臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

秋海棠屬為一個包含超過1,500個物種的大屬，分布於亞洲、非洲與美洲之熱帶與亞熱帶地區。側膜組（Begonia sect. Coelocentrum）為1939年由Irmscher所創立的，是一個亞洲分布組，分布於中國南方與越南北方，為典型的石灰岩植物類群，大部分為稀有或侷限分布種。側膜組之秋海棠大多數種類葉片都具有美麗的花紋或獨特質地，十分具有觀賞價值。本研究進行了形態學、細胞學、孢粉學等方面的研究，並利用數值分析法對中國產秋海棠屬側膜組植物進行系統分類研究，使用了85個OTU，以及形態與生態的特徵共204個，在方法上以PCA的性狀相關性分析對於各特徵予以合理的加權。經由分析的結果認為假厚葉秋海棠（B. pseudodryadis）與其他側膜組成員差異頗大，應將之獨自分出一個新的亞組（subsect. Pseudodryades）。參考數值分析的結果，將中國產秋海棠屬側膜組植物分為51個分類群，包含47個種與4個變種。本研究依據形態的觀察與數值分析的結果將靖西秋海棠（B. jingxiensis）、馬山秋海棠（B. mashanica）與都安秋海棠（B. suboblata）由秋海棠組轉移至側膜組，並將馬山秋海棠降為靖西秋海棠的變種。簇毛傘葉秋海棠（B. umbraculifolia var. flocculosa）原為傘葉秋海棠的變種，經由數值分析的結果顯示該分類群的各項特徵明顯已達分種的標準而將之提升為種。分析的結果並發現有7個新種與1個新變種尚未被發表，並於本研究將之分別命名為巴馬秋海棠（B. bamaensis）、崇左秋海棠（B. chongzuoensis）、德天秋海棠（B. detianensis）、袍里秋海棠（B. fengshanensis）、湖潤秋海棠（B. hurunensis）、高氏秋海棠（B. koi）、臨桂秋海棠（B. linguiensis）與萬煜秋海棠（B. picturata var. wanyuana）。在細胞學方面，僅發現廣西秋海棠（B. guangxiensis）染色體數目為2n = 32，其餘皆為2n = 30。在空間分布上發現，側膜組之海拔分布格局隨著海拔高度增加而分類群的分布數目呈指數下降，顯示大部分側膜組秋海棠都分布在低海拔。原本秋海棠屬側膜組為一個物種數目較少的分類群，近年之研究發表了許多的新種，使得側膜組已躍升為秋海棠屬的一個大組，筆者於論文研究期間共參與發表6篇研究報告，其中包含十一個新種與一個新變種，推測全世界側膜組中應尚有許多新的物種等待人們去研究、發掘。

Begonia is a large genus comprising over 1,500 species throughout tropical and subtropical Asia, Africa and America. Begonia sect. Coelocentrum was established by Edgar Irmscher in 1939, based mainly on the parietal placentation and geographical distribution. Plants of Begonia sect. Coelocentrum are confined to the Karst areas in southern China and northern Vietnam. Most of them are rare and/or highly localized. They occur exclusively on semishady to shady limestones hills or in caves at elevations of ca. 100-1,400 m. Many are highly ornamental, displaying an amazing variety of shapes, colors, patterns and textures in their leaves. This study provides a systematic account of Begonia sect. Coelocentrum that are naturally distributed in China. Using 85 OTUs and 204 characters from morphology, chromosome numbers and distributional ranges, a numerical analysis was conducted. PCA weighting method was applied. As a result, 51 taxa including 47 species and 4 additional varieties were recognized for Begonia sect. Coelocentrum in China. All but B. masoniana are endemic to China. Begonia pseudodryadis is distinct enough to be considered the only member of the new subsection Pseudodryades here erected. Begonia jingxiensis, B. mashanica, and B. suboblata, formerly misplaced in sect. Diploclinium, were transferred to sect. Coelocentrum. Begonia mashanica was sunken as a variety of B. jingxiensis. Begonia umbraculifolia var. flocculosa was elevated to the species rank. In addition, seven new species and an additional new variety were here described, namely, B. bamaensis, B. chongzuoensis, B. detianensis, B. fengshanensis, B. hurunensis, B. koi, B. linguiensis and B. picturata var. wanyuana. Through intensive taxonomic studies and field inventories, the species number of Begonia sect. Coelocentrum more than doubled from four years ago when this study started.

表目次...............................ii
圖目次..............................iii
謝誌..................................x
中文摘要.............................xi
英文摘要............................xii
壹、前言..............................1
貳、前人研究..........................3
參、材料與方法.......................10
肆、結果.............................52
伍、討論............................132
陸、分類處理........................147
柒、參考文獻........................307
附錄一、OTU性狀編碼原始矩陣.........316
附錄二、公式表......................324
附錄三、OTU相似性矩陣...............325
附錄四、部份數量性狀窗型分析圖......329
自述................................332

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