臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

近幾年來,許多的研究人員都相當專注於電子商務中電子市集之架構的設計及發展,也有許多人將焦點放在電子市集智慧型代理人間的溝通協定的制定.而目前已存在以智慧型代理人為媒介的虛凝電子市集架構,議題協商的動作常需要人們的實際介入.實際的協商程序乍看之下似乎很容易,但其實其中有些過程是非常複雜及困難的.而其中尤以投標價的產生及核定分析最為重要.為了將這幾個動作加以自動化及更佳化,許多在實際協商中所需要的知識和所採用的策略必須加以處理並利用.
在這篇論文中,我提出一個包含了”協商引擎”的系統架構.而這個系統是由一個知識庫, a Preference Profile, a Utility Function和一個Negotiation Engine Handler所組成.這個協商引擎的核心是一個由LPA WIN-PROLOG 所建構而成的知識庫.這個知識庫主要是用來存取及利用協商過程中需要用到的知識及策略.它的工作是幫助智慧型代理人在協商過程中投標價的產生.
這個系統也將利用Utility Function 和 Constraint Satisfaction Problem 的技巧來和知識庫分工合作以求達到更佳的效果.他們主要的工作是幫助智慧型代理人做投標價的核定及分析.
協商的一些需事先定義的重要參數將儲存在Preference Profile,而這些參數將被利用來作為協商策略的選擇並幫助Negotiation Engine Handler做最後是否接收對方的投標價的重要依據參考.

In recent years, many researchers have focused on the design of market architectures for electronic commerce, while others have focused on protocols governing the interaction of self-interested intelligent agents engaged in such transactions. However, existing architectures for multi-agent virtual markets typically leave the actual negotiation to the agents themselves, or even to the people themselves. The actual negotiation process may looks simple at first glance, there are stages that are difficult and complicated. The most important parts in a negotiation process are bid formulation and bid evaluation. To make both steps as automatic and efficient as possible, real world knowledge and tactics are required.
In this thesis, I proposed an infrastructure with a negotiation engine which includes a knowledge base, preference profile, utility function and a negotiation engine handler. The heart of the negotiation engine, knowledge base, will be constructed by LPA Win-Prolog to capture the knowledge and tactics required in a negotiation process. It helps the user agent in bid formulation.
The utility function and constraint satisfaction problem techniques will also be applied in the system to work with the knowledge base to achieve a better result. The main function they provides will be the bid evaluation.
The preference profile is used to store the user agent's predefined attributes which determines the negotiation tactics used and aid the negotiation handler in the final decision making on bid's acceptance.

1 Introduction----------------------------------1
2 Background of Negotiation in AMEC-------------8
3 Former Appraoches of Negotiation in AMEC------21
4 Knowledge based Negotiation-------------------30
5 Construction of the Negotiation Engine--------39
6 Evaluation------------------------------------56
7 Conclusion and Future Work--------------------64

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