臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

中 文 摘 要
氧化鋁和三鈣磷酸鹽在生醫陶瓷中，分別是強度及活性最佳之材料，應用在人體均有數十年之歷史。本研究藉由製程設計將兩者結合，在生醫材料上的性質，做互補上的配合，目的在於討論此製程技術並探討此法在生醫材料應用上的可行性。
研究中採用自製的β相三鈣磷酸鹽，乃是由碳酸鈣與磷酸氫氨粉末共燒合成，藉由熱重/熱差以及X-ray繞射分析，討論其反應機制，推測 (NH4)2HPO4於200∼230℃分解，而分解的產物HPO42+在230∼760 ℃的溫度區間內持續進行反應，最終形成PO43-，結合CaCO3分解產生的Ca2+離子，得到β-TCP (Ca3(PO4)2)，反應過程中NH3 、H2O 、 CO2造成於790℃前重量持續損失，而於800℃以上之溫度持溫可以得到單一晶相β-TCP。
進一步將自製的β相三鈣磷酸鹽製作成一巨孔隙結構之基材，利用鑄漿成形技術，將孔隙以氧化鋁泥漿填滿，而後藉由25MPa的機械壓力於1350℃持溫5小時，進行熱壓燒結，使β相三鈣磷酸鹽與氧化鋁結合，結果顯示熱壓過後，複合材料密度達98％，彎曲強度為31.08±4.02 MPa，機械強度因β相三鈣磷酸鹽中的缺陷產生而較低。

英 文 摘 要
Alumina was the first bioceramic widely used in clinic. It has been used in load-bearing hip prostheses and dental implants because of its combination of excellent corrosion resistance, high wear resistance and high strength. β-tricalcium phosphate is so far ideal candidate of synthetic bone replacement materials due to high biocompatiblity and osteoconduction. However, the mechanical behavior ofβ-tricalcium phosphate strongly influences their applications. This work investigated the feasibility of combining alumina withβ-tricalcium phosphate.
The formation ofβ-tricalcium phosphate(Ca3(PO4)2,β-TCP) from dibasic ammonium phosphate((NH4)2HPO4) and calcium carbonate(Ca3CO3) was investigated using DTA/TGA and X-ray diffraction(XRD). These analyses revealed that (NH4)2HPO4 decomposed at 200~230℃, and HPO42- condensed to be P2O74- in a temperature range of 230~760℃. P2O74-will then reacted with OH- to form PO43-. Calcium carbonate decomposed completely at about 780℃,and Ca2+reacted with PO43- to form Ca3(PO4)2. β-TCP powder was finally identified by XRD.
β-TCP porous perform was made by billing. β-TCP slurry in a sponge followed by drying, degreasing and sintering. alumina slurry was then infiltrated into the porousβ-TCP perform. The whole part were hot pressed to become a composite. The density of composite was 98% and the bending strength was 31.08±4.02MPa.

總目錄
中文摘要……………………………………………………...………………………….Ⅰ
英文摘要……………………………………………………..…………………………..Ⅱ
圖目錄……………………………………………………………………………………Ⅵ
表目錄…………………………………………………………………………………....Ⅷ
第一章緒論……………………………………………………………….…………….1
1-1.前言…………………………………………………………………………………...1
1-2.研究方向……………………………………………………………………………...1
1-3.研究目的及重點……………………………………………………………………...2
第二章文獻回顧及理論基礎…………………………………………….…………….3
2-1.生醫材料……………………………………………………………….……………...3
2-1-1.定義…………………………………………………………….………………3
2-1-2.生醫材料所需具備的條件及分類………………………………………………3
2-1-3.生醫陶瓷…………………………………………………………………………6
2-2.氧化鋁…………………………………………………………………………………9
2-3.磷酸鈣鹽類…………………………………………………………………………..11
2-3-1.氫氧基磷灰石…………………………………………………………………..11
2-3-2.三鈣磷酸鹽……………………………………………………………………..15
2-4.多孔植入材…………………………………………………………………………..16
第三章 材料與實驗方法………………………………………………………………..19
3-1. 粉末規格……………………………………………………………………………19
3-2. β-三鈣磷酸鹽的合成……………………………………………………………...19
3-2-1.配粉…………………………………………………………………………...19
3-2-2.合成…………………………………………………………………………...19
3-3. 合成β-TCP之性質………………………………………………………………...25
3-4.泥漿製備……………………………………………………………………………..25
3-4-1.粉末漿體濃度與黏度……………………………………………………….25
3-4-2.粒徑分析及生胚密度………………………………………………………...26
3-5.多孔三鈣磷酸之製作………………………………………………………………..26
3-6. Al2O3/β-TCP複合材料之製備……………………………………………………...29
3-6-1.灌漿…………………………………………………………………………...29
3-6-2.常壓燒結……………………………………………………………………...29
3-6-3.真空熱壓燒結………………………………………………………………...29
3-7.性質量測……………………………………………………………………………..32
3-7-1.熱差熱重分析（DTA/TGA）…………………………………………………..32
3-7-2.密度的測定…………………………………………………………………...32
3-7-3.彎曲強度的測定……………………………………………………………...34
3-7-4. X光繞射分析………………………………………………………………..34
3-7-5.孔徑分析……………………………………………………………………...35
第四章結果與討論…………………………………………………………………...36
4-1.三鈣磷酸粉末合成…………………………………………………………………..36
4-1-1.熱重分析…..………………………………………………………………….36
4-1-2.熱差分析……………………………………………………………………...36
4-1-3. X-ray繞射分析……………………………………………………..………..40
4-2.晶格常數……………………………………………………………………………..44
4-3.相變溫度……………………………………………………………………………..46
4-4.三鈣磷酸鹽泥漿之製備與特性……………………………………………………..51
4-4-1.粉末漿體濃度與黏度………………………………………………………...51
4-4-2.粒徑分佈……………………………………………………………………...54
4-4-3.粉末型態……………………………………………………………………...54
4-4-4.生胚密度……………………………………………………….……………..59
4-5.燒結密度……………………………………………………………………………..61
4-6.多孔預形體…………………………………………………………………………..64
4-7.β-TCP Al2O3複合材料之燒結……………………………………………………...64
4-7-1.常壓燒結…………………………………………………………………...…67
4-7-2.熱壓燒結……………………………………………………………………...67
第五章 結論……………………………………………………………………………72
參考文獻…………………………………………………………………………………74

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