臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

本研究是應用Duncan(1956)所提出的X-bar管制圖經濟設計之模式為基礎，發展出指數加權移動平均管制圖經濟設計模式，同時為了以顧客為生產導向，使成本模式更能反應顧客的聲音，而改以田口的損失函數替代傳統上只考慮製造成本的情形，當產品的品質特性與目標值差異越大時，社會損失亦越大，較採用單一固定值之傳統品質觀念，更合乎現今之品質定義。
為了探討損失函數應用在管制圖經濟性設計產生的影響，分別求得EWMA與X-bar管制圖的經濟設計並加以比較。結果顯示EWMA管制圖較X-bar管制圖能得到較小或者接近的期望成本。而從經濟設計的觀點而言，EWMA管制圖的加權常數並不需很小。同時，本研究並對所建立之模式進行敏感度分析，以瞭解成本參數（c、C1、C2）、製程參數（σ）及計算損失函數的相關參數（A、P、△）對指數加權移動平均管制圖經濟設計的影響。

This research is based on Duncan’s (1956) cost model to develop an economic design of EWMA control chart. Taguchi’s loss function which is more suitable for today’s quality cost definition was adopted in formulating the cost model.
In order to investigate the effects of loss function on the economic design of control chart, a comparison between EWMA control chart and X-bar control chart was conducted. A sensitive analysis was also performed for the model developed. Result show that the optimal value of weighting constant (r) is not necessarily small from an economic viewpoint. Parameters related to loss function such as A , P , and △ have major influence on the expected cost function.

一、緒論 1
1.1 研究動機與目的 1
1.2 研究範圍與限制 1
1.3 研究方法與步驟 2
二、文獻探討 4
2.1 管制圖之經濟性設計 4
2.2 Duncan 經濟設計模式 5
2.3 指數加權移動平均管制圖 6
2.3.1 EWMA管制圖之原理 6
2.3.2 EWMA管制圖之設計 8
2.3.3 EWMA管制圖的經濟設計 10
2.4 損失函數 12
2.4.1 損失函數的定義 12
2.4.2 應用損失函數之管制圖經濟性設計 13
2.5 Hooke and Jeeves 之搜尋法 15
三、模式建立 18
3.1 模式之假設條件 18
3.2 符號說明 19
3.3 製程平均週期 20
3.4 成本模式 22
四、EWMA管制圖經濟性設計 28
4.1 求解過程 28
4.2 EWMA與X-bar管制圖之比較 30
4.3 敏感度分析 37
五、結論與建議 45
5.1 結論45
5.2 建議 46
參考文獻 47
附錄一 EWMA管制圖經濟設計求解程式 50
附錄二 X-bar管制圖經濟設計求解程式 62

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