臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

本試驗利用山崎養液胡瓜配方為基礎(control)，在不同鈣濃度處理下探討不同根域溫度對於胡瓜‘夏笛’鈣離子吸收與運移以及生理功能之影響。
結果顯示，在日/夜溫度35/28 ℃環境下，將養液中鈣濃度降低為70 ppm會顯著影響胡瓜之地上部乾重及根部鮮、乾重。但在日/夜溫度28/21 ℃環境下，養液中鈣含量減半對胡瓜生長之影響則較小。日/夜溫度28/21 ℃處理30天，植株下位葉及上位葉鈣含量為6.04%及2.21%，分別高於生長在日夜溫35/28 ℃下之4.4%及1.4%，顯示胡瓜在日夜溫28/21 ℃環境下，植株對於鈣的吸收及運移均較在日夜溫35/28 ℃下為佳。
利用冷氣控制根溫在26℃左右或以銀黑色PE布覆蓋介質處理，均可增加胡瓜地上部鮮乾重及葉面積，同時增加上位葉及滲出液中鈣之含量。處理42天後，在控制根溫處理組中，將養液中鈣含量降低為70 ppm對於滲出液中鈣含量的影響較小。無覆蓋鈣濃度70 ppm處理組和140ppm相比其滲出液中鈣濃度減少44 ppm，而銀黑色PE布覆蓋70 ppm處理組和140ppm處理相比，滲出液中鈣含量減少89 ppm，降低養液中鈣含量會使滲出液中鈣含量顯著減少。控制根溫處理中，將養液鈣含量降低為70 ppm，其上位葉鈣含量和無覆蓋處理鈣濃度140 ppm處理之植株相近，顯示控制根溫處理和無覆蓋處理比較，似乎可增加根系對鈣的吸收，並有利於胡瓜地上部鈣含量之增加。
本試驗中同時觀察到，胡瓜在夏季高溫環境下，無覆蓋處理對鈣離的吸收及運移受到抑制，而冬季在較低溫的環境下栽培時，減少初期鈣肥的用量並不影響胡瓜‘夏笛’之生長。因此，在本省高溫期如何有效降低介質根域溫度，以改善胡瓜對鈣的吸收進而促進生長，值得進一步之研究。

Experiments were conducted to study the effects of different root temperatures
and calcium concentration on growth and physiological response of cumber
‘Hsia Di’(Cucumis sativus L.) grown in soilless culture. Different calcium
concentration at 140 and 70 ppm in Yamasaki’s nutrition formulation and
day/night temperature of 35/28℃ and 28/21℃ were tested in the experiment.
Results indicated that both root and shoot dry weight of plants grown in 35/28℃
and 70 ppm of calcium decreased significantly as compared to those in lower
temperature and higher calcium concentration. The Ca contents of plants in lower
day/night temperature were observed less affected by nutrient solution with lower
calcium concentration. The Ca contents of the lower leaves and upper leaves of the
plants grown in 28/21℃ were 6.04 % and 2.21 % while those of plants in 35/28℃
were 4.4 % and 1.4 % , respectively.
Both treatments of root temperature control at 26℃ or medium mulch
mulching with PE film had the effects of increase above ground fresh weight and
leaf area, and higher Ca contents in upper leaves and xylem exudates. Under lower
temperature condition of 29/21℃, the Ca contents in xylem exudates were little
affected by lowering the Ca concentration from 140 ppm to 70 ppm. However,
those of plants in un-mulched and mulched media decreased 44 ppm and 89 ppm,
respectively, when the Ca concentration supply were decreased from 140 ppm to 70
ppm. It is postulated that the control of root temperature at 26℃ enhanced the
calcium absorption by roots the transport to above ground parts than did other
treatments. Hence, focusing on more effective and economical methods to lower the
medium temperature during the hot summer season will be the main aims in future
study.

目錄
中文摘要..........................................................................................................i
英文摘要........................................................................................................ii
目錄...................................................................................................................iii
表目錄................................................................................................................iv
圖目錄................................................................................................................vi
壹、前言..........................................................................................................1
貳、前人研究
一、鈣離子對植物之重要性與生理上的影響.....................................3
二、鈣離子的吸收.................................................................................7
三、鈣離子的運移.................................................................................9
四、環境因素的影響...........................................................................10
五、果實與鈣含量...............................................................................14
參、材料與方法
一、不同鈣濃度及溫度處理對介質耕胡瓜‘夏笛’植株生長發育之影
響......................................................................................................16
二、不同根域溫度及鈣濃度對介質耕胡瓜‘夏笛’植株鈣吸收分布之
影響....................................................................................................21
肆、結果
一、不同鈣濃度及溫度處理對介質耕胡瓜‘夏笛’植株生長發育之影
響......................................................................................................25
二、利用根溫調節對介質耕胡瓜‘夏笛’植株生長發育之影
響......................................................................................................44
伍、討論
一、不同鈣濃度及溫度處理對介質耕胡瓜‘夏笛’植株生長發育之影
響.......................................................................................................70
二、利用根溫調節對介質耕胡瓜‘夏笛’植株生長發育之影響............75
陸、結論........................................................................................................81
參考文獻...........................................................................................................82

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