臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

枸杞(Lycium barbarum L.)為中國傳統中藥材，其活性成分枸杞多糖( Lycium barbarum polysaccharides, LBP)證實具有抗氧化、抗高血壓及抗腫瘤功效。本研究目的在探討枸杞多醣對老化促進小鼠抗氧化及學習記憶能力之影響。實驗以3、6月齡雄性及雌性老化促進小鼠 ( senescence-accelerated mouse prone-8; SAMP8 )為對象，分為五組，每組10隻，隨機分為對照組及實驗組，實驗組分為0.42 ml、0.84 ml、1.67ml及4.20 ml等不同劑量之枸杞多醣。實驗為期12週，期間記錄體重變化、攝食量，於11週進行小鼠活動量試驗及評估老化指數；第12週進行單次被動迴避試驗及主動迴避試驗評估學習記憶能力。動物犧牲後，分析血液生化值，檢測肝臟超氧歧化酶、麩胱苷肽過氧化酶、觸酶之活性；丙二醛、蛋白質羰基及總含硫化合物之含量。另以免疫組織化學染色觀察腦部β類澱粉蛋白沉積情形。結果顯示，實驗各組之攝食量、體重變化及活動量均無顯著差異。老化指數評估方面，與對照組相比3、6月齡雄性及雌性小鼠實驗組之老化總分皆顯著較低(p<0.05)。在學習記憶能力方面，經單次被動迴避試驗及主動迴避試驗試驗結果，實驗組比對照組具有較佳的學習記憶能力(p<0.05)。在肝臟抗氧化酵素方面，枸杞多醣皆能顯著增加超氧歧化酶、麩胱苷肽過氧化酶、觸酶之活性及總含硫化合物之含量(p<0.05)；並降低丙二醛、蛋白質羰基之含量(p<0.05)及腦部β類澱粉蛋白沉積百分比(p<0.05)。綜合上述結果，枸杞多醣能提升SAMP8小鼠體內之抗氧化酵素活性，降低脂質及蛋白質過氧化，減少類澱粉蛋白沉積之情形，改善學習記憶能力。

Lycium barbarum L. is a traditional Chinese herbalmedicine. Previous studies have demonstrated that Lycium barbarum polysaccharides (LBP) show antioxidant, antihypertensive and antitumor effects. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of Lycium barbarum polysaccharides on learning and memory ability, and antioxidant status in senescence-accelerated mice (SAMP8). 3 and 6-month-old SAMP8 male and female mice were used in this study. SAMP8 mice were randomly divided into five groups, where each group contained 10 mice, including control group, 0.42 ml LBP group, 0.84 ml LBP group, 1.67 ml LBP group, and 4.20 ml LBP group. This study period lasted for 12 weeks. Besides food intake, the body weight was also measured. The 11th week, the open field activity test was recorded in evaluation for behavior, and the aging scores were measured. One week before scarification, the single-trail passive avoidance test and active shuttle avoidance test were performed. The biochemical parameters of serum were analyzed after the mice sacrificed. The antioxidative enzyme activities were estimated in the liver, and the β-amyloid of brain was observed. The results showed that there was no significant difference in the body weight, food intake, and locomotion among each group. The aging score of control groups was significantly higher than experimental groups in 3 and 6-month old mice (p&lt;0.05). Results from ingle-trail passive avoidance test and active shuttle avoidance test showed that experimental groups had significantly better learning memory ability (p&lt;0.05). Activities of antioxidant ability, including SOD, GPx, catalase, and total thiol, in the experimental groups were significantly higher than that of control groups (p&lt;0.05). The MDA concentration and protein carbonyl in the experimental groups were significantly lower than the control groups (p&lt;0.05). Besides, the β-amyloid protein deposition of brain were significantly lower in the experimental groups than control groups (p&lt;0.05). In summary, the supplement of Lycium barbarum polysaccharides may promote the antioxidant defense system, reduce oxidative stress-induced damage, reduce the accumulation of β-amyloid deposition, and improve learning and memory ability.

摘 要...............I
Abstract............III
目錄.................V
表目錄...............VII
圖目錄...............VIII
第一章 前言...............1
第二章 文獻回顧...............3
第一節 枸杞...............3
壹、枸杞簡介...............3
貳、枸杞的營養成分...............3
參、枸杞多醣之生理功效...............4
一、抗氧化作用...............4
二、降血糖作用...............5
三、降血脂作用...............5
四、調節免疫...............6
五、抗腫瘤作用...............6
第二節 自由基與抗氧化防禦系統...............8
壹、自由基...............8
一、活性氧類(Reactive oxygen species; ROS)...............8
二、活性氮類(Reactive nitrogen species; RNS)...............9
貳、抗氧化防禦系統 ...............10
一、酵素型抗氧化系統...............10
二、非酵素型抗氧化系統...............11
第三節 老化...............14
壹、老化定義...............14
貳、氧化壓力與老化 ...............14
參、阿茲海默症...............15
第四節 老化促進小鼠............... 16
壹、老化促進小鼠來源...............16
貳、老化促進小鼠特徵與學習記憶能力...............16
參、老化指數系統(aging score system)...............18
第三章　材料與方法...............23
第一節　實驗動物...............23
第二節　實驗設計...............24
第三節　實驗方法與步驟...............27
壹、實驗流程...............27
貳、老化指數(aging score)評估...............29
參、活動量測試(open field activity test)...............30
肆、學習記憶測試...............31
一、單次被動迴避試驗(single-trail passive avoidance test)...31
二、主動迴避試驗(active shuttle avoidance test)............32
伍、血液生化學分析 ...............34
陸、肝臟抗氧化能力分析...............34
一、超氧歧化酶(superoxide dismutase; SOD)...............35
二、麩胱苷肽過氧化酶(glutathione peroxidase; GPx)...........38
三、過氧化氫酶(catalase)...............39
四、丙二醛(malondialdehyde; MDA)...............40
五、蛋白質羰基(protein carbonyl)...............43
六、總含硫化合物 (total thiol)...............44
柒、腦部病理切片觀察...............46
第四節 統計分析...............55
第四章 結果與討論............... 56
第一節 體重及攝食量...............56
第二節 活動量...............56
第三節 老化指數...............61
第四節 學習與記憶能力...............67
壹、單次被動迴避試驗...............67
貳、主動迴避試驗...............71
第五節 器官重量...............75
第六節 血液生化學分析...............75
第七節 肝臟抗氧化能力分析...............80
壹、超氧歧化酶(superoxide dismutase, SOD)...............80
貳、麩胱苷肽過氧化酶(glutathione peroxidase, GPx)...........80
參、觸酶(catalase)...............81
肆、丙二醛(malondialdehyde, MDA)...............81
伍、蛋白質羰基(protein carbonyls)...............81
陸、總含硫化合物(total thiol)...............82
第八節 腦部β-類澱粉蛋白之沉積................98
第五章 結論...............103
第六章 參考文獻...............104

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