方向．．．．．．．．．．．．． 103
參考文獻 ．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 105
附錄A　 時間可到達樹之演算法．．．．．．．．．．．． 110

一、中文部份
李艾傑(1997)，以派翠網路模型來分析與探討多人互動虛擬實境。系統之設計，私立淡江大學資訊工程研究所未出版之碩士論文。
洪嘉蕙(2000)，虛擬實境技術輔助水下遙控潛具導航之研究，國立 中山大學海洋環境及工程學系研究所未出版之碩士論文。
唐培和(1998)，動態鎖死分析與檢測，廣西工學院學報，9(1)。
郭正欽(2004)，模糊派翠網路在主變壓器裝設時程規劃之研究，國立高雄應用科技大學電機工程學系研究所未出版之碩士論文。
陸益明(1998)，延伸型Petri Net描述VR時空關係之研究，國立中央大學資訊管理研究所未出版之碩士論文。
陳若儀(1999)，導入物件導向與派翠網於嵌入式系統的發展，私 立大葉大學資訊管理研究所未出版之碩士論文。
張元斌(1998)，多媒體時空關係展示延伸型 Petri Net模式，國立中央大學資訊管理研究所未出版之碩士論文。
張光復，宮大川(1999)，裴氏網基本理論探討，工業工程學刊，16(1)，63-83。
董紅斌，楊巨慶(1999)，petri網：概念、分析方法和應用，哈爾濱師範大學自然科學學報，15(5)，59-63。
蘇心威(2002)，以petri net作為VR描述工具之研究-以漫遊與物件間互動為例，私立中國文化大學資訊管理研究所未出版之碩士論文。
二、英文部份
Adams, T. (2002). Ultrasonic virtual images. Advanced Materials & Processes, 160(4), 32-34.
Allen, J. F. (1983). Maintaining knowledge about temporal intervals. Communications of the ACM, 26(11), 832-843.
Chu, F., & Xie, X. L. (1997). Deadlock analysis of petri nets using si-phons and mathematical programming. IEEE Transactions on Robotics and Automation, 13(6), 793-803.
Flinn, E. D. (2005). Virtual reality emerges lighter and faster. Aerospace America, 43(2), 20-21.
Franz, G., Von Der Heyde, M., & Bülthoff, H. H. (2005). An empirical approach to the experience of architectural space in virtual reality—exploring relations between features and affective appraisals of rectangular indoor spaces. Automation in Construction, 14(2), 165-172.
Hackländer, T., & Mertens, H. (2005). Virtual MRI: A PC-based si-mulation of a clinical MR scanner. Academic Radiology, 12(1), 85-96.
Illman, D. L. (1994). Researchers make progress in applying virtual reality to chemistry. Chemical & Engineering News, 72(12), 22-25.
Jacob, A., Hamre, T., Evensen, G., & Mughal, K. A. (2003). Develop-ing a marine information system by integrating existing ocean models using object-oriented technology. Marine Geodesy, 26(1-2), 87-106.
Kuttuva, M., Burdea, G., Flint, J., & Craelius, W. (2005). Manipula-tion practice for upper-limb amputees using virtual reality. Te-leoperators & Virtual Environments, 14(2), 175-182.
Lee, Y. K., & Park, S. J. (1993). OPNets: An object-oriented high level petri net model for real-time system modeling. Journal of Systems Software, 20(1), 69-86.
Li, J-P., & Thompson, G. (2005). Mechanical failure analysis in a vir-tual reality environment. Proceedings of the I MECH E Part E Journal of Process Mechanical Engineering, 219(3), 237-250.
Little, T. D. C., & Ghafoor, A. (1990). Synchronization and storage models for multimedia objects. IEEE Journal on Selected in Communications, 8(3), 413-427.
Mascarenhas, R., Karumuri D., Buy U., & Kenyon R. (1998). Model-ing and analysis of a virtual reality system with time petri nets. In B. Werner (Ed.), Proceedings of the ISEA Conference (pp. 33-42), kyoto, Japan.。
McCloy, R., & Stone, R. (2001). Virtual reality in surgery. British Medical Journal, 323(7318), 912-915.
MURATA, T. (1989). Petri Nets: Properties, analysis and application. Proceedings of the IEEE, 77(4), 541-580.
Nicdao, J. A. (2000). Fundamental structures in petri nets, Unpub-lished master’s thesis, University of National Cheng Chi, Taipei, Taiwan.
Pedrycz, W., & Gomide, F. (1994). A generalized fuzzy petri net model, IEEE Trans. Fuzzy Systems, 2(4), 295–301.
Peterson, J. L. (1981). Petri net theory and the modeling of systems. New Jersey: Prentice-Hall.
Petri, C. A. (1962). Kommunikation mit automate. Unpublished doc-toral dissertation, University of Bonn, Bonn.
Ramchandani, C. (1974). Analysis of asynchronous concurrent sys-tem by timed petri nets (Technical Report 120). Massachu-setts: Massachusetts Institute of Technology.
Rieger, M., Gabl, M., Gruber, H., Jaschke, W. R., & Mallouhi, A. (2005). CT virtual reality in the preoperative workup of malu-nited distal radius fractures: Preliminary results. European Ra-diology, 15(4), 792-797.
Riva, G. (2005). Virtual reality in psychotherapy: Review. CyberPsy-chology & Behavior, 8(3), 220-230.
Shieh, M. S., & Tseng D. C. (1996). Modeling virtual reality system using rule-based petri-net approach. Tamsui oxford Journal of Management Sciences, 13, 41-62.
Smith, S. (2003). Virtual reality in geography. Environment & Plan-ning B: Planning & Design, 30(5), 794-796.
Suzuki, Y., & Kobayashi, Minoru. (2005). Air jet driven force feed-back in virtual reality. IEEE Computer Graphics & Applications, 25(1), 44-47.
Wang, J., Deng, Y., & Xu, G. (2000). Reachability analysis of real-time systems using time petri nets. IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man and Cybernetics, 30(5), 725-736.
Ye, X., Zhou, J. T., & Song, X. Y. (2003). On reachability graphs of petri nets. Computers and Electrical Engineering, 29(2), 263-272.
Zhou, Y., Murata, T., & Defanti, T. A. (2000). Modeling and per-formance analysis using extended fuzzy-timing petri nets for networked virtual environments. IEEE Transition On System, 30(5), 737-756.