參考文獻
1.Chang CE and Hartley TG. Rutaceae in Flora of Taiwan, 2nd ed., Vol III, Editorial Committee of the Flora of Taiwan. Taipei, 1993 p. 537-43
2.何東輯，臺灣產芸香科植物分類之研究，國立中興大學森林學研，碩士論文 19953.Chen IS. A new species of Zanthoxylum in Taiwan. Formosan Science 1972; 26: 56-8
4.Sudre P, Ten DG, Kochi A. Tuberculosis: a global overview of the situation today. Bull World Health Organ 1992; 70: 149-59
5.Dolin PJ, Raviglione MC, Kochi A. Global tuberculosis incidence and mortality during 1990-2000. Bull World Health Organ 1994; 72: 213-20
6.Raviglione MC, Snider DE, Kochi A. Global epidemiology of tuberculosis morbidity and mortality of a worldwide epidemic. JAMA 1995; 273: 220-6
7.行政院衛生署疾病管制局，民國九十年肺結核防治年報，疾病管制局，2001
8.吳怡君，台灣結核病流行病學概況與防制現況，疾病管制局，台北，2005
9.Cantrell CL, Franzblau SG, Fischer NH. Antimycobacterial plant terpenoid. Planta Med 2001; 67: 685-94
10.Wall ME, Wani DC, Taylor YL. Abstract of Paper, 162nd National Meeting of American Chemical Society, Washington, DC, Sept. 1971, MEDI 34
11.Messmer WM, Tin-Wa M, Fong HHS, Bevelle C, Abraham DJ, Trojánek T. Fagaronine, a new tumor inhibitor isolated from Fagara zanthoxyloides Lam, (Rutaceae). J Pharm Sci 1972; 61: 1858-9
12.Ishii H, Ishikawa T, Chen IS, Lu ST. New phenylpropanoids having weak piscicidal action and the related compound: wutaiensol, wutaiensal, wutaialdehyde and methyl demethoxywutaiensate. Tetrahedron Lett 1982; 23: 4345-8
13.Sheen WS, Tsai IL, Teng CM, Chen IS. Nor-neolignan and phenylpropanoid from Zanthoxylum ailanthoides. Phytochemistry 1994; 36: 213-5
14.Cheng MJ. Studies on the chemical constituents and biological activities from Formosan plants-Zanthoxylum ailanthoides, Z. beecheyanum, Z. schinifolium, Machilus zuihoensis and Peperomia sui. Thesis of Ph. D. 2004, College of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Medical University. Kaohsiung, Taiwan
15.Yasuda I, Takeya K, Itokawa H. Two new pungent principles isolated from the pericarps of Zanthoxylum ailanthoides. Chem Pharm Bull 1981; 29: 1791-3
16.Ishii H, Ishikawa T, Mihara M, Akaike M. Studies on the chemical constituents of rutaceous plants. XLVIII. The chemical constituents of Xanthoxylum ailanthoides Sieb. et Zucc. [Fagara ailanthoides (Sieb. et Zucc.) Engl.]. 3. Isolation of the chemical constituents of the bark. Yakugaku Zasshi 1983; 103: 279-92
17.Ishii H, Komaki T. The alkaloids of Rutaceae. XVIII. Alkaloids of Xanthoxylum ailanthoides. Yakugaku Zasshi 1966; 86: 631-3
18.Tomita M, Ishii H. The alkaloids of rutaceaous plants. IV. Alkaloids of Xanthoxylum ailanthoides. Yakugaku Zasshi. 1958; 78: 1441-3
19.Hsiao JJ, Lui HT, Chiang HC. Constituents of Aralia bipinnata. Chin Pharm J 1994; 46: 199-205
20.Hsiao JJ, Liu HT, Chiang HC. Constituents of woody part of Aralia bipinnata. Phytochemistry 1995; 46: 899-902
21.Hsiao JJ, Chiang HC. Phenylpropanoids from Aralia bipinnata. Phytochemistry 1995; 39: 825-7
22.Morita N, Shimizu M. Medicinal resources XXV. The components in the root bark of Xanthoxylum ailanthoides. Yakugaku Zasshi 1966; 86: 732-4
23.Morita N, Fukata M. Medicinal resources XXVII. Components of Fagara ailanthoides. Yakugaku Zasshi 1967; 87: 319-20
24.Kalia NK, Singh B, Sood RP. A new amide from Zanthoxylum armatum. J Nat Prod 1999; 62: 311-2
25.Ahmad A, Misra LN, Gupta MM. Hydroxyalk-(4Z)-enoic acids and volatile components from the seeds of Zanthoxylum alatum. J Nat Prod 1993; 56: 456-60
26.Shah NC. Chemical composition of pericarp oil of Zanthoxylum alatum DC. J Essential Oil Res 1991; 3: 467-8
27.Li X, Li Z, Zhen Q, Cui T, Zhu W, Tu Z. Studies on chemical constituents of Zanthoxylum armatum DC. Tianran Chanwu Yanjiu Yu Kaifa 1996; 8: 24-7
28.Luong NX, Van Hac L, Dung NX. Chemical composition of the leaf oil of Zanthoxylum alatum Roxb. from Vietnam. J Essential Oil-Bearing Plants 2003; 6: 179-84
29.Weyerstahl P, Marschall H, Splittgerber U, Son PT, Giang PM, Kaul VK. Constituents of the essential oil from the fruits of Zanthoxylum rhetsoides Drake from Vietnam and from the aerial parts of Zanthoxylum alatum Roxb. from India. Flav Fragra J 1999; 14: 225-9
30.Fish F, Gray AI, Waterman PG. Coumarin, alkaloid, and flavonoid constituents from thr root and stem barks of Zanthoxylum avicennae. Phytochemistry 1975; 14: 841-2
31.Arthur HR, Hui WH, Ng YL. Examination of the Rutaceae of Hong Kong. III. The alkaloid, avicine, from Zanthoxylum avicennae. J Chem Soc 1959: 4007-9
32.Murray RDH, Forbes IT. Synthesis of the coumarins avicennol, dipetaline, and dipetalolactone. Tetrahedron Lett 1976: 953-4
33.Gray AI, Waigh RD, Waterman PG. Avicennol, a new pyranocoumarin from the root bark of Zanthoxylum avicennae and its conversion into avicenin. J Chem Soc Perkin Trans I 1975: 488-91
34.Arthur HR, Lee CM. Examination of the Rutaceae of Hong Kong. V. New coumarin, avicenin, from bark of Zanthoxylum avicennae. J Chem Soc 1960: 4654-7
35.Arthur HR, Tam SW, Ng YL. An examination of the Rutaceae of Hong Kong. VII. The essential oils. J Chem Soc 1961: 3551-2
36.Wu W, Zhu Z. Chemical constituents of Lie Dang (Zanthoxylum avicennae). Zhongcaoyao 1992; 23: 115-6
37.Trinh TT, Tran VS, Adam G. Bishordeninyl terpene alkaloids from Zanthoxylum avicennae. Tap Chi Hoa Hoc 2002; 40: 41-8
38.Thuy TT, Porzel A, Ripperger H, Van Sung T, Adam G. Bishordeninyl terpene alkaloids from Zanthoxylum avicennae. Phytochemistry 1999; 50: 903-7
39.Cheng S, Zhu L, Lu B, Yu Y, Liu Z. Studies on essential oil from Zanthoxylum avicennae (Lam.) DC. and its antimildew activity. Zhiwu Xuebao 1990; 32: 49-53
40.Chen IS, Chen TL, Lin WY, Tsai IL, Chen YC. Isobutylamides from the fruit of Zanthoxylum integrifoliolum. Phytochmistry 1999; 52: 357-60
41.Tsai IL, Lin WY, Huang MW, Chen TL, Chen IS. N-Isobutylamides and butyrolactone from Zanthoxylum integrifoliolum. Helvetica Chimica Acta 2001; 84: 830-3
42.林川芳，蘭嶼花椒根材與藤花椒莖皮之化學成分及抗HIV活性之研究，私立高雄醫學大學天然藥物研究所，碩士論文 200443.方輝諭，蘭嶼花椒根皮及三葉花椒葉部之化學成分與其細胞毒活性之研究，大仁科技大學製藥科技研究所，碩士論文 2005
44.Ishii H, Chen IS, Akaike M, Ishikawa T, Lu ST. Studies on the chemical constituents of rutaceous plants. XLIV. The chemical constituents of Xanthoxylum integrifoliolum (Merr.) Merr. (Fagara integrifoliolum Merr.) (1) The chemical constituents of the root wood. Yakugaku Zasshi 1982; 102: 182-95
45.陳益昇，盧盛德，石井 永，石川 勉，中國藥學會暨台灣省分會68年度年會 1979
46.陳益昇，盧盛德，游國龍，蔡烟力，中國藥學會暨台灣省分會70年度年會 1981
47.任志民，台灣產芸香科植物化學成分之研究: 蘭嶼花椒幹皮之化學成分，私立高雄醫學院藥學研究所，碩士論文 199048.Jen CM, Tsai IL, Horng DJ, Chen IS. Isolation and structure determination of two new compounds from Zanthoxylum integrifoliolum. J Nat Prod 1993; 56: 2019-21
49.Liu SL, Tsai IL, Ishikawa T, Harayama T, Chen IS. Bishordeninyl terpene alkaloids from Zanthoxylum integrifoliolum. J Chin Chem Soc 2000; 47:571-4
50.Sheen WS, Tsai IL, Teng CM, Ko FN, Chen IS. Indoloquinazoline alkaloids with antiplatelet aggregation activity from Zanthoxylum integrifoliolum. Planta Med 1996; 62: 175-6
51.Chen IS, Chen TL, Chang YL, Teng CM, Lin WY. Chemical constituents and biological activities of the fruit of Zanthoxylum integrifoliolum. J Nat Prod 1999; 62: 833-7
52.Chua MT, Maglaya A, Santos AC. Chemical investigations on Philippine natural products. I. Zanthoxylum integrifoliolum. Philipp J Sci 1970; 99: 205-23
53.Ishii H, Ishikakwa T, Akaike M, Tohjoh T, Toyoki M, Ishikawa M, Chen IS, Lu ST. Studies on the chemical constituents of rutaceous plants. LIX. The chemical constituents of Xanthoxylum nitidum (Roxb.) DC. (Fagara nitida Roxb.) (1). Examination of the alkaloidal fraction of the bark. Yakugaku Zasshi 1984; 104: 1030-42
54.Chen Y, Yang L, Xu B, Huang Z. Crystal structure of 7- demethyl-6-methoxy-5,6-dihydrochelerythrine, a new alkaloid from Zanthoxylum nitidum. Huaxue Xuebao 1989; 47: 1048-51
55.Tsai IL, Ishikawa T, Ishikawa T, Seki H, Chen IS. Terihanine from Zanthoxylum nitidum. Chin Pharm J 2000; 52: 43-9
56.Arthur HR, Hui WH, Ng YL. Structures of new benzphenanthridine alkaloids from Zanthoxylum nitidum. Chem Ind 1958: 1514
57.Moriyasu M, Ichimaru M, Nishiyama Y, Kato A, Wang J, Zhang H, Lui GB. (R)-(+)-Isotembetarine, a quaternary alkaloid from Zanthoxylum nitidum. J Nat Prod 1997; 60: 299-301
58.Wang MH. Isolation of antitumor alkaloids from Zanthoxylum nitidum and structure study of its alkaloid C. Yaoxue Tongbao 1981; 16: 48
59.Huang ZX, Li ZH. Studies of antitumor alkaloids from Zanthoxylum nitidum. Huaxue Xuebao 1980; 38: 535-42
60.Ishikawa T, Seki M, Nishigaya K, Miura Y,Seiki H, Chen IS, Ishii H. Studies on the chemical constituents of Xanthoxylum nitidum (Roxb.) DC. (Fagara nitida Roxb.). III. The chemical constituents of the wood. Chem Pharm Bull 1995; 43: 2014-8
61.Brophy JJ, Goldsack RJ, Forster PI, Hutton I. Compisition of the leaf oil of the Australian and Lord Howe Island species of Zanthoxylum (Rutaceae). J Essential Oil Res 2000; 12: 285-91
62.Chen JJ, Duh CY, Huang HY, Chen IS. Cytotoxic constituents from the stem bark of Zanthoxylum pistaciiflorum. J Chin Chem Soc 2004; 51: 659-663
63.李信興, 西印度櫻桃葉部及三葉花椒莖材部化學成分與細胞毒活性成分之研究, 大仁科技大學製藥科技研究所, 碩士論文, 200564.Ishii H, Ishikawa T, Lu ST, Chen IS. Studies on the chemical constituents of rutaceous plants. XXXI. The chemical constituents of Xanthoxylum cuspidatum Champ. (Fagara cuspidata Engl.). Yakugaku Zasshi 1976; 96:1458-67
65.Nguyen QA, Van-Dufat HT, Michel S, Tillequin F, Dumontet V, Sevenet T. A new phenylpropanoid ester from the bark of Zanthoxylum scandens (Rutaceae). J Biosciences 2002; 57: 986-9
66.(a)Arthur HR, Tam SW, Ng YL. An examination of the Rutaceae of Hong Kong. VII. The essential oils. J Chem Soc 1961: 3551-2.
(b)Morita N, Shimizu M, Arisawa M. Medical sources. XXIX. Components of Fagara genus plants. 3. Components of F. okinawensis, F. cuspidata, F. nitida, and F. ailanthoides var. yakumotana. Yakugaku Zasshi 1967; 87: 1017
67.Arthur HR, Hui WH, Ma CN. Examination of the Rutaceae of Hong Kong. I. Flavonold glycosides from Zanthoxylum species and the occurfence of optically active hesperetin. J Chem Soc 1956: 632-5
68.Brader G, Wurz G, Greger H, Hofer O. Novel prenylated 2-quinolinones from East Asian Zanthoxylum species. Liebigs Ann Chem 1993: 355-8
69.Ishii H, Ishikawa T, Chen IS. Alkaloids of rutaceous plants. XXII. Cuspidiol, a new monomeric phenyl propanoid. Tetrahedron Lett 1973: 4189-92
70.Nakaoki T, Morita N. Constituents of the fruits of Fagara species of Japan. Yakugaku Zasshi 1953; 73: 770-1
71.Tsai IL, Lin WY, Teng CM, Ishikawa T. Doong SL, Huang MW, Chen YC, Chen IS. Coumarins and antiplatelet constituents from the root bark of Zanthoxylum schinifolium. Planta Med 2000; 66: 618-23
72.Chen IS, Lin YC, Tsai IL, Teng CM, Ko FN, Ishikawa T, Ishii H. . Coumarins and antiplatelet constituents from the root bark of Zanthoxylum schinifolium. Phytochemistry 1995; 39: 1091-7
73.Chang CT, Doong SL, Tsai IL, Chen IS. Coumarins and anti-HBV constituents from Zanthoxylum schinifolium. Phytochemistry 1997; 45: 1419-22
74.Hong MF, Pan JX, Jiang TY, LI CL, Han GQ. Isolation and characterization platelet-activating factor (PAF) inhibitors from Zanthoxylum schinifolium. J Chin Pharm Sci 1992; 1: 13-9
75.Jiang TY, Hong MF, Pan JX, Yang XB. NMR study of two new compounds from the roots of Zanthoxylum schinifolium Sieb. et Zucc. Bopuxue Zazhi 1992; 9: 413-7
76.Pan JX, Bai Q, Yao B, Han GQ, Hong MF. The chemical constituents of Zanthoxylum schinifolium Sieb. et Zucc. Zhiwu Ziyuan Yu Huanjing 1993; 2: 26-8
77.Ishii H. Alkaoids of rutaceous plants. XVI. Alkaloid of Xanthoxylum schinifolium. Yakugaku Zasshi 1961; 81: 1633-5
78.Lui SL, Wei LX. Determination of chemical constituents in pepper tree prickly ash (Zanthoxylum schinifolium) and bunge prickly ash (Z. bungeanum). Zhongcaoyao 1991; 22: 16-8
79.Jo YS, Huong DT, Bae K, Lee MK, Kim YH. Monoamine oxidase inhibitory coumarin from Zanthoxylum schinifolium. Planta Med 2002; 68: 84-5
80.Liu SL, Wei LX, Wang D, Gao CY. Chemical constituents from the peel of Zanthoxylum schinifolium Sieb. et Zucc. Yao Xue Xue Bao 1991; 26: 836-40
81.Mun SL, Ryu HS, Lee HJ, Choi JS. Further screening for antioxidant activity of vegetable plants and its active principles from Zanthoxylum schinifolium. Han’guk Skip’um Yongyanb Hakhoechi 1998;11: 466-71
82.Lui SL, Wei LX. Analysis of volatile oil in Pericarpium Zanthoxyli. Zhonguo Zhongyao Zazhi 1991; 16: 359-60
83.Lee JG, Jang HJ, Kwag JJ, Kim OC, Lee GH. Analysis of volatile components of sansho (Zanthoxylum schinifolium) by solid phase microextraction. Han’guk Skip’um Yongyanb Hakhoechi 1999; 12: 110-23
84.Lee JW. Volatile flavor components of Korean sansho fruit and tree parts (Zanthoxylum schinifolium). Han’guk Skip’um Yongyanb Hakhoechi 1998; 11: 493-8
85.Chen IS, Tsai IW, Teng CM, Chen JJ, Chang YL, Ko FN, Lu MC Pezzuto JM. Pyranoquinoline alkaloids from Zanthoxylum simulans. Phytochemistry 1997; 46: 525-9
86.Yasuda I, Takeya K, Itokawa H. Evaluation of Chinese Zanthoxyli Fructus commercially available in Japan by pungent principles and essential oil constituents. Shoyakugaku Zasshi 1982, 36, 301-6
87.Wu SJ, Chen IS. Alkaloids from Zanthoxylum simulans. Phytochemistry 1993; 34: 1659-61
88.Chen IS, Wu SJ, Leu YL, Tsai IW, Wu TS. Alkaloids from root bark of Zanthoxylum simulans. Phytochmistry 1996; 42: 217-9
89.Wu SJ, Chen IS, Chen CY, Teng CM, Wu TS. Structure and synthesis of simulansamide, a platelet aggregation inhibitor from Zanthoxylum simulans. J Chin Chem Soc 1996; 43: 195-8
90.Chen IS, Wu SJ, Lin YC, Tsai IL, Seki H, Ko FN, Teng CM. Dimeric 2-quinolone alkaloid and antiplatelet aggregation constituents of Zanthoxylum simulans. Phytochemistry 1994; 36: 237-9
91.Chen IS, Wu SJ, Tsai IL, Wu TS, Pezzuto JM, Lu MC, Chai H, Suh N, Teng CM. Chemical and bioactive constituents from Zanthoxylum simulans. J Nat Prod 1994; 57: 1206-11
92.Yang YP, Cheng MJ, Teng CM, Chang YL, Tsai IL, Chen IS. Chemical and anti-platelet constituents from Formosan Zanthoxylum simulans. Phytochemistry 2002; 61: 567-72
93.Mester I, Waterman PG, Grudon MF. Chemistry and chemical taxonomy of Rutales, ed. Academic Press, London 1983: p 54-93
94.Araki T, Miyashita Y. Constituents of Zanthoxylum setosum Hemsl. Yakugaku Zasshi 1928; 48: 437. 1929; 49: 736
95.Chang Z, Liu F, Wang S, Zhao T, Wang M. Studies on the chemical constituents of Zanthoxylum simulans Hance. Yaoxue Xuebao 1981; 16: 394-6
96.Mishurova SS, Abbasov RM, Malinovskaya TA. Composition and antimicrobial activity of the essential oil from some Zanthoxylum L. species introduced into the Apsheron Peninsula. Ser Biol Nauk 1986; 5: 18-25
97.Grange J, Snell N. Activity of bromhexine and ambroxol, semi-synthetic derivatives of vasicine from the Indian shrub Adhatda vasica, against Mycobaterium tuberculosis in vitro. J Ethnopharmacol 1996; 50:49-53
98.Mitscher LA, Baker W. Tuberculosis: a search for novel therapy starting with natural products. Med Res Rev 1998; 18: 363-74
99.Mangalindan GC; Talaue MT; Cruz LJ; Franzblau SG; Adams LB; Richardson AD; Ireland CM; Concepcion GP. Agelasine F from a Philippine Agelas sp. sponge exhibits in vitro antituberculosis activity. Planta medica 2000; 66: 364-5
100.Billo M, Cabalion P, Waikedre J, Fourneau C, Bouttier S, Hocqemiller R, Fournet. A screening of some New Caledonian and Vanuatu medicinal plants for antimycobacterial activity. J Ethnopharmacol 2005; 96: 195-200
101.Frame AD, Rios-Olivares E, De Jesus L, Ortiz D, Pagan J, Mendez S. Plants from Puerto Rico with anti-Mycobacterium tuberculosis properties. P R Health Sci J 1998; 17: 243-52
102.Lin YM, Flavin MT, Cassidy CS, Mar A, Chen FC. Biflavonoids as novel antituberculosis. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2001; 11: 2101-4
103.Rao JUM, Giri GS, Hanumaiah T, Rao KVJ. Sampangine, a new alkaloid from Cananga odorata. J Nat Prod 1986; 49: 346-7
104.Waterman PG, Muhammad I. Chemistry of the Annonaceae. Part 14. sesquiterpenes and alkaloids from Cleistopholis patens. Phytochemistry 1985; 24: 523-7.
105.Wachter GA, Franzblau SG, Montenegro G, Suarez E, Fortunato RH, Saavedra E, Timmermann BN. A new antitubercular mulinane diterpenoid from Azorella madreporica Clos. J Nat Prod 1998; 61: 965-8
106.Schinkovitz A, Gibbons S, Stavri M, Cocksedge MJ, Bucar F. Ostruthin: An antimycobacterial coumarin from the roots of Peucedanum ostruthium. Planta Med 2003; 69: 369-71
107.Wachter GA, Valcic S, Flagg ML, Franzblau SG, Montenegro G, Suarez E, Timmermann BN. Antitubercular activity of pentacyclic triterpenoids from plants of Argentina and Chile. Phytomedicine 1999; 6: 341-5.
108.Rastogi N, Abaul J, Goh KS, Devallois A, Philogene E, Bourgeois P. Antimycobacterial activity of chemically defined natural substances from the Caribbean Flora in Guadaloupe. FEMS Immuno Med Microbiol 1998; 20: 267-73
109.Kobaisy M, Abramowski Z, Lermer L, Saxena G, Hancock REW, Towers GHN. Antimycobacterial polyynes of Devil''s Club (Oplopanax horridus), a North American native medicinal plant. J Nat Prod 1997; 60: 1210–3
110.McCutcheon AR, Stokes RW, Thorson LM, Ellis SM, Hancock REW, Towers GHN. Antimycobacterial screening of British Columbian medicinal plants. Int J Pharmacog 1997; 35: 77-83
111.Chang MW, Tasaka H, Kuwabara M, Watanabe T, Matsuo Y. Effects of Panax ginseng extracts on the growth of Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv. Hiroshima J Med Sci. 1979; 28:115-8
112.Grange JM, Davey RW,. Detection of antituberculous activity in plant extracts. J Appl Bacteriol 1990; 68: 587-91
113.Van Puyvelde L, Ntawukiliyayo JD, Portaels F, Hakizamungu E. In vitro inhibition of mycobacteria by Rwandese medicinal plants. Phytother Res 1994; 8: 65-9
114.Cantrell CL, Fischer NH, Urbatsch L, McGuire MS, Franzblau SG. Antimycobacterial crude plant extracts from South, Central, and North America. Phytomedicine 1998; 5: 137-45
115.Lucas EH, Lickfeldt A, Gottshall RY, Jennings JC. The occurrence of antibacterial substances in seed plants with special reference to Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Bull Torrey Bot Club 1951; 78: 310-21
116.Wang VFL. In vitro antibacterial activity of some common Chinese herbs on Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Chin Med J 1950; 68: 169-72
117.Lu T, Cantrell CL, Robbs SL, Franzblau SG, Fischer NH. Antimycobacterial matricaria esters and lactones from Astereae species. Planta Med 1998; 64:665-7
118.Murillo JI, Encarnacion-Dimayuga R, Malmstrom J, Christophersen C, Franzblau SG.. Antimycobacterial flavones from Haplopappus sonorensis. Fitoterapia 2003; 74: 226-230
119.Cantrell CL, Abate L, Fronczek FR, Franzblau SG, Quijano L, Fischer NH. Antimycobacterial eudesmanolides from Inula helenium and Rudbeckia subtomentosa. Planta Med 1999; 65: 351-5
120.Cantrell CL, Nunez IS, Castaneda-Acosta J, Foroozesh M, Fronczek FR, Fischer NH, Franzblau SG. Antimycobacterial activities of dehydrocostus lactone and its oxidation products. J Nat Prod 1998 ; 61:1181-6
121.Lu T, Vargas D, Franzblau SG, Fischer NH. Diterpenes from Solidago rugosa. Phytochemistry 1995; 38: 451-6
122.Fabry W, Okemo PO, Ansorg R. Antibacterial activity of East African medicinal plants. J Ethnopharmacol 1998; 60: 79-84
123.Gottshall RY, Lucas EH, Lickfeldt A, Roberts JM. The occurrence of antibacterial substances active against Mycobacterium tuberculosis in seed plants.J Clin Invest 1949; 28: 920-1
124.Ingolfsdottir K, Chung GAC, Skulason VG, Gissurarson SR, Vilhelmsdottir M. Antimycobacterial activity of lichen metabolites in vitro. Eur J Pharm Sci 1998; 6: 141-4
125.Asres K, Bucar F, Edelsbrunner S, Kartnig T, Ho G, Thiel W. Investigations on antimycobacterial activity of some Ethiopian medicinal plants. Phytother Res 2001; 15: 323-6
126. Muhammad I, Mossa JS, EI-Feraly FS. Antibacterial diterpenes from the leaves and seeds of Juniperus excelsa M. Bieb Phytother Res 1992; 6: 261-4
127.Muhammad I, Mossa JS, EI-Feraly FS. Additional antibacterial diterpenes from the bark of Juniperus procera. Phytother Res 1996; 10: 604-7
128.Constantine GH, Karchesy JJ, Franzblau SG, LaFleur LE. (+)-Totarol from Chamaecyparis nootkatensis and activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Fitoterapia 2001; 72: 572-4
129.Fitzpatrick FK. Plant substances active against Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Antibiot Chemother 1954; 4: 528-36
130.Thongtan J, Kittakoop P, Ruangrungsi N, Saenboonrueng J, Thebtaranonth Y. New antimycobacterial and antimalarial 8,9-secokaurane diterpenes from Croton kongensis. J Nat Prod 2003; 66: 868-70
131.Chumkaew P, Karalai C, Ponglimanont C, Chantrapromma K. Antimycobacterial activity of phorbol esters from the fruits of Sapium indicum. J Nat Prod 2003; 66: 540-3
132.Newton SM, Lau C, Gurcha SS, Besra GS, Wright CW. The evaluation of forty-three plant species for in vitro antimycobacterial activities; isolation of active constituents from Psoralea corylifolia and Sanguinaria canadensis. J Ethnopharmacol 2002; 79: 57-67
133. Ghosal S, Chaudhuri RK. Chemical constituents of Gentianaceae XVI: antitubercular activity of xanthones of Canscora decussate Schult. J Pharm Sci 1975; 64: 888-9
134.Ghosal S, Biswas K, Chaudhuri RK. Chemical constituents of Gentianaceae XXIV: anti-Mycobacterium tuberculosis activity of naturally occurring xanthones and synthetic analogs. J Pharm Sci 1978; 67: 721-2
135.Xu Y, Hu ZBI, Feng SC, Fan GJ. Studies on the antituberculosis principles from Lysionotus pauciflora Maxim. I. isolation and identification and nevadensin. Yaoxue Xuebao 1979; 14: 447-8
136.Gabbrielli G, Loggini F, Cioni PL, Giannaccini B, Mancuso E. Activity of lavandino essential oil against nontubercular rapid grown mycobacteria. Pharmacol Res Commum 1988; 20: 37-40
137.Rajab MS, Cantrell CL, Franzblau SG, Fischer NH. Activity of (E)-phytol and derivatives: a preliminary structure-activity study. Planta Med 1998; 64: 2-4
138.Tosun F, Kizilay GA, Sener B, Vural M, Palittapongarnpim P. Antimycobacterial screening of some Turkish plants. J Ethnopharmacol 2004; 95: 273-5
139.Ulubelen A, Evren N, Tuzlaci E, Johansson C. Diterpenoids from the roots of Salvia hypargeia. J Nat Prod 1988; 51: 1178-83
140.Ulubelen A, Topcu G, Johansson CB. Norditerpenoids and diterpenoids from Salvia multicaulis with antituberculous activity. J Nat Prod 1997; 60: 1275-80
141.Abbruzzese MR, Delaha EC, Garagusi VF. Absence of antimycobacterial synergism between garlic extract and antituberculosis drugs. Diag Microbiol Infect Dis 1987; 8: 79-85
142.Fischer NH, Lu T, Cantrell CL, Castaneda-Acosta J, Quijano L, Franzblau SG. Antimycobacterial evaluation of germacranolides. Phytochemistry 1998; 49: 559-64
143.Cantrell CL, Rajab MS, Franzblau SG, Fischer NH. Antimycobacterial triterpenes from Melia volkensii. J Nat Prod 1999; 62: 546-8
144.Moreira RRD, Anno IS, Leite CQF. Sensitivity of mycobacteria to different species of Eucalyptus L''Herit. Rev Bras Microbiol 1997; 28: 256-60
145.Rukachaisiriku T, Prabpai S, Champung P, Suksamrarn A. Chabamide, a novel piperine dimer from stems of Piper chaba. Planta Med 2002; 68: 853-5
146.Gentry EJ, Jampani HB, Keshavarz-Shokri A, Morton MD, Vander VD, Telikepalli H, Mitscher LA, Shawar R, Humble D, Baker W. Antitubercular natural products: berberine from the roots of commercial Hydrastis canadensis powder. isolation of inactive 8-oxotetrahydrothalifendine, canadine, ??-hydrastine, and two new quinic acid esters, hycandinic acid ester -1and -2. J Nat Prod 1998; 61: 1187-93
147.ElSohly HN, Danner S, Li XC, Nimrod AC, Clark AM. New antimycobacterial saponon from Colubrina retusa. J Nat Prod 1999; 62: 1341-2
148.Mitscher LA, Gollapudi SR, Oburn DS, Drake S. Antimicrobial agents from higher plants: two dimethylbenzisochromans from Karwinskia humboldtiana. Phytochemistry 1985; 24: 1681-3
149.Roper R, Ma TS. Microchemical investigation of medicinal plants. II. Antitubercular activity of some plant acids and their hydrazides. Mikrochim Acta 1968; 1: 212-8
150.Ma TS, Roper R. Microchemical investigation of medicinal plants. I. the antitubercular principle in Prunus mume and Schizandra chinensis. Mikrochimica Acta 1968; 1: 167-81
151.Saludes JP, Garson MJ, Franzblau SG, Aguinaldo AM. Antitubercular constituents from the hexane fraction of Morinda citrifolia Linn. (Rubiaceae). Phytother Res 2002; 16: 683-5
152.Sunthitikawinsakul A, Kongkathip N, Kongkathip B, Phonnakhu S, Phonnakhu S, Daly JW, Spande TF, Nimit Y, Rochanaruangrai S. Coumarins and carbazoles from Clausena excavata exhibited antimycobacterial and antifungal activities. Planta Med 2003; 69: 155-7
153.Houghton PJ, Woldemariam TZ, Watanabe Y, Yates M. Activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis of alkaloid constituents of Angostura bark Galipea officinalis. Planta Med 1995; 65: 250-4
154.Woldemichael GM, Franzblau SG, Zhang F. Inhibitory effect of sterols from Ruprechtia triflora and diterpenes from Calceolaria pinnifolia on the growth of Mycobacterium tuberculsis. Planta Med 2003; 69: 628-31
155.Rahman S, Fukamiya N, Okano M, Tagahara K, Lee KH. Antituberculosis activity of quassinoids. Chem Pharm Bull 1997; 45: 1527-9
156.Januario AH, Rodrigues-Filho E, Pietro RCLR, Kashima S, Sato DN, Franca SC. Antimycobacterial physalins from Physalis angulata L (Solanaceae). Phytother Res 2002; 16: 445-8
157.EI-Sayed KA, Hamann MT, Abd EI-Rahman HA, Zaghloul AM. New pyrrole alkaloids from Solanum sodomaeum. J Nat Prod 1998; 61: 848-50
158.Al-Yahya MA, Muhammad I, Mirza HH, EI-Feraly FS. Antibacterial constituents from the rhizomes of Ferula communis. Phytother Res 1998; 12: 335-9
159.Hiserodt RD, Franzblau SG , Rosen RT. Isolation of 6-, 8- y 10- gingerol from ginger rhizome by HPLC and preliminary evaluation of inhibition of Mycobacterium avium and Mycobacterium tuberculosis. J Agric Food Chem 1998; 46: 2504-8
160.Donnelly DMX, Fukuda N, Kouno I, Martin M, O''Reilly J. Dihydrobenzofurans from Heterobasidion annosum; Phytochemistry 1988; 27: 2709-13
161.Orjala J, Wright AD, Behrends H, Folkers G, Sticher O. Cytotoxic and antibacterial dihydrochalcones from Piper aduncum. J Nat Prod 1994; 57: 18-26
162.Ren L, Xie F, Xue Z. A new benzofuran from the root of Zanthoxylum acanthopodium. Planta Med 1988; 54: 466-7
163.Hart DJ, Mannino A. Synthesis of defucogilvocarcin V isosteres via MAD-mediated conjugate addition of carbanions to naphthoquinone ketals. Tetrahedron 1996; 52: 3841-56
164.Girard C, Colombain M, Muyard F, Bevalot F, Tillequin F, Waterman PG. Prenylated p-coumarates from the twigs of Phebalium rude subsp. amblycarpum (Rutaceae). Zeitschrift für Naturforschung 2002; 57c: 39-41
165.Wu TS, Shi LS, Wang JJ, Iou SC, Chang HC, Chen YP, Kuo YH, Chang YL, Teng CM. Cytotoxic and antiplatelet aggregation principles of Ruta graveolens. J Chin Chem Soc 2003; 50: 171-8
166.Couillerot E, Caron C, Comoe L, Audran JC, Molinatti P, Zeches M, Men-Olivier LL, Jardillier JC, Chenieux. Benzohenanthridine and furoqunoline accumulation in cell suspension cultures of Fagara zanthoxyloides. Phytochemistry 1994; 37: 425-8
167.Kamperdick C, Van NH, Sung TV, Adam G. Bisquinolinone alkaloids from Melicope ptelefolia. Phytochemistry 1999; 50: 177-81
168.Shobana N, Yeshoda, Shanmugam. A convenient approach to the synthesis of prenyl-, furo-, and pyrano-quinoline alkaloids of the Rutaceae. Tetrahedron 1989; 45: 757-62
169.Mhaske SB, Argade NP. Facile zeolite induced Fischer-indole synthesis: A new approach to bioactive natural product rutaecarpine. Tetrahedron 2004; 60: 3417-20
170.Wattanapiromsakul C, Forster PI, Waterman PG. Alkaloids and limonoids from Bouchardatia neurococca: systematic significance. Phytochemistry 2003; 64: 609-15
171.Ito C, Furukawa H. Constituents of Murraya exotica L. structure elucidation of new coumarins. Chem Pharm Bull 1987; 35: 4277-85
172.Reisch J, Wickramasinghe A, Kumar V. Two phenylpropanoids from Flindersia australis stem wood. Phytochemistry 1989; 28: 3242-3
173.Cunha EVL, Armstrong JA, Gray AI, Hockless DCR, Waterman PG, White AH. 3-Mnonterpenyl 2,4-dioxygenated quinoline alkaloids from the aerial parts of Eriostemon australasius subsp. banksii (Rutaceae). Aust J Chem 1993; 46: 1507-14
174.Pieters L, Dyck SV, Gao M, Bai R, Hamel E, Vlietinck A, Lemiere G. Synthesis and biological evaluation of dihydrobenzofuran lignans and related compounds as potential antitumor agents that inhibit polymerization. J Med Chem 1999; 42: 5475-81
175.Ito C, Mizuno T, Matsuoka M, Kimura Y, Sato K, Kajiura I, Omura M, Ju-Ichi M, Furukawa H. A new flavonoid and other new components from Citrus plants. Chem Pharm Bull 1988; 36: 3292-5
176.Hayashi K, Komura S, Isaji N, Ohishi N, Yagi K. Isolation of antioxidative compounds from Brazilian propolis: 3,4-dihydroxy-5-prenylcinnamic acid, a novel potent antioxidant. Chem. Pharm. Bull 1999, 47: 1521-4
177.Lee CK, Lu CK, Kuo YH, Chen JZ, Sun GZ. New prenylated flavones from the roots of Ficus beecheyana. J Chin Chem Soc 2004; 51: 437-41
178.Ito J, Chang FR, Wang HK, Park YK, Ikegaki M, Kilgore N, Lee KH. Anti-AIDS agents. 48. anti-HIV activity of moronic acid derivatives and the new melliferone-related triterpenoid isolated from Brazilian propolis. J Nat Prod 2001; 64: 1278-81
179.Su Y, Ren XF, She XG, Pan XF. Enantioselective synthesis of several natural virologins. J Chin Chem Soc 2004; 51: 1333-7
180.Rao MM, Lavie D. The Constituents of Ecballium elaterium L.-XXII phenolics as minor components. Tetrahedron 1974; 30: 3309-13
181.Abe F, Yahara S, Kubo K, Nonaka G, Okabe H, Nishioka I. Studies on Xanthoxylum spp. II. constituents of the bark of Xanthoxylum piperitum DC. Chem Pharm Bull 1974; 22: 2650-5
182.Abe F, Yahara S, Nonaka G, Okabe H, Nishioka I. Four new lignans, xanthoxylol, piperitol and their ??,??-dimethylallyl ethers from Xanthoxylum piperitum bark. Chem Pharm Bull 1973; 21: 1617-8
183.Wu TS, Shi LS, Wang JJ, Iou SC, Chang HC, Chen YP, Kuo YH, Chang YL, Teng CM. Cytotoxic and antiplatelet aggregation principles of Ruta graveolens. J Chin Chem Soc 2003; 50: 171-8
184.Fayret J, Lacoste L, Lablache-Combier A, Maquestiau A, Harverbeke YV, Flammang R, Mispreuve H. Composition steroliquert morphogeneses reproductrices chez Gnomonia leptostyla. Phytochemistry 1979; 18: 431-5
185.Vidal G, Lacoste L, Alais J, Lablache-Combier A, Maquestiau A, Harverbeke YV, Flammang R, Mispreuve H. Sterols et reproduction sexuee du Leptoshaeria typhae en fonction de la teneur du milieu de culture en xylose. Phytochemistry 1979; 18: 1405-8