臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

摘要
　　聯胺(N2H4)與觸媒Shell 405接觸時之反應特性，可瞬間產生大量而高溫的低分子量氣體，已被廣泛的應用於各方面，特別是在國防工業和航太科技的火箭推進上。近年來由微衛星的快速發展，使推進系統微米化的需求日增，但由於純聯胺分解反應溫度過高，無法被微推元件所接受，故本研究期以聯胺摻水的方式來降低其反應溫度以達到要求。

　　本實驗在固定燃料流率、觸媒床設計(直徑35mm，長度60mm之圓柱狀)與觸媒填充量(80克)之下，觀察不同比例(0~40%)含水聯胺在不同壓力下(60~140Psi)之反應平衡溫度，並應用色層分析儀(gas chromatograph)定量分析反應平衡氣體之 含量以確定氨分解率x值，以了解含水比例、平衡溫度、氨分解率與壓力之間的相互關係，以助於微推進氣源產生器之設計，結果如下：

(1) 聯胺分解反應之平衡溫度隨著含水比例的增加會逐漸遞減。(在10％含水量時，系統壓力為60∼140psi下約可降溫20~50K)
(2) 在含水聯胺與觸媒Shell 405反應中，水分子可能會附著於觸媒Shell 405上，導致觸媒活性降低，聯胺分解反應延遲。
(3) 水對減緩反應速率的影響隨著壓力提升而變大。
(4) 平衡溫度隨著壓力增加而升高，且壓力對平衡溫度的影響，隨著含水比例的增加而逐漸變小。
(5) Shell 405在低溫(393K)時，對氨分解並無明顯作用；氨分解率的高低取決於聯胺分解反應溫度。
(6) 氨分解率隨著含水比例的增加而遞減。

　　對微推進系統而言，在聯胺中摻水的確符有效的降低聯胺與Shell 405之間的反應溫度，由本實驗結果可知聯胺在含水量0∼25％之間，降溫效果最為顯著，而且氨分解率與聯胺分解反應速率改變也不大，藉此說明在微推系統上含水聯胺為一種相當潛力與發展的。

Abstract
　The reaction of hydrazine and catalyst(Shell 405) can instantaneously produce a large amount of the high temperature and low-molecular weight gas. This reactive characteristics is extensively applied on the propulsion field in aeronautic and astronautic industries. In recent years, due to the fast growth of nano- and pico-satellites, the needs of micro-scale propulsion system escalate simultaneously. However, the conventional material of MEMS devices can not sustain the high temperature generated by the fast decomposition of Hydrazine. In order to utilize the comparative low reaction temperature of hydrate hydrazine that potentially can be use as the propellant of micro propulsion systems, this thesis research investigated the characteristics of the reaction between hydrate hydrazine and Shell 405. The variations of reaction temperature and the degree of ammonia dissociation were experimentally observed at different pressures (60~140psi) and degrees of hydrated hydrazine (0��40%) at a constant fuel flow rate of hydrate hydrazine uniformly spray into a Shell 405 packed reactor. While measuring the temperature and the pressure in the reactor, gas chromatograph was adopted to quantitative analysis of ammonia dissociation.

　The experimental observations showed
(1) The reaction temperatures of hydrate hydrazine/shell 405 decreased with increasing water percentage. (20~50K with 10% hydrate hydrazine at various pressures)
(2) The rate of hydrazine dissociation decreased when water presented. This is probably caused by the reduction of the reactive site on Shell 405 due to water molecular adhesion.
(3) The effect of water addition on hydrazine dissociation rate increased with pressure increasing.
(4) The reaction temperature increased with pressure increasing, however, the effect of pressure on reaction temperature decreased with the increasing of water content.
(5) Shell 405 did not show catalytic effect on ammonia dissociation at 393K, the degree of ammonia dissociation mainly relied on the reaction temperatures in the reactor.
(6) The degree of ammonia dissociation decreased with the increasing of water content.

　As to be used in micro propulsion systems, the reaction temperature between hydrazine and Shell 405 was successfully reduced by adding water into hydrazine. With 0-25% of water addition, the temperature reduction was effective without significant rate reduction and change of ammonia dissociation. This research result showed that hydrate hydrazine is a potential propellant as the source of hot gas for micro propulsion systems.

目錄
中文摘要 I
英文摘要 III
誌謝 V
目錄 VI
表目錄 VIII
圖目錄 IX
第一章 導論 1
1-1 前言 1
1-2 研究動機 4
1-3 研究目的 5
1-4 文獻回顧 6
第二章 特性分析 12
2-1 燃料與觸媒特性 12
2-2 含水聯胺氣相分解反應分析與氨分解率計算 17
第三章 實驗設備與步驟 19
3-1 實驗設備與儀器 19
3-2 實驗步驟 23
第四章 結果與討論 24
4-1 結果分析與討論 24
4-2 結論 28
4-3 結語 28
參考文獻 30
表 33
圖 38
自述 � 48

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