臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

本文之主要目的在透過有限元素分析，探討貨櫃船船艏bow flare在波擊及plunge時之結構強度；在數值解析方面，利用有限元素分析軟體MSC/Patran和Nastran作為分析工具。

在波擊情況中，以一實際受損貨櫃船做為樣本船，建立船艏結構有限元素分析模型，波擊負荷利用船籍協會法規計算，對其進行應力與挫曲分析，並根據分析結果，對結構發生損傷部位加以補強；在plunge情況中，以相同貨櫃船做為樣本船，建立結構分析模型至第三貨艙區，plunge負荷則依據不同吃水深度而定，以應力分析結果，探討第一貨艙區之結構強度；藉由本研究方法之分析結果，作為日後船體結構設計時之考量依據。

The purpose of this article is to study the strength of containership due to bow flare slamming and plunge by using FEA (finite element analysis). In the numerical analysis, finite element software, MSC/Patran and Nastran, is the analytic tool.

In slamming case, an actual containership with damage in bow structures is used as the sample ship to establish FE (finite element) model including bow structures. The slamming impact loads used in the calculation are obtained from rules of classification society and then applied to the analysis of the static and buckling. According to the results of the analysis, we stiffen the structures with damage. In plunge case, the sample ship is same as slamming case, and the established FE model is extend to NO.3 cargo hold. The loads due to plunge are according to different draft, then, confer the strength of structures connected NO.1 cargo hold by the results of static analysis. According to the results obtained from this research approach, use it for the basis about the design of ship structures in the future.

目 錄

誌謝................................................................Ⅰ
摘要................................................................Ⅱ
目錄................................................................Ⅳ
圖目錄..............................................................Ⅵ
表目錄..............................................................Ⅹ

第一章 序論..........................................................1
1-1 研究動機...................................................1
1-2 文獻回顧...................................................2
1-3 論文架構...................................................4
第二章 Bow Flare波擊下之艏結構強度分析................................5
2-1 實船破損情況介紹...........................................5
2-2 波擊負荷...................................................9
2-2-1 WJSNA計算式.........................................9
2-2-2 LR法規公式..........................................15
2-3 有限元素分析法............................................22
2-3-1 應力分析.............................................22
2-3-2 挫曲強度分析.........................................24
2-3-3 藍瑟士法(Lanczos method) ..............................26
2-4 結構分析模型建立..........................................28
2-4-1 模型所用之元素.......................................28
2-4-2 船艏模型建立.........................................32
2-4-3 邊界條件.............................................37
2-4-4 負荷情況.............................................38
第三章 Plunge時船艏結構強度分析......................................41
3-1 Plunge現象說明............................................41
3-2 Plunge負荷................................................42
3-3 結構分析模型建立..........................................43
3-3-1 前半船模型建立.......................................43
3-3-2 邊界條件.............................................46
3-3-3 負荷情況.............................................47
第四章 分析結果與討論...............................................50
4-1 波擊下之挫曲強度分析......................................50
4-1-1 分析結果.............................................50
4-1-2 補強對策.............................................70
4-2 Plunge時之結構強度分析....................................73
第五章 結論與未來建議...............................................81
5-1 結論......................................................81
5-2 未來建議..................................................82
參考文獻............................................................83

圖 目 錄

圖2-1 樣本船一般佈置側視圖...........................................5
圖2-2 腋板損傷之實圖.................................................6
圖2-3 腋板立體示意圖.................................................6
圖2-4 受損部位於船艏之相對位置(外板展開圖) ............................7
圖2-5 受損部位於船艏之相對位置(甲板圖) ................................8
圖2-6 外板角度示意圖................................................10
圖2-7 CFD模型.......................................................12
圖2-8 角度示意圖....................................................16
圖2-9 參數圖........................................................18
圖2-10 CBAR元素之座標系統..........................................28
圖2-11 CBAR元素示意圖..............................................29
圖2-12 CQUAD4元素之幾何與座標系統..................................30
圖2-13 板元素示意圖.................................................31
圖2-14 外板圖.......................................................32
圖2-15 上甲板圖.....................................................33
圖2-16 縱桁圖.......................................................33
圖2-17 frame圖.......................................................34
圖2-18 細網格模型之腋板部位(一) ......................................34
圖2-19 網格模型之腋板部位(二) ........................................35
圖2-20 整體船艏模型圖(一) ............................................35
圖2-21 整體船艏模型圖(二) ............................................36
圖2-22 整體船艏模型圖(三) ............................................36
圖2-23 邊界條件.....................................................37
圖2-24 集中力圖.....................................................38
圖2-25 負荷情況(一) ..................................................40
圖2-26 負荷情況(二) ..................................................40
圖3-1 Plunge示意圖...................................................41
圖3-2 內部結構(一) ...................................................43
圖3-3 內部結構(二) ...................................................44
圖3-4 整體分析模型(一) ...............................................44
圖3-5 整體分析模型(二) ...............................................45
圖3-6 整體分析模型(三) ...............................................45
圖3-7 Plunge邊界條件.................................................46
圖3-8 水密隔艙壁反力示意圖..........................................47
圖3-9 靜水壓設定情況................................................48
圖3-10 負荷情況(一) ..................................................49
圖3-11 負荷情況(二) ..................................................49
圖4-1 波擊範圍(一) ...................................................50
圖4-2 船艏應力圖(一) .................................................51
圖4-3 船艏變形圖(一) .................................................52
圖4-4 波擊範圍應力圖(一) .............................................52
圖4-5 最大應力圖(一) .................................................53
圖4-6 第一種波擊範圍挫曲模態1.......................................53
圖4-7 第一種波擊範圍挫曲模態2.......................................54
圖4-8 第一種波擊範圍挫曲模態13......................................54
圖4-9 波擊範圍(二) ...................................................55
圖4-10 船艏應力圖(二) ................................................56
圖4-11 船艏變形圖(二) ................................................56
圖4-12 波擊範圍應力圖(二) ............................................57
圖4-13 最大應力圖(二) ................................................57
圖4-14 第二種波擊範圍挫曲模態1....................................58
圖4-15 第二種波擊範圍挫曲模態2......................................58
圖4-16 第二種波擊範圍挫曲模態15.....................................59
圖4-17波擊範圍(三) ..................................................59
圖4-18 船艏應力圖(三) ................................................60
圖4-19 船艏變形圖(三) ................................................61
圖4-20 波擊範圍應力圖(三) ............................................61
圖4-21 最大應力圖(三) ................................................62
圖4-22 第三種波擊範圍挫曲模態1......................................62
圖4-23 第三種波擊範圍挫曲模態2......................................63
圖4-24 第三種波擊範圍挫曲模態14.....................................63
圖4-25 右舷L6縱桁處.................................................64
圖4-26 靠近邊界條件處之外板區域.....................................65
圖4-27 左舷上甲板接近邊界條件處之外板...............................65
圖4-28 船艏應力圖(四) ................................................67
圖4-29 船艏變形圖(四) ................................................68
圖4-30 波擊範圍應力圖(四) ............................................68
圖4-31 腋板板厚.....................................................71
圖4-32 修改後之腋板板厚.............................................71
圖4-33 R緣口處扁條.................................................72
圖4-34 分析應力圖...................................................73
圖4-35 第一貨艙區應力圖.............................................74
圖4-36 應力X分量圖..................................................75
圖4-37 拉力作用位置圖...............................................75
圖4-38 L6縱桁與L26甲板部位圖........................................76
圖4-39 應力Y分量圖..................................................77
圖4-40 L23與L20承載貨櫃之甲板部位圖.................................77
圖4-41 L6縱桁挫曲圖.................................................78
圖4-42 L3縱桁挫曲圖.................................................78
圖4-43 L23甲板挫曲圖................................................79
圖4-44 L26甲板挫曲圖................................................79

表 目 錄

表 2-1 樣本船之主要尺寸規格...........................................5
表 2-2 Frame 97處之實例計算..........................................20
表 2-3 Frame 98處之實例計算..........................................21
表 2-4 Frame 99處之實例計算..........................................21
表 2-5 大型機械......................................................38
表 3-1 承載貨櫃數....................................................47

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